While Western science education has always been ubiquitous in the Canadian educational system and society, many researchers have recognized the scientific and educational values of Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK). This study aims to contribute to the understanding of TEK and the integration of TEK into science curricula. The prevalence and representation of TEK in grades 7 and 8 official science curriculum documents used in Canada were examined. To describe TEK in the documents, both quantitative and qualitative content analyses were conducted. The results show the high variation of the prevalence and representations of TEK. Overall, Nunavut and Saskatchewan show the highest prevalence and representation of TEK in their curriculum documents, which could establish a benchmark for developing a national learning framework for integrating TEK.

Many in the Christian tradition accept three theological affirmations: (TA1) That bodily resurrection is not a superfluous hope of afterlife; (TA2) There is immediate post-mortem existence in Paradise; and (TA3) There is numerical identity between pre-mortem and post-resurrection human beings. Many of the same Christians also accept a robust doctrine of The Intermediate State, a paradisiacal disembodied state of existence following the biological death of a human person. I say The Intermediate State makes TAs 1 – 3 an inconsistent set. So, given these TAs, I say that there is no such thing as The Intermediate State and, therefore, it should be jettisoned from Christian theology. Chapter 1 aims to show that, if the TAs are true, Christian theology should jettison The Intermediate State. This is because The Intermediate State specifically undermines TA1. Along with The Intermediate State, Christian theologians should jettison the metaphysics of substance dualism. This is because substance dualism, a metaphysics that The Intermediate State requires, is either false or unmotivated. Substance dualism is false because, minimally, it conflicts with an argument St. Paul lays out in 1 Corinthians 15. And, even if it did not, it lacks motivation for Christian theology because there is no The Intermediate State. In Chapter 1, I advance theological arguments along these lines. If the arguments go through, Christian theology needs a way coherently to speak about afterlife that does not make use of these errant views. If TAs 1 – 3 are true, substance dualism is either false or unmotivated, and The Intermediate State does not obtain, Christian theology requires an amended metaphysics of human persons and an amended metaphysics of time. I attempt to offer such things in Chapters 2 – 5. Chapters 2 and 3 are given over to investigating physicalist and constitution metaphysics of human persons. I find the range of views wanting for a number of philosophical and theological reasons. Chapter 4 is an explication and defense of a hylemorphic metaphysics of human persons and a sustained argument against some leading hylemorphic conceptions that insist the soul of a biologically dead human person can survive the death of the body. Lastly, Chapter 5 offers a theory of time that completes the project’s goal: a coherent metaphysics within which a human person’s death is immediately followed by her eschatological (future) bodily resurrection so that the three TAs are an affirmed and consistent set.

Student Number : 0000713F - PhD thesis - School of Physics - Faculty of Science / The Doppler shift and the Doppler broadening of prompt gamma emissions were measured for some residues formed in the interaction of 33 A MeV 12C ions with a 63Cu target using the AFRODITE detector array at Faure, Cape Town. This is a potentially new technique to carry out nuclear interaction studies. Coincident gamma rays emitted by the residues are used in their identification. Detection at angles other than 90◦ with respect to the beam axis gives the magnitude of the mean Doppler shifts and the average linear momentum transfer. The Doppler broadening of the detected gamma lines at 90 ◦ with respect to the beam axis could give the residue recoil angular distribution. The precise shapes of the Doppler shifted and broadened gamma lines for each of the residues extracted, reveals the distribution, in magnitude and angle, of the momentum transferred in the interaction process. In addition, characteristic gamma energy transitions of each residue populated carry additional information on angular momentum (spin) transfer, production cross-section and nuclear excitation states. The measured residues show a unique distribution of momentum ranging from single nucleon transfer to complete damping of the projectile momentum. The measured observables are consistent with the existing data from other techniques, making the new technique viable option for studying nuclear interaction kinematics. A comparison of the experimental measurements with the predictions of the model developed in Milano 1 and GEANT4 calculations shows that the model developed in Milano model give a much better agreement compared to the GEANT4 calculations, attributed to the assumption of projectile break-up and re-emission process of some of the fragments during the first step of the nuclear interaction process.

Thesis advisor: Susanto Basu / Thesis advisor: Fabio Ghironi / Empirical studies highlight that countries that trade intermediate goods exhibit more synchronized business cycles. This positive correlation raises the question of causality. Traditional theoretical mechanisms propose the direction where higher bilateral trade in intermediate goods causes increased business cycle correlations. However, the data shows that trade is positively correlated with comovements in GDP as well as total factor productivity (TFP) and the current work in the literature explains only the first relation. I build a small open economy model that makes two contributions -- first, it predicts both positive correlations as seen in the data. Second, it explains potential causality in the reverse direction, i.e. countries might choose trade partners based on the properties of their business cycles. Specifically, the model predicts that when the elasticity of substitution between domestic capital and intermediate imports is low, i.e. the country is constrained by domestic technology, there is greater benefit from trading with a positively correlated source and self-insuring through capital accumulation. I provide empirical evidence of this condition in the data by estimating the elasticity of substitution between capital and intermediates by industry using a panel of countries. We use annual time series data and filtering methods to document the key statistics of the India business cycle. Output, consumption and investment are more volatile than in developed economies. Like in developed countries, consumption is less volatile and investment is more volatile than output in the Indian data. Unlike in the former, investment is not highly correlated with output. We test whether a standard real business cycle model with technology and fiscal shocks, with parameters calibrated for the Indian economy can replicate the features of the business cycle. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2011. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Economics.

One of the most important tools to study the geometry of irreducible holomorphic symplectic manifolds is the monodromy group. The first part of this dissertation concerns the construction and studyof monodromy operators on irreducible holomorphic symplectic manifolds which are deformation equivalent to the 10-dimensional example constructed by O'Grady. The second part uses the knowledge of the monodromy group to compute the number of connected components of moduli spaces of bothmarked and polarised irreducible holomorphic symplectic manifolds which are deformationequivalent to generalised Kummer varieties.

The model of rejuvenation of a near-solidus crystal mush to produce large volumes of crystal-rich magma is tested here by analyzing the mineralogical, chemical, modal, and physical characteristics of the 31.1 Ma super-eruptive (2000 km3) Cottonwood Wash Tuff. It is the oldest in a series of three so-called "monotonous intermediate" ignimbrites from the Indian Peak-Caliente volcanic field in southern Utah and Nevada. A crystal-rich (~50% Pl > Qz ≈ Hbl ≈ Bt > Mag ≈ Ilm > Cpx + Zrn + Ap+ Po) dacite (62 - 69 wt% SiO2), the Cottonwood Wash Tuff is similar in age, volume, mineralogy, crystallinity, and elemental composition to the 28.0 Ma, ~5000 km3 Fish Canyon Tuff (~45% Pl + Kfs + Qz + Hbl + Bt + Ttn + Mag + Ilm + Ap + Zrn + Po, 66 - 68 wt% SiO2), used as the basis of the rejuvenation model, which suggests that magma chambers remain in a near-solidus state until a late heating event melts the magma enough to allow eruption. The Cottonwood Wash magma chamber was compositionally varied, as shown by the composition of mineral and juvenile clast compositions. Most of the whole-rock compositional variations are likely due to the variation of mineral proportions induced by shear in the magma chamber. A volumetrically minor component with evolved mineral compositionss, is represented by "evolved" juvenile clasts. Mineral compositions and experimental phase relationships show the pre-eruption magma crystallized at 800°C, 2.3 kb under water-undersaturated but oxidized conditions (delta QFM = 2.1). The majority of plagioclase and amphibole grains exhibit small-scale oscillatory zonation; where systematic compositional zonation exists, normal and reverse zonation are equally present. Cathodoluminescence of quartz reveals typically normally zoned phenocrysts with late resorption, considered to be the result of eruptive decompression. Many of the characteristics used to identify the warming of a near-solidus mush for the Fish Canyon Tuff are not present in the Cottonwood Wash Tuff [i.e., reversely zoned hornblende or plagioclase, partially remelted mineral aggregates, evidence of fluid saturation, resorption textures not related to decompression, rapakivi mantles, and hybrid andesite inclusions]. The Cottonwood Wash Tuff magma system did not undergo rejuvenation from a near-solidus state. Instead, the magma was apparently cooling and crystallizing just prior to eruption.

No description available.

This study sought to build on existing research in the areas of student extracurricular activity participation, school identification, and improvement of student achievement. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of extracurricular activity participation and school identification upon one another and their combined and individual contributions to the goal of student achievement.;The study was conducted using archival data from the 2009-2010 school year along with data from a survey that target extracurricular activity participation and school identification. Data were analyzed for a sample of 314 students out of a population of over 900 in Grades 6, 7, and 8 from two different middle schools. Students were given a survey at the start of the 2010-2011 school year, after being promoted to Grades 7, 8, and 9. The survey results provided the researcher with a school identification and extracurricular activity participation score for each student. These scores were compared to achievement data comprising the end-of-year grade point average and the mathematics and reading Virginia Standards of Learning scaled scores.;The results of the study indicated that there was a mild relationship between students' participation in extracurricular activities and their identification with their school. The findings revealed no significant relationships between students' participation in extracurricular activities and any of the achievement measures, or between student school identification and academic achievement.

Genome-wide association (GWA) studies have been successfully applied in detection of susceptibility loci for complex diseases, but most of the identified variants have a large to moderate effect, and explain only a limited proportion of the heritability of the diseases. It is believed that the majority of the latent risk alleles have very small risk effects that are difficult to be identified and GWA study may have inadequate power in dealing with those small effect variants. Researchers will often collect other phenotypic information in addition to disease status to maximize the output from the study. Some of the phenotypes can be on the pathway to the disease, i.e., intermediate phenotype. Statistical methods based on both the disease status and intermediate phenotype should be more powerful than a case-control study as it incorporates more information. Meta-analysis has been used in genetic association analysis for many years to combine information from multiple populations, but never been used in a single population GWA study. In this study, simulations were conducted and the results show that when an intermediate phenotype is available, the meta-analysis incorporating the disease status and intermediate phenotype information from a single population has more power than a case-control study only in GWA study of complex diseases, especially for identification of those loci that have a very small effect. And compared with Fisher's method, the modified inverse variance weighted meta-analysis method is more robust as it is more powerful and has a lower type I error rate at the same time, which provides a potent approach in detecting the susceptibility loci associated with complex diseases, especially for those latent loci whose effect are very small. In the meta-analysis of lung cancer with smoking data, the results replicate the signal in \emph{CHRNA3} and \emph{CHRNA5} genes on chromosome 15q25. Some new signals in \emph{CYP2F1} on chromosome 19, \emph{SUMF1} on chromosome 3, and \emph{ARHGAP10} on chromosome 4 are also detected. And the \emph{CYP2F1} gene, close to the already known cigarette-induced lung cancer gene \emph{CYP2A6}, is highly possible another cytochrome P450 (CYP) gene that is related to the smoking-involved lung cancer. The meta-analysis of rheumatoid arthritis with anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) data identified new signals on 9q24 and 16q12. There are evidences these two regions are involved in other autoimmune diseases and different autoimmune/inflammatory diseases may share same genetic susceptibility loci. Both the theoretical and empirical studies show that the modified variance weighted meta-analysis method is a robust method and is a potent approach in detecting the susceptibility loci associated with complex diseases when an intermediate phenotype is available.

Central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) are responsible for 100,000 patient deaths per year, creating a critical need for prevention of these deadly infections that occur with central venous lines (CVLs). Alternative forms of IV access such as midline catheters (MLCs) may offer lower rates of infection than those seen with CVLs. MLCs were implemented at the practice setting in 2016; however, no evaluation of their effectiveness had been conducted. The purpose of this project was to evaluate the effectiveness of MLCs using a retrospective, pre- post- comparison of CLABSI rates and device utilization rates (DUR) obtained from the practice setting before and after implementation of MLCs. Infection control and Lewin's change theories were used to provide a foundation for the project. This retrospective, pre-post comparison of CLABSI and DUR 6 months before and after introduction of MLCs sought to determine if MLC use affected either rate. Results of a Wilcoxon signed-rank test showed no statistical differences (p > .05) in CLABSI rates and DUR when comparing the rates from the specified 6 month periods. A secondary purpose was to identify the characteristics and conditions in which MLCs were used. Patients with cardiovascular, neuro, and infection diagnoses constituted 43% of the 262 MLC placements. No statistically significant improvement in infection rates was demonstrated by this project; however, these findings illuminate the types of patients or conditions where MLCs are a viable alternative for IV access, and this knowledge may assist providers in options for patient care. This project promotes positive social change by raising awareness of potential strategies for reducing infections in patients when they are at their most vulnerable.