[pt] O estudo individualizado da mortalidade em planos de previdência e de seguros de vida é um assunto de crescente interesse tanto por parte das seguradoras quanto do órgão regulador destes segmentos, a Superintendência de Seguros Privados – SUSEP. Neste sentido, o LABMA/UFRJ calculou tábuas de referência para o mercado segurador, segregadas por sexo e cobertura, utilizando informações sobre 80% dos segurados das companhias seguradoras que atuam no Brasil. A teoria econômica prediz que existe um viés nas saídas dos planos com cobertura por sobrevivência e por morte, o que ocasiona uma diferença nas taxas de mortalidades entre o subgrupo que abandona seus planos e o grupo remanescente, e que esta diferença é variável no tempo, dependendo do número de anos decorrido desde que o indivíduo deixou o plano: assim como as tábuas seletas convergem para uma situação geral, a hipótese é a de que, passado algum tempo, a mortalidade dos indivíduos que saíram do plano converge para o mesmo nível dos que ficaram. Valendo-nos da mesma base de dados utilizada pelo LABMA/UFRJ para a construção das tábuas de referência para o mercado segurador, bem como da base de dados de registro de óbitos da previdência social, o objetivo dessa dissertação é a verificação da existência de seleção adversa nas saídas dos planos com cobertura por sobrevivência ou morte por meio da construção de tábuas seletas de mortalidade para os indivíduos que abandonam seus planos. / [en] The study of mortality in individual pension plans and life insurance is a subject of growing interest both for insurers as well as for the regulator of these segments, the Superintendence of Private Insurance - SUSEP. In this sense, LABMA/UFRJ calculated mortality tables used as a reference for the insurance market, segregated by sex and coverage, using information covering 80% of the insured population originated from insurance companies operating in Brazil. Economic theory predicts that there is a bias on the outputs of plans with coverage for survival and death, which causes a difference in rates of mortality among those who quit the plan and the remaining group. This difference varies over time, depending on the time lag since the individual quit the plan: as select tables converge to the general level, the assumption here is that after some time, the mortality of individuals who left the plan converges to the same level of those who remained. Based on the same database used by LABMA/UFRJ for the construction of tables of reference for the insurance market as well as the database of deaths from the Social Security Administration, the goal of this study is to test the existence of adverse selection on the outputs of the plans with coverage for survival or death by means of constructing select mortality tables for individuals who quit their plans.

O objetivo deste trabalho é estimar a distribuição conjunta do risco e da aversão ao risco no mercado de seguros de automóveis. Para tal, será utilizado o modelo estrutural proposto por Cohen e Einav (2007), que permite identificar esta distribuição à partir das coberturas escolhidas pelos segurados e dos sinistros declarados. Na metodologia empírica, utilizamos o método de Monte Carlo via Cadeias de Markov (MCMC). A base de dados utilizada se refere à apólices de seguros transacionadas na região metropolitana de São Paulo, apenas para a seguradora com maior participação neste mercado. Os resultados obtidos indicam que os coeficientes de aversão ao risco absoluto apresentam média baixa, mediana ainda menor e elevada heterogeneidade não observada. Observou-se também uma correlação negativa entre o risco e a aversão ao risco. / This study aims to estimate the distribution of risk aversion from the car insurance market. For this, the method proposed by Cohen e Einav (2007) model that allows unobserved risk is used. The data refer to the metropolitan area of São Paulo with an analysis restricted to only one insurer. The methodology will be the Gibbs sampling which enables increased data risk of latent variables and risk aversion. The results indicate a small mean level of absolute risk aversion and even lower median, featuring high dispersion coefficients.

The thesis focuses on the analysis of the position and strategy of Česká pojišťovna a.s. in the Czech and Romanian market. At the beginning the company Česká pojišťovna is introduced followed by a description of the current strategy whose part is a definition of marketing mix as well and then by the analysis of Czech insurance market from which the position of Česká pojišťovna in the Czech republic arises. At the close of these chapters an evaluation of activities of Česká pojišťovna in the Czech insurance market was performed including proposed recommendations on the improvement. Next parts of the thesis are already dedicated to Romania. Specifics of the entrepreneurial environment are summarized in the PEST analysis followed by Romanian insurance market analysis completed with information regarding the entry of the company in this market and evaluation of its activities in Romania. As the thesis was written during an economic crisis, it includes an identification of its impacts on both the company and above mentioned markets, namely in the economic sphere and incurance sector as well.

The thesis aims to bring readers from life insurance concepts, types of insurance through the methodology of calculating the premium performance products to selected insurance companies. Users gain basic information about insurance and the theory of premium calculation mathematical and statistical tools, including performance factors influencing insurance. The reader is also acquainted with significant legislative change that greatly impressed by the amount of premiums through a "unisex" mortality tables. After the initial acquisition of knowledge is a few model examples shown calculate premiums, including pointing out the diversity of the premium for men and women before and after the introduction of a new legislative act. The main contribution of this work is the creation of a universal and flexible premium calculator via MS Excel. Users will eventually learn to work with selected insurance companies and their product offerings with the development of the insurance market. The work comes to the conclusion that the insurance in case of death or mixed insurance discriminated against a woman, while for insurance on survival or delayed expectancy is at a disadvantage man. And also that the insurance market offers a wide range of life insurance products, the client may therefore choose a specific insurance product, which he will be tailor-made.

Diploma thesis deals with the insurance market Lloyd's of London. The main aim is to give a complex view on this specific subject on the insurance and reinsurance market, its history and market position. The work also contains a description of structure of the market, Corporation and capital, an overview of laws that involve Lloyd's market and also plans to expand its scope. Part of the work is focused on the development of a regulatory system in United Kingdom, the European Union and their impact on the market.

The subject of thesis is a summary description and consecutive evaluation of development of Unit Linked Insurance Plan in the Czech Republic. The work is mainly focused on the characteristics of the ULIP, its development and the current offer of this product. Part of the thesis is also a comparision of selected products of ULIP with alternative options, that are currently provided on the financial market in the Czech Republic there. In the final chapter there is evaluated the advantageousness of this product by stating the positives and negatives that offers this product.

The aim of this thesis is to analyze the insurance market in Ukraine and to compare its individual parts with selected insurance markets in the European Union. This thesis consists of a theoretical part, which contains the characteristics of the insurance market in Ukraine and the definition of insurance market participants and the practical part, which is a detailed analysis of the indicators of insurance markets in Ukraine and selected European Union countries. It also describes the regulation system of selected insurance markets, health insurance in selected countries and investment insurance market of Ukraine, including the definition of the factors that limit its development. Within the basic aim of this work was realized several objectives: analysis of the problems of Ukrainian insurance market, identifying the factors that have an impact on the insurance market of Ukraine, making a suggestion of variants to improve the insurance market and improve conditions for the operation on the insurance market of Ukraine.

The diploma thesis deals with one of the oldest world's providers of unique insurance coverage Lloyd's of London. The thesis presents date information, the influence of past events as well as possible future tendencies. Introduction part is focused on the evaluation of the UK insurance market and emphasis is placed primarily on separate position of Lloyd's. The second chapter is devoted to actual character of Lloyd's, which is very specific. It describes the substance of its operation, the principles of capital security and a wide range of insurance. The thesis also responds to the last 25 years, which was for Lloyd's period of many catastrophic events, changes and innovations that have had a major impact on the system of regulation and structure of its members. The final section contains information about future development.

The life insurance is an integral part of financial market, although changing its importance during the development. This thesis aims to carry out a research focused on the approach and attitude of the Czech population to the life insurance and its resulting analysis. The research was conducted through a questionnaire survey effected on an independent sample of the Czech population in the number of 185 respondents and a case study MetLife insurance company. The thesis does not neglect the theoretical background, current trends in the life insurance and the future prognosis. The results of analysis refer to the dependence of approach to the life insurance on the factors of age, the number of household members, the actual amount of outstanding liabilities and the gross monthly income. The lack of knowledge of respondents on the profitability, the risk and the liquidity of their life insurance policies and its dependence on the factor of achieved education were proved. In the case of a higher number of concluded life insurance contracts they diversify the risk and use different insurers. It also came out that the life insurance has recently kept losing its original meaning in the sense of risk instrument and is perceived still more as a savings and an invesment instrument. Although the current approach is not the rational reasoning, I continue to assume the increasing importance of unit linked life insurance.

This diploma thesis analyses problems connected with motor insurance of the company Česká pojišťovna a.s. and contains the project to improvement the offer of this product in order to be competitive and corresponding to the requirements of client.