Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1970. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Typescript (photocopy). / Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries

LD2668 .T4 1966 D383 / Master of Science

The application of interactional power theory to sibling relationships was tested in a study of sibling pairs in middle childhood. Hypotheses were posed about sibling-status effects upon influence success, power, and dependence. Hypotheses were also posed for correlations among these variables, which correlations were expected irrespective of the sibling-status of the children in the sibling pairs. Hypotheses about dependence-based power, which stated that a child's power would be determined by the sibling's dependence upon him for good play outcomes, was the major tenet of interactional theory to be tested. Closely age-spaced sibling pairs were grouped by position, sex, and sex-of-sibling to form the eight cells of the 2x2x2 factorial design. One child in each pair influenced the other to eat mildly bitter crackers, yielding an influence success score. Each child also filled out a questionnaire designed to measure variables related to the child's general experience of dependence and power in the sibling relationship. The scales formed from this questionnaire were newTy devised and lacked demonstrated reliability and validity. The hypothesized sibling-status effects were not obtained in the influence procedure. One significant but oppositely predicted effect was obtained; children with a brother had greater influence success than children with a sister. This was not due to a sex-linked willingness for boys to eat more crackers than girls. Behaviors of the influencing children were interpreted to indicate that some of them reacted in a highly competitive fashion. The younger children in the pairs and the children with a brother appeared to form a stronger alliance with the investigator and then to use this alliance to pursue their influence attempts more vigorously. This account explained the unexpected sex-of-sibling effect and the expected but missing position effect. The influence procedure was not a measure of relative power but was a measure of how much the usually overpowered sibling seized the competitive possibilities offered by the situation. Sibling pairs differed from non-sibling peer pairs by reacting more competitively to this investigative procedure. No relationships were obtained between the questionnaire scales and influence success. On the questionnaire, older children in the pairs reported more usable power in the relationship than did the younger children. Children in same-sex pairs reported more affinity with the sibling (perceived similarity, play, friendship, and dependence) than did children in cross-sex pairs. Boys and children with sisters reported more power, while boys and children with brothers reported more affinity; these sex-of-child and sex-of-sibling effects were small, inconsistent, and inconclusive. Older children in same-sex pairs reported more affinity and less power than older children in cross-sex pairs. In cross-sex pairs wide differences in power (O > Y) and in affinity (Y > O) were obtained. In same-sex pairs the older and younger reported equal affinity and there was a muting of the reported power difference (O > Y). Greater conflict and greater development of counterpower in the more cohesive same-sex pairs were concluded to have led to this muted power difference. Tests of the dependence-based-power hypothesis were inconclusive. Neither influence success nor reported power showed the sibling-status results expected for dependence-based power. The empirical viability of this theoretical construct was questioned. The assumption that the sibling's dependence determines the child's power was not supported. The questionnaire responses were judged to support other aspects of interactional power theory. Overall, the results of the study were more simply explained by assuming that characteristics associated with sibling-status determine both a child's dependence and his power in the sibling relationship. / This thesis was digitized as part of a project begun in 2014 to increase the number of Duke psychology theses available online. The digitization project was spearheaded by Ciara Healy.

The use of influence tactics by sales representatives appears to be related to a number of latent constructs and factors such as, manifest needs, role conflict and role ambiguity, and perception of sales managers' power bases. However, such relationships have not been examined by researchers. These relationships were examined in this study in an effort to improve the current level of understanding of causes and results of the use of influence tactics in a sales environment. The contention of this study was that individuals in work settings engage in a variety of influence tactics, and that the type of influence tactics used are influenced by factors such as personal characteristics of the salespersons, the nature of goals to be achieved, the salespersons' perceptions of their superiors' power bases, and the nature and complexity of the dyadic relationship that exists between supervisor and subordinates.

Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited / In this thesis we explore the potential for using content placed on the Internet as a vehicle for influencing public opinion. We conducted an experiment with 110 subjects to test whether subtle changes in a headline for a news article, without changing the content of the article, can affect a user's perception of the news event reported in the article. These online news articles were assembled from a number of major news organizations. The subjects were divided into three groups, each of which was exposed to a different version of the headline: positively biased, negatively biased, and unchanged from the original headline. Afterwards the subjects completed a survey to indicate their views on the news events. We then analyzed this data to determine the cause-effect relationship between perception of the news event and the version of the headline. We found a detectable influence when using positively biased headlines to lessen the impact of negatively biased news stories, although the influence was not statistically significant. No evidence regarding the influence of negatively biased headlines on negatively biased news stories was discovered. This research was focused on detecting the potential influence of subtle changes and does not address the potential influence of less subtle changes. / Ensign, United States Navy

Orientador: Daniel Jugend / Banca: José Alcides Gobbo Junior / Banca: Robson Silva So Rocha / Dissertação (mestrado - Engenharia de Produção) - Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho", Faculdade de Engenharia / Resumo: O objetivo desta pesquisa consiste em analisar as relações de influência entre as práticas de colaboração proposta pela abordagem de Open Innovation, com aspectos da cultura organizacional e estrutura organizacional. Além disso, pretende-se analisar as influências da colaboração para inovação com desempenho operacional, desempenho inovador e desempenho de mercado. Foi adotada uma pesquisa quantitativa tipo survey, com uma amostra de 116 empresas pertencentes a setores considerados dinâmicos em termos tecnológicos. Dentre os resultados obtidos, há a indicação de que os clientes são a principal fonte de colaboração para a inovação das empresas, que empresas que recebem incentivos governamentais para inovação são menos propensas à utilização de prática de colaboração para inovação; há a preponderância em empresas de grande porte no desenvolvimento de inovações radicais; as relações de colaboração propostas pela abordagem da Open Innovation com clientes, fornecedores, funcionários, universidades e outros, exercem influências positivas tanto no desempenho inovador quanto no de mercado das firmas, porém não apresenta influência positiva no desempenho organizacional / Abstract: The objective of this research is to analyze the relationships of influence between collaborative practices proposed by the Open Innovation approach, with aspects of organizational culture and organizational structure. In addition, we intend to analyze the influences of collaboration for innovations with operational performance, innovative performance and market performance. A quantitative survey was adopted, with a sample of 116 firms in sectors considered dynamics in terms of technology. Some of the results presented that customers are the main source of collaboration for innovation companies; those companies that receive govermnment incentives for innovation are less prone to the use of collaborative innovation practices; there is a preponderance of large companies in the development of radical innovations; collaborative relations proposed by Open Innovation approach with customers, suppliers, employees, universities and others, exert positive influences both innovative performance as the market firms, but has no positive influence on operating performance / Mestre

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2001. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 99-110). Available also in a digital version from Dissertation Abstracts.

Thesis (M.S. in Systems Technology)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2003. / Thesis advisor(s): James Bret Michael, Raymond Buettner. Includes bibliographical references (p. 93-94). Also available online.

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