Philosophiae Doctor - PhD / The use of Information Systems (ISs) has been widely accepted and proven to increase the service quality in many organizations. Academic libraries have embraced the use of ISs and have implemented them to perform different activities. The efficient utilization and management of ISs in libraries will help libraries to derive maximum benefit from adopted ISs. The research used the DeLone and McLean (2003) IS success theory to determine the impact of IS management on the quality of the IS, the use of the IS and the benefits gained. The researcher used nine (30%) of the thirty university libraries which are members of the consortium of academic and research libraries in Ghana (CARLIGH) - an association of libraries that help with the IS and electronic resource use of member libraries. A mixed method approach with questionnaires, interviews combined with content analysis of the university websites was used to gather data. Findings indicated that academic libraries in Ghana are making use of some ISs including; ILS, DAM, social media, websites, among others, amidst a number of challenges. The research also revealed that the management of ISs affects the quality thereof. Quality of ISs affects use, and use affects the benefits gained from use. The researcher proposed an IS management standard guideline which Ghanaian academic libraries could adopt for using and managing ISs to enhance efficiency and better service delivery.

Cette thèse s’intéresse aux récentes évolutions du web habituellement désignées par les termes de« web 2.0 » (ou web participatif). Elle porte plus particulièrement sur la diffusion, au sein desorganisations, des outils du travail collaboratif qui en sont issus. En mobilisant les littératures de lasociologie des usages et du management des systèmes d’information, ce travail poursuit un double but :proposer une analyse des différentes modalités de leur adoption en entreprise, en observant la formesous laquelle ils y pénètrent (naturelle ou reconfigurée), et tenter d’en tirer les conséquences sur leprocessus d’appropriation. Les deux enquêtes qui ont été menées sur des terrains complémentaires ontpermis d’élaborer une grille de lecture possible des trajectoires d’adoption et d’appropriation des outilsdu web 2.0 en entreprise. Le premier terrain se concentre sur l’analyse de l’adoption et l’appropriationd’un wiki en usage pendant deux ans au sein d’un département R&D. L’enquête se base ici sur uneméthodologie mixte qui mêle données de trafic, données qualitatives et données quantitatives. Lesecond terrain s’intéresse quant à lui aux pratiques de coordination décentralisée, c’est-à-dire despratiques analogues à celles développées autour des outils du web 2.0 mais qui peuvent mettre en jeuun plus grand nombre d’outils. Cette seconde enquête permet de prendre du champ par rapport à uneapproche exclusivement centrée sur l’outil. Davantage tournée vers les pratiques, elle tente dedécouvrir l’outillage de la coordination concrètement mobilisé par des salariés qui présentent desprofils divers et évoluent dans des entreprises de différents types. Cette seconde enquête se base surune post-enquête réalisée à la suite de l’enquête Changement Organisationnel et Informatisation –Technologies de l’Information et de la Communication menée en 2006. Les données recueillies sur cesdeux terrains ont conduit à proposer trois scenarii possibles d’adoption et d’appropriation du web 2.0en entreprise : celui de la « diffusion classique », celui du « bricolage » et celui de « l’entreprise 2.0 ».Dans une démarche interprétativiste, ces scenarii sont à la fois nourris par et confrontés aux terrainsempiriques mais ne se veulent qu’une lecture possible de l’adoption et l’appropriation à partir defigures polaires. Ce travail se propose d’élargir le champ des recherches en management des systèmesd’information et les outils d’analyse existants pour mieux prendre en compte l’apparition d’unenouvelle génération d’outils en entreprise. / This thesis focuses on the recent trends witnessed on the web usually referred as “web 2.0” (orparticipative web). More specifically, this work takes an interest in the diffusion of web-basedcollaborative tools that stem from web 2.0 within organisations. Mobilizing literatures from thesociology of uses and management information system, this work pursue a twofold aim: to propose ananalysis of the different possible conditions of web 2.0’s adoption within enterprise, depending on theform it takes when it penetrates (natural or reconfigured), and try to draw upon this analysis to explainthe appropriation process. The two investigations that have been conducted on complementary fieldsenabled to develop a framework for a possible reading of the web 2.0 tools adoption andappropriation’s trajectories within enterprises. The first field focuses on the adoption andappropriation’s analysis of a two year old wiki used within an R&D department. This investigation isbased on a mixed methodology that puts together traffic data, qualitative and quantitative data. Thesecond field takes an interest in the decentralized coordination practices that is to say similar practicesas the one that takes place around web 2.0 tools while widened to other types of technologies. Taking apractice focus, this investigation tries to unravel the coordination equipment concretely employed byworkers presenting diverse profiles within enterprises of different kind. That second investigation isbased on a post survey realized after the survey Organisational Change and Computerization –Information and Communication Technologies conducted in 2006. The data gathered on these twofields led to propose three possible scenarios of web 2.0’s adoption and appropriation within enterprise:“the classical diffusion”, “the tinkering” and “the enterprise 2.0”. Based on an interpretive approach,these scenarios are at the same time feed by and confronted with the fields but are simply proposed as apossible reading of adoption and appropriation based on archetypes. This work proposes to widen thefield research of management information system and the tools it offers to take a better account of theemergence of new generations of tools within enterprise.

The work try to familiarize the users with information systems in contemporary business and show the greates weakness in the implementation of information systems in enterprises. The issue of implementation is addressed in the work from all sides and angles. First, the implementation process itself analyzed and its parts. The following are general methods applicable to software development and evaluated their use in the implementation process. In addition to the implementation process is part of the work given to the management. In the work is discusses how to look at the company's management can influence the implementation process. Another problem to be solved are the key factors influencing the course and success of implementation. In addition of these factors are mentioned the most important risks affecting various stages of implementation. Based on these risks are created by three specific scenarios which could arise in individual cases of emergency. Gradually, readers are drawn into the issue and during the actual implementation in real practice. The individual parts are reminded of the most significant weaknesses or places that none of the parties should not be underestimated. In addition to the actual weaknesses of the implementation process are discussed and two basic Casework across the entire spectrum of companies. At the conclusion of the implementation process is displayed in a graphic sketch, where the individual problems of implementation are shown in the very way the implementation process. The reader can better imagine the implementation process, including the sequence of steps. Complete implementation issue is addressed in the work of all views of interested parties. So your company owner will find thinking about the implementation, or project manager who deals with the issue. The work is based on the author's years of experience in information systems implementations themselves.

Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2015. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV is a key maternal and child health intervention in the context of the HIV/AIDS pandemic in South Africa. Accordingly, the PMTCT programme has been incorporated in the District Health Management Information System (DHMIS) that collects monthly facility-based data to support the management of public health services. To date, there has not been a comprehensive evaluation of the PMTCT information system. By comparing the experiences in two health districts, using the Performance of Routine Information System Management (PRISM) framework and tools, this study seeks to evaluate the availability, quality and use of process and output indicators for monitoring PMTCT interventions. A comparative analytical and observational study was undertaken using a multi-method approach which included: a self-administered survey of health information personnel to assess confidence and competence levels for routine health information system (RHIS) tasks, an assessment of the routine PMTCT data for quality, completeness, accuracy, and data use; and a facility survey of RHIS processes and resources. In addition, in-depth interviews with 22 key informants and observations in health facilities were conducted. Data were collected from 57 health facilities in a convenience sample of two health districts, and also from 182 health information personnel in the 57 health facilities, three sub-districts, and two district offices. Descriptive statistics, χ2-test, correlation and multiple regression analyses were conducted using STATA® Version 13. A general inductive approach was also used to analyse the qualitative data, which was used for triangulation. The study revealed considerable data quality concerns for the PMTCT information with an average accuracy between the register and routine monthly report of 51% and between the routine monthly reports and DHMIS database of 84% suggesting that the primary point of departure for accurate transfer of data is during the collation process. The importance of human factors was emphasised by the observation that the average confidence level for performing RHIS-related tasks (69%) was not commensurate with the average competence levels (30%). Education was found to be associated with competence, implying that levels of education may be associated with the level at which RHIS competencies are acquired; and that three years or more of post-matriculation education is necessary. Motivation, on the other hand was not associated Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za iv with competence. The study observed the absence of processes such as data-quality checks and data-analysis in place in facilities. There was a general absence of a culture of information use, as a result of lack of trust in the data, and the inability of programme and facility managers to analyse, interpret and use information. We observed differences in the data accuracy by organisational authority, and multivariate analysis and qualitative information suggested that feedback may be an essential process to ensure quality. Although the PRISM framework has been developed from a multi-disciplinary evidence base, this study has been able to validate some of the internal assumptions but has also found some aspects that were not supported such as motivation and data display. Data collected from a larger number of facilities will be required to investigate this further. Institutional capacity to improve RHIS processes, ensure core competencies for RHIS-related tasks are needed, and in the longer term, measures to tackle problems associated with low pass rates in numeracy subjects among high school learners are needed. Further exploration of the possible factors that may influence data accuracy, such as supervision, training and leadership are needed as well as investigating the relationships between human and institutional agency-related aspects, in particular, how individual actions can bring about changes in institutional routines. Further study is needed to determine how decision for planning and evaluating key programmes such as PMTCT are made, and what informs such decisions if not routine data. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In die lig van Suid Afrika se MIV/VIGS-pandemie kan ’n ingryping op gesondheidsvlak ’n belangrike rol speel om moeder-na-kind-oordrag (beter bekend as PMTCT) van MIV te voorkom. ’n Inligtingstelsel vir distriksgesondheidsbestuur – die DHMIS – was ontwerp vir die invordering van maandelikse fasiliteitsdata, wat gebruik kan word om die bestuur van openbare gesondheidsdienste en -programme te ondersteun. Die inligtingstelsel self was nog nie omvattend evalueer nie. Hierdie studie het die ervarings van twee gesondheidsdistrikte vergelyk met behulp van die PRISM- (Performance of Routine Information System) raamwerk en -instrumente. Derhalwe het hierdie studie die beskikbaarheid, gehalte en gebruik van proses- en uitsetaanwysers probeer bepaal om die PMTCT-ingrypings te monitor. ’n Vergelykende analitiese en waarnemingstudie is onderneem met behulp van ’n veelvuldige benadering. Die verskillende metodes het ’n selfopname onder gesondheidsinligtingspersoneel ingesluit om hul selfvertroue en bevoegdheid in roetinegesondheidsinligtingstelsel (RHIS)-take te evalueer. Daar was ook ’n assessering van die PMTCT-roetinedata om datagehalte, -volledigheid, -akkuraatheid en -gebruik te beoordeel.’n Fasiliteitsopname oor RHIS-prosesse en –hulpbronne was ook gedoen. Ander navorsingsmetodes het diepte-onderhoude met 22 sleutelpersone ingesluit, sowel as waarnemings in gesondheidsfasiliteite. Data is van 182 gesondheidsinligtingpersoneel van die 57 gesondheidsfasiliteite in ’n geriefsteekproef van twee gesondheidsdistrikte ingesamel. Deskriptiewe statistiek, χ2-toetsing, korrelasie en veelvoudige regressie is met behulp van STATA® weergawe 13 ontleed. ʼn Algemene induktiewe benadering is ook gevolg om die kwalitatiewe data te ontleed. Die studie toon dat menslike faktore ’n impak op datagehalte en -inligting kan hê, met ’n gemiddelde akkuraatheidsyfer van 51% van beide die register en roetine maandelikse verslae. Die akkuraatheid van die maandelikse verslae en RHIS databasis is 84%, wat aandui dat akkuraatheid slegs toegepas word indien inligting uit die staanspoor korrek aangeteken word. Die impak van menslike hulpbronafaktore was beklemtoon toe daar bevind was dat hoewel 69% van RHIS-dataverwerkers vertroue getoon het in die gebruik van RHIS-verwante take, slegs 30% wel bevoeg was om die werk te doen. Opvoeding was grootliks geassosieer met bevoegdheid, wat moontlik voorstel dat sekere vlakke van opvoeding benodig word vir spesifieke RHIS-bevoegdhede. Minsten drie jaar tersiêre opleiding word aanbebeel. Motivering was nie met Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za vi bevoegdheid geklassifeer nie. Die studie het bevind dat daar te min aandag aan datagehalte en –analise gegee word in fasiliteite. Oor die algemeen was daar nie ’n ordentlike kultuur van inligtinggebruik nie, a.g.v. die feit dat daar nie vertroue in die data was nie. Terselftertyd was program- en fasiliteitbestuurders nie bevoeg om inligting te analiseer en ontleed nie. Ons het verskille in die akkuraatheid van data opgetel wat deur organisasie-hoofde gedoen was. Meervoudige analise en kwalitatiewe informasie stel voor dat terugvoering ’n belangrike deel van die proses moet wees om kwaliteit te verseker. Hoewel die PRISM-raamwerk saamgestel was uit ’n multi-dissiplinêre bewyslewering, kon hierdie studie sommige van die interne voorneme valideer, maar daar was aspekte wat nie gestaaf kon word nie. Inligting van ’n groter aantal fasiliteite sal benodig word om verder hierna ondersoek in te stel. Institusionele kapasiteit word benodig om RHIS-prosesses te verbeter en basiese vaardighede vir RHIS-verwante take te verseker. Op langtermynvlak moet daar ook gekyk word na probleme wat lei tot laë slaagsyfers in syfervaardighede in hoërskoolleerders. Verdere ondersoek moet ingestel word om vas te stel watter faktore moontlik akkurate data teweeg kan bring. Dit sluit toesig, opleiding en leierskap, asook die verhoudings tussen menslike en agentskap-verwante aspekte in. Die feit dat optrede op individuele vlak veranderings in institusionele roetines kan aanbring, moet spesifiek na gekyk word. Verdere studies kan help om vas te stel hoe besluite vir beplanning en evaluaring vir hoofprogramme soos PMTCT gemaak word – asook hoe die besluite gemaak word indien hulle nie roetine voorafgaan nie.