International trade in exotic pets is an important and increasing driver of biodiversity loss. The African grey parrot has been noted as one of man's friendliest pets with popularity attributed to its intelligence, cognitive and communicative abilities. Worldwide, the African Grey Parrot is the third most commonly traded wild bird species. The subject of this thesis is an evaluation of international trade in the gray parrot (\kur{Psittacus erithacus}), covered by CITES convention to Appendix II, between European Union and third countries, according CITES Trade Database and EC Annual Report 2004 in 1994-2013. The trade has been divided into export and import, by the two existing subspecies, and within these categories were evaluated main countries of export and import, source and purpose of the trade. It was found, that the trend of import of live specimens to EU during the period 1994-2005 was increasing, although the trend between 2006-2013 was declining. The trend of export of live specimens was slightly increasing for the period 1994-2001 and 2006-2013.

Face aux nouveaux problèmes relatifs aux barrières environnementales de nos jours, l'OMC se trouve dans une situation embarrassante : d'une part, elle est largement considérée comme le "centre de gravité" du contrôle des barrières environnementales, d'autre part, il existe encore de grandes lacunes dans la régulation relative à la valeur environnementale au sein de l'OMC, ce qui mettrait en cause l'efficacité du droit de l'OMC dans cette régulation. Sans un contrôle efficace, le système du libre-échange risque de se dégrader. C'est la raison pour laquelle nous avons choisi de consacrer une étude comparative aux barrières environnementales au commerce international dans le cadre de l'OMC. Pour tenter de trouver des solutions aux problèmes qui se présentent aujourd'hui en matière de barrières environnementales, nous devons nous interroger sur deux questions majeures. D'une côté, les nouvelles barrières environnementales relatives au changement climatique dépassent le cadre de l'OMC, le droit actuel de l'OMC ne paraît pas en mesure de donner une réponse satisfaisante aux problèmes qui en résultent, et de l'autre, il existe un grand écart entre les pays développés et ceux en développement au niveau des barrières environnementales mises en place, ce qui provoque des déséquilibres dans le commerce international. Les analyse que nous avons effectuées dans cette étude portant à la fois sur les ACR et l'OMC nous permettent de conclure que l'OMC jour un rôle irremplaçable face aux problèmes de barrières environnementales, cela nous conduit à proposer des solutions permettant au droit de l'OMC de mieux concilier le commerce international et la protection de l'environnement à l'échelle mondial / Facing the new problems about the green trade barriers today, WTO is actually in an embarrassing situation : one side, it is widely considered as the ''center of gravity' 'for controlling the green trade barriers ; on the other side, there is still an important lacuna in the regulation of the environmental values in the WTO, which questions the effectiveness of WTO's law in this regulation of green trade barriers. Without the effective control, the free trade system takes a risk to be degraded. That's the reason why we undertake a study comparative on the subject of the green trade barriers in the framework of WTO. Attempting to find the solution of the problems related to green trade barriers, we have to ask two questions. One side, the new type of green trade barriers about the climate change beyond the capacity of WTO, the current law of WTO does not appear to give a satisfactory response to the resulting problems ; on the other side, there is a big gap between the green trade barriers set up by the developed countries and developing countries, which causes absolutely an imbalance in the international free trade. The analyse that we did in this study relating both to the regional trade agreements and WTO allow us to conclude the WTO plays an irreplaceable role in face of challenges of the green trade barriers today. This conclusion leads us to propose the solutions which may offer a better balance between the international trade and the environmental protection on a global scale