Submitted by admin tede (tede@pucgoias.edu.br) on 2018-08-23T14:48:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Patrícia Regina da Silva Zaluski.pdf: 1284798 bytes, checksum: 2ae114d5a9bdb1ae65916591abc56a0d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-23T14:48:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Patrícia Regina da Silva Zaluski.pdf: 1284798 bytes, checksum: 2ae114d5a9bdb1ae65916591abc56a0d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-08 / The traditional logistics seeks reduction of costs with greater efficiency in the service, attending to the dimensions of performance speed, flexibility and cost. When the sustainability theme is inserted into logistics management, there are emerging analyzes of atmospheric CO2 emissions and their cost impacts on transportation modes. In this context, the main objective of this research was to analyze the efficiency of the modal arrangements of the outflow of soybeans produced in Brazil for export, and CO2 emissions for an intermodal transport network of soybeans exported in Brazil. The emission estimate was calculated based on the adapted formula of ANTT (2014a; 2014b) reports, which followed methodologies presented by the IPCC and MCTI (2010). The method consists in the estimation of emissions by consumption factor of diesel oil, considering the tonnage transported in TKU. The results obtained show the best export routes for soybeans, considering freight costs and CO2 emissions. The Brazilian logistics infrastructure needs investments in the construction of new terminals, in order to favor the use of intermodality. The road mode still has lower logistics costs and holds greater supply and availability in the market, in contrast, intermodality has the best performance in reducing emissions. / A logística tradicional busca redução de custos com maior eficiência no serviço, atendendo às dimensões de desempenho velocidade, flexibilidade e custo. Quando o tema sustentabilidade é inserido à gestão logística, emergem análises sobre as emissões atmosféricas de CO2 e seus impactos em termos de custos nos modais de transporte. Nesse contexto, o objetivo central desta pesquisa foi analisar a eficiência dos arranjos modais de escoamento da soja produzida no Brasil destinada à exportação, e de emissões de CO2 para uma rede de transporte intermodal da soja de exportação no Brasil. A estimativa de emissões foi calculada com base na fórmula adaptada de relatórios da ANTT (2014a; 2014b), que seguiu metodologias apresentadas pelo IPCC e MCTI (2010). O método consiste na estimação de emissões por fator de consumo de óleo diesel, considerando a tonelagem transportada em TKU. Os resultados obtidos apresentam as melhores rotas de escoamento da soja de exportação, considerando os custos de frete e emissões de CO2. A infraestrutura logística brasileira carece de investimentos na construção de novos terminais, de modo a favorecer o uso da intermodalidade. O modo rodoviário ainda possui menores custos logísticos e detém maior oferta e disponibilidade no mercado, em contrapartida, a intermodalidade possui os melhores desempenhos em redução de emissões.

Addis-Abeba, qui s’étend sur 540 km2 et compte 3,1 millions d’habitants, connait aujourd’hui des transformations socio-économiques et spatiales rapides. Elle n’est pas seulement le coeur politique, commercial, économique et financier du pays mais aussi une ville internationale accueillant le siège de l’Union africaine et d’autres institutions internationales. Comme d’autres villes africaines, elle connait un rythme élevé d’urbanisation. Ce processus a impliqué la croissance du nombre d’habitants mais aussi une extension spatiale accrue. En conséquence, la demande de déplacements et la longueur des parcours ont augmenté. Le transport joue ainsi un rôle clé, pesant sur le développement socio-économique et la configuration de l’espace urbain. Tout aussi important, en tant que demande dérivée, il joue sur la capacité des citadins à accomplir leurs diverses activités. La motorisation des ménages restant faible en dépit d’une lente progression, le transport public constitue le principal moyen d’accès à une mobilité motorisée pour la majorité de la population. L’offre est constituée d’une multitude d’opérateurs formels et informels, travaillant selon un schéma artisanal. On estime à plus de 18 000 les véhicules de transport public, la plupart de faible capacité, qui parcourent chaque jour les rues d’Addis-Abeba. En dépit de son importance, le transport public souffre de capacités d’investissement insuffisantes ainsi que, jusqu’à récemment, du manque d’une politique publique claire et affirmée. Il pâtit également de l’absence d’une approche intégrée, pour sa planification, sa gestion et sa mise en oeuvre. De nombreuses villes du Nord, parfois depuis près d’un demi-siècle, ont choisi de construire un service intégré de transport public. L’intégration y est vue comme un outil viable pour offrir un transport urbain de haute qualité et « sans couture », permettant un développement urbain durable. Par contre, les villes africaines, caractérisées par une urbanisation rapide, des taux d’équipement automobile faibles, un système de transport public déficient et des contraintes financières majeures manquent de telles expériences d’intégration du transport public. Notre question est donc : « Comment les villes africaines peuvent-elles reproduire et mettre en oeuvre des politiques d’intégration du transport public ? », originellement développées dans les villes du Nord. La thèse essaie d’apporter des éléments de réponse à cette question. Elle s’appuie sur une analyse des différentes formes d’intégration du transport public. Puis elle propose un schéma de conception et de mise en oeuvre d’un système de transport public intégré, appréhendé comme un outil de mobilité urbaine durable pour Addis-Abeba. / Addis Ababa, with an area of 540 km2 and with population of 3.1 million people is experiencing a rapid pace of socio-economic and physical transformation. The city is not only the political, commercial, economic and financial hub of the country but also an international city serving as the seat of the African Union and various international organizations. Alike many African Cities, Addis Ababa has been undergoing a high rate of urbanization. This process of rapid urbanization has resulted in the increase in the size of the population and the physical expansion of the city. As a consequence, travel demand and length of the trip are increasing. Transportation plays a key role in determining the socioeconomic development and shaping the spatial development framework of the city. Equally important, transportation as derived demand is also a fundamental means for residents to fulfill their various activities. In Addis Ababa motorization, although on the increase, is low and public transportation is the most important mode of motorized mobility for the large majority of the city’s population. There are various formal and informal operators of the public transport mainly operating on individual basis. It is estimated that there are over 18,000 public transport vehicles that are daily running in Addis Ababa, most of them low capacity vehicles. Despite its importance, the public transport sector not only suffers from shortage, insufficient capital investment, and until recently lack of clear governmental policy and leadership but also from the absence of integrated approach to its operation, planning and management.Many cities in the North have embarked on integrating the provision of public transportation for nearly half a century now. In these cities, integration in public transportation has been recommended as a viable instrument for providing high quality and seamless urban transport and enhancing sustainable urban development. African cities which are characterized by their high urbanization rate, low level of private car ownership, deficient public transportation system and significant financial constraints lack public transportation integration experiences. The question is then ‘how do African cities replicate and implement public transport integration practices?’ that have been originally developed for the Cities of the North. The thesis attempts to answer this question and analyses the different forms of public transport integration. It then proposes a framework for implementing integrated public transport as a sustainable means of urban mobility in Addis Ababa.