Thesis (M.M.S.) - Carleton University, 1993. / Also available in electronic format on the Internet.

The aim of the thesis is to Analyse exports of selected agricultural production of the Russian Federation to foreign markets. The analysis will be the basis for the design of management development activities to improve the export of this production.

The work deals with the comparison of the export promotion policy of the Czech Republic and Austria. The first chapter describes the development, structure of the international trade and export position of the Czech Republic and Austria and subsequently compares the importance of export in both countries. The second and the third chapter characterize the export promotion system in the Czech Republic and Austria. The chapters focus at first on the concept of export promotion in both countries, its main objectives, projects and results and then on the main institutions dealing with the export promotion and their main services. The fourth chapter evaluates and compares the export promotion in both countries as far as its main concept, institutions and services are concerned.

Diss. Göteborg : Univ., 2002.

nÃo hà / O Brasil e, particularmente, o Estado do Parà vem aumentando consideravelmente seus valores de exportaÃÃes de pimenta-do-reino, e consequentemente gerando divisas para o paÃs. Entretanto, pouco se sabe a respeito do grau de competitividade do estado do Parà em relaÃÃo aos outros estados produtores, bem como o grau de competitividade do Brasil em relaÃÃo aos outros paÃses produtores. Para tanto, procurou-se identificar qual o desempenho competitivo do Parà em relaÃÃo aos outros estados produtores e consequentemente do Brasil em relaÃÃo a seus concorrentes nesse segmento. Para atingir esta proposta foram traÃados os seguintes objetivos: analisar a competitividade das exportaÃÃes de pimenta-do-reino do Parà e do Brasil no perÃodo de 1997 a 2007 e apresentar as principais conclusÃes e perspectivas de comÃrcio. A anÃlise foi baseada no conceito de competitividade compreendida como: capacidade de uma empresa ou paÃs permanecer no mercado atravÃs de uma posiÃÃo competitiva criada para um produto ou grupo de produtos, sendo essa, fruto de estratÃgias capazes de manter ou elevar eficientemente a posiÃÃo competitiva no comÃrcio internacional. A metodologia utilizada baseou-se na anÃlise tabular descritiva e no cÃlculo de indicadores de desempenho das exportaÃÃes: Vantagem Comparativa Revelada (VCR); Taxa de Cobertura (TC); Intensidade de ComÃrcio (IC) e PosiÃÃo no Mercado Mundial (Sik). Os resultados demonstram que tanto o estado do Parà quanto o Brasil foram competitivos no comÃrcio internacional de pimenta-do-reino durante todo o perÃodo analisado, onde apresentaram VCR e TC superiores a unidade, indicando, assim, eficiÃncia e dinamismo comercial. A anÃlise do Ãndice de Intensidade de ComÃrcio (IC) demonstrou que as maiores tendÃncias de comÃrcio bilateral do estado do Parà foram, pela ordem de importÃncia, com a Argentina, MÃxico e Espanha e para o Brasil, tambÃm em respectiva ordem de importÃncia, foram: Argentina, Espanha e MÃxico. Pelo indicador de PosiÃÃo no Mercado Mundial (Sik), constatou-se que apenas o Vietnà e o Brasil apresentaram ganhos de mercado ao longo de todo perÃodo estudado. Apesar de o Vietnà ter absorvido grande parte da fatia de mercado mundial ao longo desses Ãltimos 10 (dez) anos, o Brasil tambÃm conquistou uma pequena parte desse mercado, o que nos leva a crer que, com a incorporaÃÃo de tecnologias voltadas para a produÃÃo qualitativa da pimenta-doreino, juntamente com uma elaboraÃÃo de um plano de marketing sistemÃtico, o Brasil se tornarà mais competitivo e, consequentemente, terà condiÃÃes de ampliar consideravelmente a sua participaÃÃo no comÃrcio internacional dessa especiaria. / Brazil and particularly the state of Parà is increasing considerably its export values of black and white pepper and thus generating income for the country. However, little is known about the degree of competitiveness in the state of Parà in relation to other producing states as well as the degree of competitiveness of Brazil in relation to other producing countries. To understand this better we sought to identify the competitive performance of the state of Parà relative to the other producing states of Brazil and consequently in relation to its competitors in this segment. To achieve this proposal were outlined the following objectives: To analyze the competitiveness of black and white pepper from Parà and Brazil in the period between 1997 to 2007 and present the main conclusions and trade prospects. The analysis was based on the concept of competitiveness understood as: The ability of a company or country to stay in business through a competitive position created for a product or product group, and that the fruit of its strategies are capable of effectively maintaining or increasing efficiently its competitive position in the international market. The methodology used was based on descriptive tabular analysis and index calculation of export performance: Revealed Comparative Advantage (VCR); Coverage Rate (TC) Trade Intensity (IC) and Position in the World Market (Sik). The results showed that the state of Parà and the country as a whole were competitive in the international trade of black and white pepper during the period under investigation with the VCR and the TC above the standard index, indicating efficiency and commercial dynamism. The analysis of the Trade Intensity Index (IC) showed that the major trends in bilateral trade in the state of Parà were, in order of importance; Argentina, Mexico and Spain while for Brazil as a whole, also in order of importance were; Argentina, Spain and Mexico. According to the Position in the World Market index (Sik), it was found that only Vietnam and Brazil had market share gains throughout the entire period under study. Although Vietnam has absorbed much of the global market share over the last ten years, Brazil has also gained a small part of that market, which leads us to believe that with the adoption of technologies for quality production of black and white pepper together with the development of a systematic marketing plan, Brazil will ultimately become more competitive and will therefore be able to considerably expand its participation in international trade in this product.