¡@¡@Under the uncertain and fast-changing business environment with price hikes, growing expenses, shrinking margin benefits, and increasing risks, how to reduce various items of operating expenses and enhance operating efficiency has become the primary subject for modern enterprises. This paper conducted a research on 3C hypermarket with its commodity characteristics---high level of same configuration pattern and lots of alternative substitutes, as well as its sales characteristics--- more and more hypermarket with increasingly bigger dimension, low standards for retail store to access to market, and the popular on-line shopping, which resulted in furious competitions and reductions of profits. During the era of narrow margin of profits, expenses control is more important than ever. ¡@¡@Well commodity managements can enable us to know the inventory turnover rate, and to avoid loss from falling price, dull sale or commodity loss which could cause serious loss for the company, therefore we should establish an effective inventory system, and assist in internal control to reduce error and fraudulent practices, which will facilitate the rapid development of branches smoothly. ¡@¡@This paper took Company A as a typical case for studying 3C hypermarket, to conduct in-depth discussion on whether the brand new dynamic inventory system is more effective than ordinary inventory methods in managing inventory and meeting the requirement of internal control based on the consideration of cost and benefit. This research adopted the method of semi-structural in-depth interviews, to conduct analysis on the difference between the internal control as before and after the introduction, the impact of the introduction, and the reason and solution of the problems, etc, according to the framework containing five key factors of internal control in COSO report, such as control environment, risk appraisal, control activity, information and communication and monitoring as well as supervision. ¡@¡@The result of this research study indicated that after the case company introduced the dynamic inventory system, its operating expenses has been dramatically reduced, the number of abnormal adjustments of inventory has been decreased, while the efficiency of controlling and managing commodities has been enhanced. As for the internal control, it was shown that there were some items needed to be adjusted along with the changes in risks, including establishing the system of managing agent, implementing the mechanism of cross-managing confirmation, setting unified standard for commodity display and shelf exhibition, and putting the standard into effect, continuing serving the function of risk and error alert, putting relevant documents and files of operation and instruction in subject to centralized management, strengthen irregular field auditing and inventory test checking, reinforcing the chief manager checking and auditing system, ensuring staff to operate in conformity to procedure, enhancing the deploying of computer-assisted auditor and the knowledge related to computer-assisted auditing, etc. ¡@¡@

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a series of the ¡§Gender Stereotype Threat Inventory¡¨(GSTI) of junior high school students in science classroom. The GSTI was included three scales: domain indentification, gender stereotype and learning environment. The GSTI was conducted to a total of 640 8th graders in Kaohsiung city. Results of the study were employed for internal consistency analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, Rasch modeling analysis, as well as the multiple invariance approach to test its reliability and validity. The result manifested that each scale had reasonable coefficient Cronbach alpha ranging from .73 to .85 and the overall model fit indices indicated that model fitted the oberserved data and had cross-validation. Finally, the results of gender stereotype threat in science classroom and implications for using the GSTI inventory in future research are presented.

Abstract This thesis focuses on how applying the Vendor Managed Inventory (VMI) to the enterprise affects the operation cost from the manufacturing perspective. The inventory level of an industry has a crucial impact because it influences the profits, the capital transferring, the inventory space, the quality of products, the administrations, etc. Moreover, the inventory level and the procurement management are so highly related to the overall manufacturing cost that the profitability and competiveness of an industry can be influenced as well. Thus, the relationship between the enterprises and their suppliers has evolved from the traditional price-driven transaction mode to the cooperative relationship. Through the VMI, the suppliers are able to not only be shared with the inventory information from their customers, but have the right to manage customers¡¦ inventories; hence, the customer side can avoid the overcapacity or the shortage as a result of the surplus or insufficient inventories respectively. As a result, the inventory level can be reduced and the high quality service can be provided. The study of our research is based on the factors related to the profitability and efficiency in the enterprise achievement appraisal. I find that the inventory level directly influences the profitability-related factors, and the inventory is also involved with many aspects in the supply chain management, such as the supplier management, the relationship with the suppliers, the procurement strategies, etc. Furthermore, it is feasible to lower the inventory level through the process of the VMI according to the results of our questionnaires. We also held several comprehensive interviews with the industries which apply VMI for years. The useful opinions and suggestions collected from these industries are generalized to a proposal which can be used and referred for the individual enterprise. We hope the results of this thesis have the positive effects for the industry. Key words¡G Inventory control ¡APurchasing management¡AProfiable¡ACompetiable, VMI

<p>Supply chain management addresses the management of materials and</p><p>information across the entire chain from suppliers to producers,</p><p>distributors, retailers, and customers. In the past few decades, scholars</p><p>gave ample attention about the impact of inventory on Supply Chain</p><p>Management (SCM). Roughly speaking, research on supply chain management has</p><p>been mainly focused on three major issues. One is the behavior of</p><p>information flow; the second issue deals with inventory management; the</p><p>third issue is orientated to planning and operations management. In this</p><p>paper the second issue, namely inventory management will be discussed. The</p><p>author will follow the phases of classifying inventory; identify cost</p><p>factors; assess cost components; calculate EOQ; giving suggestion and</p><p>effect of inventory on supply chain will be discussed. The result is going</p><p>to become clear under the analysis of two alternatives by using MCDM</p><p>(Multiple Criteria Decision Making) method. The conclusion is when</p><p>optimizing the inventory management, both up stream and down stream</p><p>activities will run effectively.</p>

Thesis (M.S. in Operations Research)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 1990. / Thesis Advisor(s): McMasters, Alan W. ; Henderson, David R. "September 1990." Description based on title screen as viewed on December 21, 2009. DTIC Descriptor(s): Naval Procurement, Mathematical Models, Parameters, Navy, Theses, Costs, Precision, Procurement, Inventory, Value, Supplies, Naval Logistics, Models, Contracts, Decision Making. DTIC Identifier(s): Navy Inventory Control Points, Navy Procurement Contract Termination Model, Forecasts. Author(s) subject terms: Procurement, Contract, Termination. Includes bibliographical references (p. 57-58). Also available in print.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 79-85). Also available in electronic version. Access restricted to campus users.

Thesis--Boston College. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 100-107).

Thesis (M.A.)--Trinity Evangelical Divinity School, 1974. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 33-40).

Includes bibliographical references (p. 79-84).

The purpose of the thesis was to develop a method that simplifies the analysis between reduction of delivery lead time and inventory costs, when the reduction of delivery lead time is achieved through repositioning of the customer order decoupling point.