Submitted by CARLA MARIA GOULART DE MORAES (carlagm) on 2015-03-27T13:46:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MateusFrozzaEconomia.pdf: 1018760 bytes, checksum: bdf5a1de78ee4b254d538c138117cad3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-27T13:46:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MateusFrozzaEconomia.pdf: 1018760 bytes, checksum: bdf5a1de78ee4b254d538c138117cad3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / FAPERGS - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul / Esta dissertação busca examinar como está configurado o Sistema Inovativo do Biodiesel no Rio Grande do Sul. Para tanto, valeu-se de um estudo de caráter teórico?empírico, baseado na literatura neo-shumpeteriana e evolucionista. Foram realizadas entrevistas orientadas por um questionário estruturado com as principais empresas de Biodiesel no Estado. Também foram identificados os agentes e atores envolvidos no Sistema Inovativo, examinando as interações entre esses agentes e as empresas OLEOPLAN, BSBIOS, Brasil Ecodiesel e Granol visando a troca de informações científicas e tecnológicas; e apurando as políticas públicas voltadas para a produção de Biodiesel no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Por fim, o trabalho avalia a constituição ou não desse Sistema Inovativo, com base principalmente, na visão dos beneficiários, ou seja, as empresas. / This thesis search of to examine how the Innovative System Biodiesel in Rio Grande do Sul is configured. Therefore, to avail oneself of on a theoretical-empirical study, based on neo-Schumpeterian literature and evolution. Interviews were guided by a structured questionnaire with the principal companies of Biodiesel in the state. Also were identified the agents and actors involved in the Innovative System, examining the interactions between these agents and companies Oleoplan, BSBIOS, Brasil Ecodiesel and Granol aimed at exchanging of scientific and technological information, and refining public political toward at the production of Biodiesel in Rio Grande do Sul Finally, the study evaluates the constitution or not of this Innovative System, based mainly, in the view of the beneficiaries, that is, the companies.

This work stems from two different studies related to this performance assessment of seismic resistant systems. The first study compares the performance of newly developed and traditional seismic resisting systems, and the second study investigates many of the assumptions made within provisions for nonlinear response history analyses. In the first study, two innovative systems, which are hybrid buckling restrained braces and collapse prevention systems, are compared to their traditional counterparts using a combination of the FEMA P-695 and FEMA P-58 methodologies. Additionally, an innovative modeling assumption is investigated, where moment frames are evaluated with and without the lateral influence of the gravity system. Each system has a unique purpose from the perspective of performance-based earthquake engineering, and analyses focus on the all intensity levels of interest. The comparisons are presented in terms consequences, including repair costs, repair duration, number of casualties, and probability of receiving an unsafe placard, which are more meaningful to owners and other decision makers than traditional structural response parameters. The results show that these systems can significantly reduce the consequences, particularly the average repair costs, at the important intensity levels. The second study focuses on the assumptions made during proposed updates to provisions for nonlinear response history analyses. The first assumption investigated is the modeling of the gravity system's lateral influence, which can have significant effect on the system behavior and should be modeled if a more accurate representation of the behavior is needed. The influence of residual drifts on the proximity to collapse is determined, and this work concludes that a residual drift check is unnecessary if the only limit state of interest is collapse prevention. This study also finds that spectrally matched ground motions should cautiously be used for near-field structures. The effects of nonlinear accidental torsion are also examined in detail and are determined to have a significant effect on the inelastic behavior of the analyzed structure. The final investigation in this study shows that even if a structure is designed per ASCE 7, it may not have the assumed probability of collapse under the maximum considered earthquake when analyzed using FEMA P-695. / Ph. D.

Le bâti traditionnel dans le bassin méditerranéen, avec son riche parcours historique, reflète les nécessités socioculturelles pour lesquelles il a été construit. Les besoins environnementaux interagissent et se superposent en déterminant, en milieu urbain, des solutions typologiques et constructives récurrentes. Les solutions architecturales du bâtiment historique méditerranéen présentent des qualités formelles, structurelles et fonctionnelles remarquables et, grâce à la capacité d'adaptation au contexte climatique local, elles garantissent également un bon niveau de confort environnemental interne. De nos jours, la nécessité de réduire les consommations d’énergie dans le domaine de la construction entraîne le développement de la recherche vers des solutions innovantes qui combinent l’expérimentation sur les nouveaux matériaux et technologies, et la réappropriation des connaissances et des principes de construction de l’architecture « traditionnelle » en milieu dense. Porté par ces thématiques, étendues aux interactions entre les éléments du bâti et l’ensemble des facteurs qui participent à la détermination du confort intérieur des usagers dans les bâtiments traditionnels en région méditerranéenne, notre questionnement de base est parti des interrogations suivantes : pouvons-nous récupérer des savoir-faire techniques perdus ou oubliés pour répondre aux problématiques actuelles de réduction de consommation énergétique des bâtiments ? Comment réinterpréter certains aspects caractéristiques des bâtiments traditionnels avec les technologies et matériaux contemporains ? Quels outils de conception sont à mettre en place? Nous voulions ainsi reconstruire un modèle d'architecture traditionnelle en se concentrant sur une ville en particulier, Palerme, pour sa capacité à illustrer, à travers ses phases historiques, l'évolution d'une métropole méditerranéenne; sur tous les sous-systèmes (ville, bâtiment, composant constructif), nous retrouvons l’idée de transmission, avec des qualités implicites de permanence, d’héritage, de répétition et de durabilité. Ce choix nous permet, également, de cerner notre champ de recherche sans se perdre dans la multitude de variables possibles. En s’appuyant sur des recherches scientifiques actuelles et passées, et sur des calculs numériques réalisés, nous essaierons d’évaluer les performances énergétiques de cette architecture qui est souvent considérée comme une forme empirique d’architecture « bioclimatique ».La connaissance du comportement thermique de ce bâti représente une phase préparatoire fondamentale afin de proposer des outils de conception pour la modélisation et l’évaluation thermique de systèmes technologiques innovants, capables de réinterpréter certains aspects de l’architecture traditionnelle avec la mise en place de matériaux ou techniques contemporains / With its rich history, the traditional building in the Mediterranean Basin reflects the socio-cultural needs for which it was built: environmental needs interact and overlap, determining cyclic typological and constructive solutions in urban areas. The architectural solutions of the historic Mediterranean building have remarkable formal, structural and functional qualities and, thanks to their ability to adapt to the local climate context, they also guarantee a good level of internal environmental comfort. The need to reduce energy consumption in the construction field leads today towards the research of innovative solutions that combine experimentation on new materials and technologies and the re-appropriation of knowledge and principles of ‘traditional’ architecture in a dense environment.Moving from these considerations, and taking into account the interactions between the elements of the frame and all the factors involved in determining the internal user’s comfort in traditional buildings in the Mediterranean Region, we asked the following questions: can we recover lost or forgotten technical know-how to answer the current problems of reduction of buildings energy consumption? How to reinterpret certain peculiar aspects of traditional buildings with contemporary technologies and materials? What design tools are needed? We wanted to reconstruct a model of traditional architecture by focusing on a particular city, Palermo, due to its ability to illustrate the evolution of a Mediterranean metropolis through its historical phases; in all subsystems - city, building, component - we find the idea of transmission with implicit qualities of permanence, inheritance, repetition and durability. This choice also allows us to define our field of research without getting lost in the multitude of possible variables. Based on past and current scientific research, along with numerical calculations, we will try to evaluate the energy performance of this architecture, often considered as an empirical form of ‘bioclimatic’ architecture.The knowledge of the thermal behaviour of this building represents a pivotal preparatory phase in order to propose design tools for the modelling and thermal evaluation of innovative technological systems, capable of reinterpreting certain aspects of traditional architecture with the introduction of materials or contemporary techniques