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Cette these a pour objet la description de la société Musulmane à Java. Elle attire particulierement l'attention sur deux groupes typologiquement distinct: le santri et le abangan. Meme si la recherche étudie l'origine de ces deux groupes, elle va essayer d'analyser le santri et le abangan dans leurs deux aspects essentiels, premierement comme groupes socio-religieux, et deuxiemement comme pouvoirs sooio-politiques. Elle insiste aussi sur le processus par lequel la querelle entre le santri et le abangan, par rapport a la concurence des différentes idéologies politiques, devient un des déterminants essentiels dans la politique indonesienne. Même si la distinction socio-religieuse de ces deux groupes est ignore pour une raison quelconque, la différence entre les deux entraine des consequences politiques tres différentes. Par conséquent l'étude du santri et du abangan a Java, rend possible une meilleure compréhension de l'Islam tel que pratiqué dans cette ile. / This thesis is concerned with the description of Muslim society in contemporary Java, and pays particular attention to the two typologically distinctive groups, the so-called santri and abangan. While investigation is made into the origin of these two groups, this study is attempting to elucidate santri and abangan in their two essential aspects; firstly as socio-religious groups and secondly as socio-political powers. It also stresses the process by which the struggle of santri and abangan vis-a-vis the strife between different political ideologies becomes one of the basic determinants in Indonesian politics.

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This Thesis deals with the cultural encounter between Islam and Javanese culture as represented by the slametan ritual. The major purposes of this thesis are threefold; (1) to give a brief account of the historical backdrop of the encounter between Islam and the Javanese tradition; (2) to discuss the ongoing dispute among scholars over whether the slametan is animistic, syncretistic or Islamic; and (3) to provide a new perspective on the slametan ritual based upon textual (religious) and contextual (socio-cultural) analysis. / The hypothesis underlying this work is that the slametan is a prototype of syncretistic ritual, the representative of Islamic elements---as its core---on the one hand, and local traditions---as its periphery---on the other. This work will argue against the theory of the slametan developed both by Geertz and Woodward. The first scholar sees the slametan from a socio-cultural perspective only, while the latter views it on an Islamic theological basis. The current writer argues that one should employ a holistic perspective to see the slametan comprehensively; both from "inside" (religious perspective) and "outside" (cultural perspective).

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