Internettjänsten The Pirate Bay fälldes av Svea hovrätt den 26 november 2010 för medhjälp till brott mot URL med motiveringen att denna tjänst främjat fildelning av upphovsrättsligt skyddat material utan upphovsmännens samtycke. Bestämmelsen i 23 kap 4 § 2 st. BrB lyder, ”ansvar som i denna balk är föreskrivet för viss gärning skall ådömas inte bara den som utfört gärningen utan även annan som främjat denna med råd eller dåd. Detsamma skall gälla beträffande i annan lag eller författning straffbelagd gärning, för vilken fängelse är föreskrivet.” I dagsläget finns ett flertal tjänster av liknande karaktär såsom söktjänsten Google och videotjänsten Youtube. Dessa har inte prövats av svensk rätt men åtnjuter skydd av E-handelslagen trots att de i praktiken kan anses fungera som The Pirate Bay. Skillnaden är att dessa aktivt handlar för att förebygga förekomsten av upphovsrättsligt skyddat material utan upphovsmännens samtycke. Trots detta förekommer en betydande mängd upphovsrättsligt skyddat material som med stor sannolikhet inte gjorts tillgängligt för allmänheten med upphovsmännens samtycke. Dessa aktörer kan teoretiskt sätt upprätta en policy mot spridning av olovligt material som är tillräcklig för att väga upp den skadan som tillförs upphovsmännen, på så sätt åtnjuter de titeln informationssamhällets tjänst, de vill säga samhällsnyttan väger över den tillförda skadan enligt E-handelslagen. Hovrättens deldom i Pirate Bay-målet är nu en milstolpe för dessa aktörer avseende tolkningen av medhjälpsbegreppet i BrB, men det är ändock av vikt att HD samt EU-domstolen klargör den diffusa gränsen mellan definitionen informationssamhällets tjänst och tolkningen av ordalydelsen i 23 kap 4 § 2 st. BrB (medhjälpsbegreppet). / The Pirate Bay was convicted by the Svea Court of Appeals in November 26, 2010 for aiding in crime against Swedish Copyright Law on the grounds that this service promoted the sharing of copyright material without the authors’ consent. The wording in chapter 23, paragraph 4, part 2 of the Swedish Criminal Code reads, "responsibilities in this section are prescribed for a specific act, it shall be imposed not only on those who carried out the deed, but also the one that facilitated this by giving advice or carrying out deeds. The same shall apply in relation to another law or constitutional criminal offense for which imprisonment is prescribed." Nowadays there are several services of similar nature such as the search engine Google and the video streaming service Youtube. These services have not been tested by Swedish law, since they are protected by the Swedish E-Commerce Law. Google and Youtube actively take actions to prevent the occurrence of copyrighted material without the authors' consent. However, there is a considerable amount of copyright material, which most probably has been made available to the public without the authors' consent. These companies can in theory establish a policy against the proliferation of unauthorized materials in an amount sufficient to offset the damage which affects the copyright owners, but still enjoy the title of information society services in the E-Commerce Law, since the social benefits are larger than the caused injury. The Swedish Court of Appeal's judgement is now a landmark for similar services when it comes to the interpretation of aiding crime against the Swedish copyright law. It is nevertheless important that the Supreme Court of Sweden and the EU-court defines the cloudy boundary between the definition information society services and the interpretation of the wording in the 23 chapter 4 § 2 part, Swedish penal code.

CHARLES UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE Faculty of Law Institute of Copyright, Industrial Property Rights and Competition Law DOCTORAL DISSERTATION The Evolution and the Limits of the Copyright Protection in the Global Information Society ABSTRACT Author: Mgr. Alena Andruško Supervisor: Prof. JUDr. Dr. iur. h. c. Jan Kříž, CSc. Field of Study: Civil Law Theoretical Legal Science Year: 2015 ABSTRACT Copyright law is one of the branches of law that has become, with the development of the Internet, the center of interest for different types of stakeholders in the global information society. With the evolution of "Web 2.0", sometimes called the "Participative Web", represented by user-generated content (UGC), and also with the evolution of peer-to-peer (P2P) file sharing and recently cyberlockers, the effectiveness of copyright protection online has become a problem where solutions can be found only with difficulty. Online copyright infringement is a complex phenomenon with a multiplicity of contributing factors. To see and understand these factors one must not only know and understand the territorial and international legal rules governing copyright, but also know and understand the online ecosystem in which copyright infringement takes place, which is impossible without knowing the history, evolution and technical...

The primary aim of this thesis is to summarize the legal framework relating to the legal responsibility of Information Service Providers (ISP). This field is regulated by the Directive 2000/31/EC ('Directive on electronic commerce') and the Czech Act No. 480/2004 Coll., on certain information society services. The secondary purpose of this thesis is to compare these two legal frameworks, consider the differences between them and identify their consequences. The legal definition of ISP is fully analyzed in this thesis however this basically means any provider of information society service, i.e service provided at a distance, by electronic means, at the individual request of a recipient of services and normally provided for remuneration. The thesis is composed of four chapters dealing with different issues. The first chapter is the short introduction into legal responsibility as a legal instrument. The main attention is given to the article 420 of the Act No. 40/1964 Coll. (Civil Code) and the changes which will be brought by the Act No. 89/2012 Coll., i.e. the "new" Civil Code effective from 1.1.2014. The second chapter deals with the first rulings concerning the ISP liability abroad (Godfrey v. Demon Internet, LICRA v. Yahoo, A&M Records v. Napster). In my point of view, these judgments are, even...

Thesis title: Liability of information society services provider for the storage of information provided by a recipient of the service This paper deals with a special liability rules for service providers that play a key role in the Internet environment and provide hosting services. Objectives of this paper are to specify the concept of the ISP, describe related current issues and above all to present and analyse the drafted legislation, which was presented by the European Commission at the end of 2016 and which has the potential to significantly influence the elaborated issues. In order to achieve the aforementioned objectives, the thesis identifies the legislation dealing with this issue and describes the relationship between the European and Czech regulations. It also further specifies the essential conditions for the attainment and subsequent preservation of a Safe Harbour, which excludes the application of general liability rules. It also deals with the ISP's no obligation to monitor the information they store. In connection with the above-mentioned matter, this thesis analyses important decision- making practice, which presents advanced interpretation of the issue and the development of SDEU's approach to the status of ISP in general. In its practical part, this paper focuses on the...