The advent of industry 4.0 has not only brought innovation and automation with it but also new challenges. Automation in industrial settings is advancing at a rapid pace, thus making the modern industrial workplace all the more stimulating. Highly automated robots and machines work alongside humans in settings that seemed fictional some years ago. However, the shift to a smart industry has brought about certain safety concerns regarding whether the current safety systems can keep up with this ever-changing environment. Emergency stop buttons have long been the industry standard when it comes to classic safety precautions. Nevertheless, researchers examine several possibilities on how they can upgrade the already established safety systems. One such practice is to incorporate visibility as part of an emergency safety system. There has already been a proposal to use 2D visibility as an emergency safety protocol which has shown encouraging results. Thus, making a 3D approach as the logical next step. In this thesis work, a 3D visibility emergency stop system is presented, implemented,and tested. To begin with, a small review of how other researchers have tried to solve similar problems is done. Furthermore, several 3D graphics techniques used in the project are introduced and briefly analysed. Then, the implementation of the project is presented, breaking down each component. After the implementation is completed, several tests that aim to profile the program are performed and examined. In addition, the project is compared to the 2D solution that has already been proposed. The findings from the testing show that a 3D visibility approach is a viable and favourable option. The results reveal a promising outcome when it comes to object visibility as well as response swiftness.

Many companies over the years have been working with enhancing the visual effect of monitors and television with 3D glasses and such. There is a new form of 3D viewing right now; Spatial View is the one I know most about. Their technology includes a barrier panel technology which aligns the right and left eye simultaneously giving the person looking at the monitor a 3D viewing. Spatial View has developed an API that can be easily included in games and rendering applications to enable this 3D visualization and this thesis is about the computer performance cost. The API works in such a way that it takes 5 images of the current scene the camera is looking at in the game or rendering application and interlace them together to produce 1 image to be displayed on screen. Combining this with the monitor technique gives the visual effect. The 5 different camera angles that are produced can be a strain on the performance, meaning that the rendering API in this case Direct3D 9.0c has to render everything 5 times each frame. This can slow down the frame rate of the game, which is very important for the game to run smoothly. This thesis main focus is to understand the correlation between the number of camera angles and rendering time for Direct3D 9.0c, is it linear or exponential. By having access to Spatial View’s Direct3D 9.0c API, I was able to construct a test application which could answer the hypothesis. Six tests were used to investigate this with different numbers of camera angle to see the impact on rendering time. Using one, two and five camera angles for the test with large cubes (big enough to almost cover the screen) and small cubes (almost small enough to not see). After seeing the rendering time and understanding the API from Spatial View’s, a theory about reducing the rendering time arose. This theory will be explained throughout the thesis and discussed; it includes using Direct3D 10.0 with geometry instancing.

Comparison between GPU and CPU particle systems.Computer games have used particle systems for visualeffects such as weather, smoke, fog, etc and it’s relatively low costto implement. There are a mixture of different techniques usedto render particle systems, usually CPU heavy implementationsor a GPU based one.In this study we developed two rendering techniques for aparticle system, instancing and stream-out, and compare theirperformance. As almost as expected we saw that the stream-outtechnique that is GPU based outperformed instancing when wetested using none intractable particle systems. We have furthereddiscussed both advantages and disadvantages in other scenarios.

This thesis deals with the development of benchmark application for the OpenGL ES 3.0 devices using the realistic real-time rendering of 3D scenes. The first part covers the history and new features of the OpenGL ES 3.0 graphics library. Next part briefly describes selected algorithms for the realistic real-time rendering of 3D scenes which can be implemented using the new features of the discussed library. The design of benchmark application is covered next, including the design of online result database containing detailed device specifications. The last part covers implementation on Android and Windows platforms and the testing on mobile devices after publishing the application on Google Play. Finally, the results and possibilites of further development are discussed.

This paper deals with problem of procedurally generated city. There are described steps of creation of city. These steps are: road generation, extraction of minimal cycles in graph, division of lots and generation of buildings. Road and buildings are generated by L-system. Our system generate a city from input images, such as height map, map of population density and map of water areas. Proposed approaches are used for implementation of application for generation of city.