The diploma thesis focuses on the issue of knowledge management, its principles and its application. The first part focuses on theoretical foundations. These are then used for analytical and practical part, which is dedicated to a proposal of own solution, where I propose practices to eliminate the identified weaknesses.

A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Arts in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Library and Information Science at the University Of Zululand, South Africa, 2015 / This study sets out to investigate information and knowledge sharing among academics in selected universities in Nigeria and South Africa. The areas focused upon were universities in the two countries and three each were sampled. The data was gathered through literature review, field survey, and the Bibliometric analysis of publications in Scopus, an online database. The combined techniques of purposive and probability random sampling were applied to determine the required sample frames of universities and respondents respectively. The respondents were drawn from Ahmadu Bello University (ABU), Federal University of Technology Minna (FUT) and Umaru Musa Yar’adua University (UMYU) in Nigeria, and University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN), Durban University of Technology (DUT) and University of Zululand (UZ) in South Africa. A Questionnaire was administered to obtain the necessary data from sampled academics in the selected universities. The questionnaire was administered to a total of 382 respondents comprising academic staff in both countries and a response rate of 311 representing 81.41% was achieved. Data was analysed using both quantitative statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 21 and UCINET version 6.0 to represent data obtained from the SCOPUS database. Four null hypotheses were tested at α = 0.05 using Correlation and the T-test. The demographic data revealed that majorities of the surveyed academics in Nigeria (74%) and South Africa (70.7%) were male, and had Master’s Degrees (52.5% Nigeria; 51.1% South Africa). Majority of the respondents were also in the Humanities (57.1% Nigeria; 41.3% South Africa), and had between 11 to 20 years of (42.0% Nigeria; 53.3% South Africa). The overall results revealed that the academic respondents from Nigeria (100%) and South Africa (100%) understand and participated in information and knowledge sharing through various means, such as seminars, conferences and workshops. The academics in the Nigerian universities indicated that they share and preferred information on additional jobs and scholarship availability, while the South African academics showed more interest in new technologies and collaborative initiatives. There was evidence that the surveyed academics in both countries shared information: through personal discussions; on research progress with others, both within and outside their universities and disciplines; and before undertaking research. The study determined that information and communication technologies (ICTs) are being used by the academics in the selected universities for information and knowledge sharing. All the surveyed academics indicated that they used the most common ICTs such as computers (100% Nigeria; 100% South Africa), mobile phones (100% Nigeria; 100% South Africa), internet facilities (100% Nigeria; 100% South Africa), and USBs (100% Nigeria; 100% South Africa). However, the overall utilization of ICTs was higher in the surveyed South African universities. The top collaborating authors were found to be from South Africa, while the top two collaborating universities were from Nigeria. However, it was established that there were far more collaborative ties both within and outside the selected universities and countries in South Africa than in Nigeria. The study found that knowledge sharing positively affects academics in their teaching, research, self-development and community service, with varying magnitudes with respect to selected universities in each country and the type of effect. And the number of collaborative ties both within and outside their universities and countries are more in South Africa than in Nigeria. Many problems were found to be affecting effective information and knowledge sharing, such as poor research management; poor communication of conferences, seminars and workshops among academics; poor support services; and negative attitude to sharing on the part of some academics. The study recommended that the prevailing problems of knowledge sharing could be decreased by the provision of some basic services, in particular: effective research management and support, adequate information resources and services, and strict policies to persuade academics to undertake and publish joint research results. It is also necessary to improve awareness among academics on the importance of information and knowledge sharing. Other recommendations include: 1. Further research should be embarked upon to compare African universities with European, American universities to ascertain the real problems behind the poor research performance of academics and universities on the continent and between Europe and America. 2. Multinational initiative to encourage and support African scholars participation to international academic gatherings which are usually hindered by travel/diplomatic issues 3. African universities must ensure further training and retraining of academics especially on information literacy skills and lifelong learning to emphasize the relevance of collaborative research via social interactions such as the Web 2.0 etc. / Umaru Musa Yar'dua University

The diploma thesis contains knowledge in relatively young information industry branch -- signal monitoring. After reading through this document the reader gains understanding of the essence of signal monitoring, what it is useful for, how it is represented and what the vision of the future related with signal monitoring is. Main part of the thesis is dedicated to the products conveying signal monitoring theory into praxis, their functionality description and the specific software extended functions suggestion. Design of signal monitoring domains connected with particular company is also included.

This thesis deals with intellectual capital and the explanation of its importance in modern society. In the opening chapters of the thesis, the first target is described - an explanation of the term "intellectual capital" in comparison with the theoretical background, which are data, information and knowledge. Further work describes the methods of measurement, storage, and reporting of intellectual capital. The practical part deals with the second goal, an analysis of intellectual capital within an organization where knowledge is applied from the theoretical part. The final chapter summarizes the results, offering possible solutions and outlining the development, as could be analyzed by the company to take.

This master thesis is about knowledge management in museum sphere. The purpose of theoretical part of this thesis is to give readers an introduction about basic terminology concerning to knowledge management. This part acquaints with definition of information, types of information, then the mentioned assumptions and the history of knowledge management. The theoretical part devoted to the process of transfer of knowledge, influence factors, barriers and obstacles arising during the inmplementaion of the knowledge management in the organization. The practical part of the thesis is an analysis of the current status of the museum and galeries in the world and the possibility and necessity of using knowledge management in the context of cultural institutions.

My master’s thesis is focused on knowledge management. The main point is one of the most important topics now, the knowledge and its management. The introduction of my master’s thesis provides basic definitions from the field of knowledge management, namely data, information and knowledge, and gives definitions of most important factors that influences knowledge management. Thesis gives a survey of current development in information systems and products supporting knowledge management.

Este trabalho, utilizando-se de metodologia colaborativa, apresenta estudo exploratório sobre saberes informacionais de alunos ingressantes do curso de Biblioteconomia, da Escola de Comunicações e Artes da Universidade de São Paulo, que cursaram a disciplina \"Fundamentos de Biblioteconomia, Documentação e Ciência da Informação no primeiro semestre de 2008. O estudo constou de acompanhamento da preparação e da apresentação de seminários pelos grupos de alunos. A pesquisa permitiu verificar que a maioria dos estudantes possui domínio de alguns saberes informacionais, mas que, em geral, estes não orgânica e suficientemente desenvolvidos, tendo em vista exigências da construção de conhecimentos acadêmicos solidamente fundamentados. Além de concluir sobre a importância do apoio dado pelo pesquisador/mediador ao grupo, o trabalho concluiu também que os saberes informacionais são de ordem relacional e sua apropriação envolve, em permanente e complexa dinâmica, não apenas habilidades e competências, mas especialmente atitudes e valores frente ao conhecimento. / This research utilizes a collaborative methodology to present an exploratory study about information knowledge of students enrolling in the biblioteconomy course at the School of Comunication an Arts (Escola de Comunicações de Artes) of the University of São Paulo and who had already studied the discipline \"The Fundamentals of Biblioteconomy, Documentation and Information Science\" (Fundamentos de Biblioteconomia, Documentação e Ciência da Informação) during the first semester of 2008. The research consisted in monitoring the preparation and presentation of seminary by the students groups. The research permitted the verification that most students had some informational knowledge dominance, but in general, the knowledge is not actively and sufficiently developed, considering the requirements of construction of solidy founded academic knowledge. Besides concluding about the importance of the support offered to the group by the researcher/facilitator, on the other hand, it also concludes that informational knowledge is relational and its appropriation, in permanent and complex dynamic, not only involves abilities and competencies, but also the overall knowledge attitudes and values.

Este trabalho, utilizando-se de metodologia colaborativa, apresenta estudo exploratório sobre saberes informacionais de alunos ingressantes do curso de Biblioteconomia, da Escola de Comunicações e Artes da Universidade de São Paulo, que cursaram a disciplina \"Fundamentos de Biblioteconomia, Documentação e Ciência da Informação no primeiro semestre de 2008. O estudo constou de acompanhamento da preparação e da apresentação de seminários pelos grupos de alunos. A pesquisa permitiu verificar que a maioria dos estudantes possui domínio de alguns saberes informacionais, mas que, em geral, estes não orgânica e suficientemente desenvolvidos, tendo em vista exigências da construção de conhecimentos acadêmicos solidamente fundamentados. Além de concluir sobre a importância do apoio dado pelo pesquisador/mediador ao grupo, o trabalho concluiu também que os saberes informacionais são de ordem relacional e sua apropriação envolve, em permanente e complexa dinâmica, não apenas habilidades e competências, mas especialmente atitudes e valores frente ao conhecimento. / This research utilizes a collaborative methodology to present an exploratory study about information knowledge of students enrolling in the biblioteconomy course at the School of Comunication an Arts (Escola de Comunicações de Artes) of the University of São Paulo and who had already studied the discipline \"The Fundamentals of Biblioteconomy, Documentation and Information Science\" (Fundamentos de Biblioteconomia, Documentação e Ciência da Informação) during the first semester of 2008. The research consisted in monitoring the preparation and presentation of seminary by the students groups. The research permitted the verification that most students had some informational knowledge dominance, but in general, the knowledge is not actively and sufficiently developed, considering the requirements of construction of solidy founded academic knowledge. Besides concluding about the importance of the support offered to the group by the researcher/facilitator, on the other hand, it also concludes that informational knowledge is relational and its appropriation, in permanent and complex dynamic, not only involves abilities and competencies, but also the overall knowledge attitudes and values.

The importance of knowledge in organizations has been steadily growing. Traditional economies focused on land, labour, and capital as their main production factors, and saw knowledge as external to the economic process. Over the last few decades, economists have started discussing the role of knowledge and technology in economic growth. The Resource-Based View of the firm explains the contribution of resources and capabilities of the firm to accomplish sustainable competitive advantage. As an extension of this view, the Knowledge-Based View of the firm suggests that knowledge is the basic economic resource, which explains an organization's sustainable competitive advantage. This view argues that in the knowledge-based economy, management of productivity of the knowledge-worker is the crucial challenge for growth and development. Organizational Capabilities are important for enhancing the competitive advantage and performance of the firms. However, the relationship between Organizational Capabilities and Knowledge-Worker Productivity have not previously been empirically examined. The current research, through Knowledge-Based View of the firm, examines the issue of effective knowledge integration from the perspective of Organizational Capabilities. This perspective suggests that effective knowledge integration improves the capabilities of an organization, which enhances the factors influencing the productivity of the knowledge-worker. Knowledge Integration Mechanisms were studied using four variables: Rules and Directives, Sequencing, Routines, and Group Problem-Solving. All these four variables were hypothesized to positively influence the three forms of Organizational Capabilities, namely Local Capability, Architectural Capability, and Process Capability. Then, the effect of these Capabilities on the Factors of Knowledge-Worker Productivity was examined. These factors were identified as Task Clarity, Autonomy, Innovation, Learning, Quality, and Value Addition. Through analysis of surveys collected from over three hundred knowledge professionals, this research empirically models and uncovers key aspects of these constructs. The results provide a basis for understanding the knowledge-based theory of the firm, which postulates that knowledge integration is the primary role of the firm. The data was analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling. This method was chosen because it allows the analysis of all the relationships simultaneously. From the analysis of data collected, results of this research suggests that Process Capability has got maximum influence on the Factors of Knowledge-Worker Productivity; and Group Problem-Solving, as a Knowledge Integration Mechanisms, was found to be most significant in the development of Organizational Capabilities. These results conform to those reported in the literature, that is improved Factors of Knowledge-Worker Productivity is dependent on Organizational Capabilities, which are enhanced by effective Knowledge Integration Mechanisms. Overall, this thesis expands the Knowledge-Based View of the firm by integrating the above mentioned three constructs. This integrated view provides insights on the significance of knowledge integration and illustrates how firms develop a set of capabilities that can improve the Factors of Knowledge-Worker Productivity. The findings from this research can be used to develop sound strategies for effective leverage of Knowledge Management, ensuring organizational development.

The aim of this thesis is to create a comprehensive view on questions of development and influence of media on society and related formation and processing of information. This thesis should also enable the reader easier understanding and orientation in this topic. For that reason the thesis is divided into four main parts. The first section describes what is information, and the relation among data, information and knowledge. The second part is devoted to development and influence of information and communication technologies. It describes ways which enabled and enable to deliver information to its recipient and also related changes brought by these technologies. In the next chapter there is desribed what influences our relations within the framework of single nations and how media help to their convergency and linking. And the last part of this thesis includes an analysis of possible use and misuse when affecting broad masses of people.