Casos de profissionais cometendo iatrogenias em relação a erros de medicação, lesões cutâneas em clientes por material cortante, entre outros, mostrados na mídia televisiva, muitas vezes com pessoas em menoridade, como as crianças, em geral causam grande impacto e empatia frente à sociedade. Dentre estes eventos adversos, estão as quedas de pacientes, uma das injúrias mais relatadas dentre as que são englobadas na segurança do paciente. Assim, este estudo objetivou aplicar uma metodologia da revisão integrativa para identificar estudos desenvolvidos sobre o tema quedas e/ ou acidentes por quedas de pacientes em instituição hospitalar. A revisão integrativa contemplou seis etapas, sendo que na quinta etapa (interpretação ou integração dos resultados) foram utilizados sete níveis de evidência para a classificação dos estudos. Foi realizada nas bibliotecas Cochrane e Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) e nas seguintes bases de dados: Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), EMBASE (Excerpta Medica Database), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), PubMed (US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health), Scopus e Web of Science, referente às publicações realizadas dos anos de 2002 a 2012, com os descritores / palavras-chave utilizados que contemplavam os termos quedas, pacientes e hospitais, em diferentes estratégias de busca. A seleção inicial contemplou 33.280 artigos, que após aplicados os critérios de inclusão e exclusão resultaram em uma amostra de 220 artigos. Deste total de artigos, os níveis de evidência baseados nos tipos de estudos, correspondentes ao total de artigos da presente pesquisa, foram o II, III, IV e VI, correspondentes a 10%, 0,9%, 39,1% e 50%, respectivamente. Assim, os estudos descritivos foram os mais presentes; seguido dos de coorte, caso-controle e quase-experimentais; dos ensaios clínicos controlados randomizados; e dos ensaios clínicos bem delineados sem randomização, respectivamente. Pode-se verificar também que os níveis de evidência dos estudos relacionados aos temas características / etiologias / fatores de risco e prevenção de quedas, e condutas pós-quedas acompanharam a mesma sequência daqueles com maior incidência no presente estudo (nível VI) para o de menor incidência (nível III). Os achados referentes às características / etiologias / fatores de risco relacionados a quedas de pacientes hospitalizados foram distribuídos em 14 subtemas, que totalizaram 24 itens, que contemplaram os achados que apresentaram associação com o tema. Em relação às medidas preventivas, encontrou-se 19 achados, dentre eles programas de prevenção de quedas; ferramentas / avaliação de risco de quedas; diretrizes / intervenções; recursos humanos / dinâmica de trabalho; acompanhante / sitter / voluntários; escalas de avaliação da funcionalidade (atividade de vida diária /dependência do cuidado) e função motora; luz de chamada; e cuidados de enfermagem. Somado a isto, das 14 condutas pós-quedas relatadas nos artigos, as mais presentes foram radiografias; administração de medicamentos / analgesia; avaliação médica / especialista; curativo simples / sutura; e observação. Logo, ao se pensar em quedas de pessoas há de ter-se em mente que um corpo desliza ou vai ao chão, devido a uma falta de sustentação do mesmo, decorrente de alguma situação intrínseca ao indivíduo ou devido a fatores externos que contribuem para que a pessoa deixe seu estado de \"equilíbrio postural\". Assim, este estudo proporcionou ter uma visão ampla sobre a diferentes contextos inerentes às quedas de pacientes hospitalizados, a fim de se conseguir desenvolver ações preventivas custo-efetivas e que proporcione uma assistência de qualidade aos indivíduos assistidos em instituições hospitalares / Cases of professionals committing iatrogenic regarding medication errors, cutaneous lesions in customers by cutting material, among others, shown in television media, often with underage people, such as children, in general cause greatly impact and empathy for society. Of these adverse events, patient falls are one of the most reported injuries among which are included in the safety of the patient. Thus, this study aimed to apply an integrative review methodology to identify studies development about the topic of falls and / or accidents from falls of patients in hospital. The integrative review included six stages, whereas the fifth step (interpretation or integration of results) seven levels of evidence were used to classify the studies. Was held in Cochrane and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) libraries in the following databases: Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), EMBASE (Excerpta Medica Database), Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS), PubMed (U.S. National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health), Scopus and Web of Science, referring to publications made the years 2002-2012, with descriptors / keywords used contemplated the falls terms, patients and hospitals in different search strategies. The initial selection included 33,280 articles, which after applied the inclusion and exclusion criteria resulted in a sample of 220 articles. Of the total articles, levels of evidence based on the types of studies, corresponding to the total number of articles of the present study were the II, III, IV and VI, corresponding to 10%, 0.9 %, 39.1% and 50%, respectively. Thus, descriptive studies were most present; followed the cohort, case-control and quasi- experimental, randomized controlled clinical trials, and well-designed clinical trials without randomization, respectively. It was also possible to verify the levels of evidence related to the themes of the characteristics / etiologies / risk factors and falls prevention, and post- falls conducts followed the same sequence of those with higher incidence in this study (level VI) to the lowest incidence (level III). The findings relating to the characteristics / etiologies / risk factors related to falls of hospitalized patients were distributed into 14 sub-themes, totaling 24 items, which contemplated the findings that were associated with the topic. Regarding preventive measures, it was found 19 findings, including programs for the prevention of falls; tools / risk assessment of falls; guidelines / interventions, human resources / labor dynamics, companion / sitter / volunteers; assessment scales of functionality (activities of daily living / dependency care) and motor function, call light, and nursing care. In addition to that, of 14 behaviors post- falls reported in the articles, the most present were radiographs, medication administration / analgesia, medical / expert review; simple curative / suturing, and observation. Therefore, when thinking about people\'s falls be borne in mind that a body slides or goes down due to a lack of support of itself, due to some intrinsic situation to the individual or due to external factors that contribute to person to leave their state of \"postural balance\". Thus, this study provided take a broad view on the different contexts inherent to inpatients falls in order to can develop cost-effective preventive actions that provides quality care to individuals assisted in hospitals

Casos de profissionais cometendo iatrogenias em relação a erros de medicação, lesões cutâneas em clientes por material cortante, entre outros, mostrados na mídia televisiva, muitas vezes com pessoas em menoridade, como as crianças, em geral causam grande impacto e empatia frente à sociedade. Dentre estes eventos adversos, estão as quedas de pacientes, uma das injúrias mais relatadas dentre as que são englobadas na segurança do paciente. Assim, este estudo objetivou aplicar uma metodologia da revisão integrativa para identificar estudos desenvolvidos sobre o tema quedas e/ ou acidentes por quedas de pacientes em instituição hospitalar. A revisão integrativa contemplou seis etapas, sendo que na quinta etapa (interpretação ou integração dos resultados) foram utilizados sete níveis de evidência para a classificação dos estudos. Foi realizada nas bibliotecas Cochrane e Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) e nas seguintes bases de dados: Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), EMBASE (Excerpta Medica Database), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), PubMed (US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health), Scopus e Web of Science, referente às publicações realizadas dos anos de 2002 a 2012, com os descritores / palavras-chave utilizados que contemplavam os termos quedas, pacientes e hospitais, em diferentes estratégias de busca. A seleção inicial contemplou 33.280 artigos, que após aplicados os critérios de inclusão e exclusão resultaram em uma amostra de 220 artigos. Deste total de artigos, os níveis de evidência baseados nos tipos de estudos, correspondentes ao total de artigos da presente pesquisa, foram o II, III, IV e VI, correspondentes a 10%, 0,9%, 39,1% e 50%, respectivamente. Assim, os estudos descritivos foram os mais presentes; seguido dos de coorte, caso-controle e quase-experimentais; dos ensaios clínicos controlados randomizados; e dos ensaios clínicos bem delineados sem randomização, respectivamente. Pode-se verificar também que os níveis de evidência dos estudos relacionados aos temas características / etiologias / fatores de risco e prevenção de quedas, e condutas pós-quedas acompanharam a mesma sequência daqueles com maior incidência no presente estudo (nível VI) para o de menor incidência (nível III). Os achados referentes às características / etiologias / fatores de risco relacionados a quedas de pacientes hospitalizados foram distribuídos em 14 subtemas, que totalizaram 24 itens, que contemplaram os achados que apresentaram associação com o tema. Em relação às medidas preventivas, encontrou-se 19 achados, dentre eles programas de prevenção de quedas; ferramentas / avaliação de risco de quedas; diretrizes / intervenções; recursos humanos / dinâmica de trabalho; acompanhante / sitter / voluntários; escalas de avaliação da funcionalidade (atividade de vida diária /dependência do cuidado) e função motora; luz de chamada; e cuidados de enfermagem. Somado a isto, das 14 condutas pós-quedas relatadas nos artigos, as mais presentes foram radiografias; administração de medicamentos / analgesia; avaliação médica / especialista; curativo simples / sutura; e observação. Logo, ao se pensar em quedas de pessoas há de ter-se em mente que um corpo desliza ou vai ao chão, devido a uma falta de sustentação do mesmo, decorrente de alguma situação intrínseca ao indivíduo ou devido a fatores externos que contribuem para que a pessoa deixe seu estado de \"equilíbrio postural\". Assim, este estudo proporcionou ter uma visão ampla sobre a diferentes contextos inerentes às quedas de pacientes hospitalizados, a fim de se conseguir desenvolver ações preventivas custo-efetivas e que proporcione uma assistência de qualidade aos indivíduos assistidos em instituições hospitalares / Cases of professionals committing iatrogenic regarding medication errors, cutaneous lesions in customers by cutting material, among others, shown in television media, often with underage people, such as children, in general cause greatly impact and empathy for society. Of these adverse events, patient falls are one of the most reported injuries among which are included in the safety of the patient. Thus, this study aimed to apply an integrative review methodology to identify studies development about the topic of falls and / or accidents from falls of patients in hospital. The integrative review included six stages, whereas the fifth step (interpretation or integration of results) seven levels of evidence were used to classify the studies. Was held in Cochrane and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) libraries in the following databases: Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), EMBASE (Excerpta Medica Database), Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS), PubMed (U.S. National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health), Scopus and Web of Science, referring to publications made the years 2002-2012, with descriptors / keywords used contemplated the falls terms, patients and hospitals in different search strategies. The initial selection included 33,280 articles, which after applied the inclusion and exclusion criteria resulted in a sample of 220 articles. Of the total articles, levels of evidence based on the types of studies, corresponding to the total number of articles of the present study were the II, III, IV and VI, corresponding to 10%, 0.9 %, 39.1% and 50%, respectively. Thus, descriptive studies were most present; followed the cohort, case-control and quasi- experimental, randomized controlled clinical trials, and well-designed clinical trials without randomization, respectively. It was also possible to verify the levels of evidence related to the themes of the characteristics / etiologies / risk factors and falls prevention, and post- falls conducts followed the same sequence of those with higher incidence in this study (level VI) to the lowest incidence (level III). The findings relating to the characteristics / etiologies / risk factors related to falls of hospitalized patients were distributed into 14 sub-themes, totaling 24 items, which contemplated the findings that were associated with the topic. Regarding preventive measures, it was found 19 findings, including programs for the prevention of falls; tools / risk assessment of falls; guidelines / interventions, human resources / labor dynamics, companion / sitter / volunteers; assessment scales of functionality (activities of daily living / dependency care) and motor function, call light, and nursing care. In addition to that, of 14 behaviors post- falls reported in the articles, the most present were radiographs, medication administration / analgesia, medical / expert review; simple curative / suturing, and observation. Therefore, when thinking about people\'s falls be borne in mind that a body slides or goes down due to a lack of support of itself, due to some intrinsic situation to the individual or due to external factors that contribute to person to leave their state of \"postural balance\". Thus, this study provided take a broad view on the different contexts inherent to inpatients falls in order to can develop cost-effective preventive actions that provides quality care to individuals assisted in hospitals

The clinical practice problems addressed by the DNP project were the low patient satisfaction scores and the high number of falls on a hospital neurological step-down unit. The purpose of this project was to improve the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems score on one patient satisfaction question and decrease the number of patient falls by implementing hourly rounding, using a script related to patient comfort and toileting needs. The scripted questions were expected to increase the satisfaction of patients and decrease unassisted falls due to increased attention to patient pain and positioning and timely help with toileting and retrieving personal items. The project was guided by Rosswurm and Larrabee's change model and facilitated by the plan, do, study, act model for rapid change. The satisfaction scores on the survey question 'I received help as soon as wanted' and the number of falls were compared before and after hourly rounding with scripting was introduced. During the 3 months of the project, the average monthly number of falls increased from 3 to 3.6 and changes in the patient satisfaction score were within upper and lower control limits indicating normal variation in the process. These findings indicated that barriers to the change on the unit need to be examined further and another short-term, rapid change cycle initiated to meet or exceed the national benchmarks for patient satisfaction and falls incidence. The project may inform quality improvement efforts at other hospitals and assist in social change by increasing scripted communication between nursing staff and patients to ensure that patients' needs (pain, positioning, pottying, and proximity of personal items) are addressed during each hourly rounding encounter.

Falls are the most frequently reported incidents among hospitalized patients in the United States with at least 4 falls per 1,000 patient days occurring annually. Falls are related to high rates of mortality and morbidity and high hospital costs. The purpose of this project was to evaluate a fall prevention quality initiative to reduce falls in an acute care facility by educating staff on an evidence-based fall prevention protocol. The project sought to explore whether implementation of an evidence-based fall prevention initiative in educating nurses would affect the nurses’ professional knowledge and the number of patient fall incidences in the cardiac care unit. The theoretical framework supporting this project was Neuman’s systems theory. The Iowa model was used to guide this evidence-based project. An educational session was implemented to increase nurses’ awareness of fall prevention practices. Two sets of data were collected: the pretest and posttest results, and the number of falls on the unit. A total of 21 unit nurses participated in the pretest; 18 (86.0%) completed the posttest. The mean score on the pretest was 81.62%; the mean score was 85.89% for the posttest with a mean difference of 4.27%. A paired sample t-test revealed no statistically significant differences in scores after education. This project has implications for social change by supporting patient safety, decreased hospital stays, and reduced health care expenses to patients and health care organizations.