Innovation is fundamental to long-term business success in technology medium-sized enterprises (MSEs). The owner-CEO interrelationship is likely to set the culture and be an important influence on the enterprise innovation capability. Previous studies of the owner-CEO interrelationship have produced varying results but few have examined the influence on innovation capability. Agency theory assumes that owners and CEOs have contrasting objectives but it is silent when owners and CEOs are in accord. Companies may have varying dominant ideologies, such as entrepreneurialism, managerialism, and paternalism, which likely influence their innovation capability. Using primary data from three different German MSEs, selected for their contrasting ideologies, this study examines how interrelationship influences of the owner-CEO interrelationship have the potential to influence the innovation capability of MSEs. The results show that the influence of the owner-CEO interrelationship on the innovation capability is associated with social and situational influences. This thesis provides an original contribution by developing an “interrelationship influence model” that captures the interrelationship factors that influence innovation capability, namely: action, support, communication, responsibility, power and autonomy. This study has important implications for researchers in corporate governance as well as in innovation. Enterprises aiming to improve their innovation capability should pay attention to interrelationships and the influence of owners as well as to the CEO and the management team.

Yes / Polymorphism in active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) can be regarded as critical for the potential that crystal form can have on the quality, efficacy and safety of the final drug product. The current contribution aims to characterize thermodynamic interrelationship of a dimorphic co-crystal, FI and FII, involving carbamazepine (CBZ) and saccharin (SAC) molecules. Supramolecular synthesis of CBZ-SAC FI and FII have been performed using thermo-kinetic methods and systematically characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), solubility and slurry measurements. According to Berger and Ramberger’s heat of fusion rule, FI (ΔHfus = 121.1 J/g, mp 172.5 °C) and FII (ΔHfus= 110.3 J/g, mp 164.7 °C) are monotropically related. The solubility and van’t Hoff plot results suggest that FI stable and FII metastable forms. This study reveals that CBZ-SAC co-crystal phases, FI or FII, could be stable to heat induced stresses, however, FII converts to FI during solution mediated transformation. / Authors would like to acknowledge UKIERI (TPR 26), EPSRC (EP/J003360/1, EP/L027011/1) for the support. Open Access funded by Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council

In the vigorous discourse of prophetic preaching in contemporary homiletic fields, especially Brueggemann’s prophetic preaching has strongly influenced preachers, as well as scholars. His work manifests the counteraction between two imaginations – the dominant and alternative imaginations - in the assurance of the transforming and liberating power of the scripture itself, through the conceptualization of imagination and the work of the Holy Spirit. In this context, this study is positioned in the homiletic field of the reformed tradition. In a large sense, it attempts to investigate prophetic preaching in an empirical and interpretive as well as a normative and pragmatic way. The aim of this investigation is to illustrate the interrelationship between imagination and the work of the Holy Spirit in prophetic preaching, and consequently to initiate normative, practical principles in a strategic model for contemporary preaching. To achieve these aims the study explores the ontology and epistemology of prophetic preaching. It identifies problems in the understanding of homiletic praxis, and at the same time examines the definition and history of prophetic preaching. Moreover, to respond to the question of why Brueggemann’s conceptualization regarding imagination has been highlighted, this study conducts an investigation into the available literature relating to Brueggemann’s prophetic imagination. A balanced interpretive and faithful perspective based on a reading of the whole Scripture is consistent throughout Brueggemann's oeuvre and his focus on application based on the transformational message in praxis is remarkable. Normative markers in prophetic preaching, deduced from an exploration and exegesis of specific texts in Luke and Acts, consequently bring about practical principles for application to prophetic preaching. The practical principles are formulated as follows: D (Direction-Diagnosis of the Reality); IEP (Imaginative Embossing of Problems of the Reality); S (Proclamation of the Gospel aiming at Solution); and IP (Imaginative practice). With the use of these principles, example sermons are analyzed and a new sermon for prophetic preaching is written. The results of this study are expected to provide the preacher with a strategic model to bring prophetic preaching into practice. Lastly, the ontological and epistemological exploration attempted in this study has made a contribution in describing a thicker and more developed definition of prophetic preaching. In conclusion, prophetic preaching itself should achieve the following aim: to be a presentation of God’s voice, spoken to the preacher and the listeners with the subjective help of the Holy Spirit's working in message transformation. / MTh (Homiletics), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

In the vigorous discourse of prophetic preaching in contemporary homiletic fields, especially Brueggemann’s prophetic preaching has strongly influenced preachers, as well as scholars. His work manifests the counteraction between two imaginations – the dominant and alternative imaginations - in the assurance of the transforming and liberating power of the scripture itself, through the conceptualization of imagination and the work of the Holy Spirit. In this context, this study is positioned in the homiletic field of the reformed tradition. In a large sense, it attempts to investigate prophetic preaching in an empirical and interpretive as well as a normative and pragmatic way. The aim of this investigation is to illustrate the interrelationship between imagination and the work of the Holy Spirit in prophetic preaching, and consequently to initiate normative, practical principles in a strategic model for contemporary preaching. To achieve these aims the study explores the ontology and epistemology of prophetic preaching. It identifies problems in the understanding of homiletic praxis, and at the same time examines the definition and history of prophetic preaching. Moreover, to respond to the question of why Brueggemann’s conceptualization regarding imagination has been highlighted, this study conducts an investigation into the available literature relating to Brueggemann’s prophetic imagination. A balanced interpretive and faithful perspective based on a reading of the whole Scripture is consistent throughout Brueggemann's oeuvre and his focus on application based on the transformational message in praxis is remarkable. Normative markers in prophetic preaching, deduced from an exploration and exegesis of specific texts in Luke and Acts, consequently bring about practical principles for application to prophetic preaching. The practical principles are formulated as follows: D (Direction-Diagnosis of the Reality); IEP (Imaginative Embossing of Problems of the Reality); S (Proclamation of the Gospel aiming at Solution); and IP (Imaginative practice). With the use of these principles, example sermons are analyzed and a new sermon for prophetic preaching is written. The results of this study are expected to provide the preacher with a strategic model to bring prophetic preaching into practice. Lastly, the ontological and epistemological exploration attempted in this study has made a contribution in describing a thicker and more developed definition of prophetic preaching. In conclusion, prophetic preaching itself should achieve the following aim: to be a presentation of God’s voice, spoken to the preacher and the listeners with the subjective help of the Holy Spirit's working in message transformation. / MTh (Homiletics), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

Because of the nature of the poetry, the interpretation of Banalites in this study has involved certain subjective decisions. These deductions were, nevertheless, colored by statements of the poet, the composer, and authorities on each. This is not to imply, however, that this is the only interpretation. Both poet and composer have given evidence that their creation requires a subjective response on the part of the interpreter. This is perhaps the greatest challenge offered by the work.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T20:56:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fernanda Caon.pdf: 2145930 bytes, checksum: 632dddb950f548587205cbf0a47bdf20 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-12 / The Complex Numbers have many applications both in Mathematics and in other areas of knowledge. Associated with other mathematical content, promote alternative techniques demonstration and troubleshooting, rescuing attributing meanings and concepts. There are areas of knowledge that are considered essential and others that are important facilitators of calculations. Nevertheless, the Complex Numbers are little explored or exploited minor in secondary education. This paper aims to present opportunities for integration of Complex Numbers with other mathematical content as well as applications of these numbers in other areas of knowledge, valuing the historical aspects, algebraic and geometric content. / Os Números Complexos possuem diversas aplicações tanto na Matemática quanto em outras áreas do conhecimento. Associados a outros conteúdos matemáticos, promovem técnicas alternativas de demonstração e resolução de problemas, resgatando conceitos e atribuindo significados. Há áreas do conhecimento em que são considerados essenciais e outras em que são importantes facilitadores de cálculos. Apesar disso, os Números Complexos são pouco explorados ou explorados de forma pouco significativa no Ensino Médio. Este trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar possibilidades de integração dos Números Complexos com outros conteúdos matemáticos bem como aplicações desses números em outras áreas do conhecimento, valorizando os aspectos históricos, algébricos e geométricos do conteúdo.

This dissertation treats a topic that has received increasing attention as of late, namely that of the environment and in particular increasing levels of CO2 emissions caused by transport. The aim of the dissertation is to explain how a shipper, through various measures, can reduce transport-related CO2 emissions when centralising a distribution system and how this affects the provision of cost efficient customer service. Earlier research has stated that this type of structural change is considered unfavourable from an environmental viewpoint as it increases the amount of transport work generated by the system and thereby transport-related CO2 emissions. The argument that is made in this dissertation, however, is that transport work is only one aspect to consider when evaluating how transport-related CO2 emissions are affected by this type of structural change. The reason for this being that a change in structure and management of the same can enable a shipper to make other changes within the distribution system that can prove beneficial from an environmental perspective as they decrease the amount of CO2 emissions per tonne kilometre. Theoretically, the dissertation has its foundation in two different areas in logistics research. The first area concerns logistics and the environment, where the frame of reference examines measures discussed in previous research with reference to how a shipper can reduce CO2 emissions related to transport. The second area treated in the frame of reference concerns how costs and service are affected by the structural change of centralising a distribution system and how this relates to the measures discussed in the first part of the framework. From a methodological viewpoint, the dissertation is based on case studies. These are presented in four appended manuscripts (a licentiate thesis and three papers), where the results of these studies are used as empirical input for the synthesising analysis that is led in the dissertation. A key deliverable from the research presented in this dissertation is a classification of measures that increase transport-related CO2 emissions and measures that decrease transport-related CO2 emissions when a distribution system is centralised. By presenting this classification, the dissertation extends previous research on the environmental impact of various logistics strategies, where centralised distribution is an example of such a strategy. With regards to this classification, it is concluded that a shipper that seeks to centralise its distribution system in a more CO2 efficient manner will aim to identify a structural configuration that minimises the increase in transport work. This is imperative as there is a close link between transport work and CO2 emissions. Hence, a CO2 efficient centralised distribution system will include more central warehouses than that advocated by earlier research on centralised distribution. This in turn implies that a shipper may not reach the full potential in economies of scale as advocated in earlier research. However, such a configuration will simultaneously lead to less transport work, whereby a shipper will be able to offset the increase in transport work by employing measures that decrease the amount of transport-related CO2 emissions per amount of transport work. The results also indicate that in addition to reducing transport-related CO2 emissions, some of these measures come with a cost incentive. By employing such measures, a shipper can come to compensate for the potential loss in economies of scale caused by employing a structural configuration that seeks to minimise the increase in transport work rather than to maximise economies of scale. By this means, the dissertation contributes to research on centralised distribution by considering how a reduction in transport-related CO2 emissions is interrelated with the provision of cost efficient customer service.

<p> This dissertation examines the interrelationship between higher education and the capitalist socio-economic system in the United States. The central argument is that both the growth of colleges and universities, and the development of a sociology of higher education, have been dependent upon, and serve to support, the historical transformation of the socio-economic system from laissez-faire to corporate capitalism. A socio-economic elite which has dominated the development of scientific knowledge and the growth of college and universities since colonial times, has profitably invested its riches in reshaping higher education to serve the dictates of the new capitalism in its corporate form. An examination of college and university financing, educational philosophy, and the social science practiced by professors shows that these changed to accommodate changes in the socio-economic system. The cumulative emphasis has been, and continues to be, on the production, sale, and consumption of a practical (marketable) knowledge which furthers elite domination of the educational industry. </p> <p> The sociology of higher education, as it has developed over the past twenty years, provides an example of theory which furthers this elite domination. A review of three eminent theorists, Burton R. Clark, David Riesman, and Christopher Jencks, shows how their attempt to make colleges and universities autonomous from the surrounding socio-economic system makes higher edcation increasingly dependent upon, subservient to, that system. Clark's "active" education creates an Academic Revolution based upon the specialized expertise of academic disciplines which Riesman labels "the racecourses of the mind". The sociological raceciurse helps provide Jencks with an individualistic explanation to "accidents" of personality and luck. The argument presented herein suggests these inequalities are legitimated and sustained by the commitment of the education-as-autonomous theorists to a pluralistic ideology which ties the growth of higher education with the prevailing socio-economic arrangements of corporate capitalism. Briefly, the education-as-autonomous thesis developed by Clark, Reisman and Jencks provides a notion of pluralism (widely dispersed power) that encourages and helps to ensure the non-pluralistic domination of higher education by a corporate elite capable of transforming wealth into power. </p> </p> A summary review of the foundations of American sociology underscores the interconnections between this pluralism and German sociologist Max Weber's conception of scientific "objectivity". It is Weber's science, characterizing the sociologist as an objective analyst receptive to all data, rather than the science of Lester Ward and the Americans, which continues to be a major influence on the majority of sociologists educated in the United States. While Weber and Ward both developed a pluralistic science providing ideological support for American capitalism, Weber did so in a manner that seemed more value-natural. Weber was simply more inclined than Ward to make his values supporting the socio-economic structure of capitalism more covert. This supposed value-neutrality of Weber's sociology appeals to social scientists, legitimating and sustaining the professional practice which maintains their privileged position within the current socio-economic order. Weber attempts to make scientists as objectively autonomous from the larger socioeconomic system as the Clark-Riesman-Jencks thesis tries to make the universities. Accordingly, the pluralism of Weber's "constellations of interest" includes superman/wonderwoman sociologists capable of transcending the ordinary by pacifying passion in a professional manner. </p> </p> An examination of this sociological professionalis in two settings, the professional association and the university, indicates the importance of Weber's notion of scholarly objectivity as the central norm governing professional practice. adherence to the objectivity norm is of primary importance in giving rise to the view among many sociologists that sociology as "understanding" cannot be a practice. This conception of sociology has helped promote itself to become "the official view: of social reality--a view that encourages university professors to serve and protect elite interests, interests they recognize as becoming increasingly their own. Professional commitment and responsibility have come to mean participation in the development of Weber's "objective" science which continue to maintain the Clark-Riesman-Jencks myth that universities and professional associates are autonomous, objectively value-neutral and, therefore, apolitical. To act in a professional commitment which has come to mean service to, maintenance of, the socio-economic arrangements of today's corporate capitalism. </p> / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

No abstract provided. / Thesis / Bachelor of Arts (BA) / Introduction: The study attempts to explain the geographical conditions in Westminster Township. Emphasis is placed on the relationship existing between the township and the city of London, the large metropolitan centre adjacent to it. The problem is attacked from a functional point of view. The physical geography of the township is described. However, since historical forces are recognized in any study of settlement, one chapter is devoted to historical geography. The following chapters are devoted to communications and land use patterns, both rural and urban. The thesis is changing interrelationship, between the city and the township. It shows clearly that the city does not terminate at its political boundary, but encroaches upon the adjacent rural township. The result is a change in the character of the township in the shape of an "Urban Fringe" specialized agriculture and new super imposition of communications.

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Studies on the topic of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and childhood obesity collectively indicate an association, but there is a lack of replication in nationally representative sample of children aged 10-17 years. This study aims to expand on the definition of ACEs to include: socio-economic hardship, racial discrimination, witness or victim of neighborhood violence, and bereavement, and to examine their individual and joint association with BMI levels, especially childhood obesity (primary outcome). METHODS: The 2011-2012 National of Children’s Health (NSCH) was used for this study (N=45,309). One child interview weight was produced; hence, the estimates are generalized to all non-institutionalized children 10-17 years of age in the US and each state. Statistical methods used included descriptive statistics and multivariable multinomial logistic regression models. ACEs examined included: (1) Socioeconomic hardship, (2) Parental divorce or separation, (3) Bereavement, (4) Incarcerated family member, (5) Witness to domestic violence, (6) Victim/witness of neighborhood violence, (7) Household mental illness, (8) Household substance abuse, (9) Racial discrimination. BMI for the same sex and age (10-17 years) percentile relative measurement, using growth charts recommended by CDC, among children and teens were used as indicators of BMI. BMI-95th percentile or greater was considered obese. RESULTS: The prevalence of childhood obesity and ACE exposure was higher for boys compared to girls. Controlling for gender, among those who were obese, White-non-Hispanic children had the highest prevalence of obesity compared to other races for both genders. Southern States constituted 80% and 60 % of top 10 states with the highest prevalence of childhood obesity and ACE, respectively. Approximately 25.4 million (89.5%) children aged 10-17 years had experienced 3 or less ACE. The most prevalent ACE category of nine asked about for child was-living with parents who were either divorced or separated after his/her birth (26.77%) and the least prevalent was living with a parent who died (4.84 %). ACEs were not mutually exclusive, and all nine categories of ACEs were interrelated. The adjusted odds ratio of covariates to their reference groups that were only statistically significant for childhood obesity relative to healthy weight encompassed: a) Place of residence in metropolitan statistical area, b) two or more chronic health conditions of 18 asked about, c) Watching TV, videos, or playing video games across categories >1 to≥4 hours, d) family members in the household eat a meal together 7 days of the week, e) and computer, cell phone or electronic device use ≤1 hour. Moreover, the explanatory variables, namely, age, sex, the physical health status of parents, and physical activity, were strongly related to childhood obesity (associated both with higher odds and lower odds of outcome) compared to overweight and underweight BMI categories. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to explore the co-occurrence, individual and joint association of ACEs with childhood obesity using nationally representative sample of children aged10-17 years in the U.S. Having childhood obesity, BMI-95th percentile or above was strongly related to ACE dichotomy, ACE score ≥2 and two ACE types (socioeconomic hardship and bereavement) than the probability of overweight, BMI-85th to 94th percentile. Underweight-BMI less than 5th percentile had only statistically significant association with socioeconomic hardship ACE category. Sociodemographic, parental, and childhood related factors were also independently associated with childhood obesity.