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Consequences of good intentions : exploring land rights in the Commonwealth of the Northern MarianasNevitt, Brooke E January 2005 (has links)
Thesis (M.A.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 104-106). / iv, 106 leaves, bound 29 cm
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Spatial patterns in the microarthropod community associated with Azorella selago (Apiaceae) on the sub-Antarctic Prince Edward IslandsHugo, Elizabeth Aletta 12 1900 (has links)
Dissertation (PhD)--University of Stellenbosch, 2006. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The spatial distribution of animals and plants at different scales is a central theme in
ecology. Knowledge of biodiversity distribution is essential, especially with the current
threat of climate change and invasion by alien species. Since the impact of climate
change and alien species will be, and has already been pronounced in polar regions,
information on the current spatial distributions of biota in these regions is critical to
predict the consequences of climate change and alien species on the future survival,
distribution and abundance of indigenous biota. This study was conducted on the sub-
Antarctic Prince Edward Islands (consisting of Marion Island and Prince Edward Island),
which have experienced rapid climate changes over the past 50 years. Additionally, a
number of alien plant, vertebrate and invertebrate (also microarthropod) species have
been introduced to these islands. Since microarthropods (mites and springtails) play an
essential role in decomposition and mineralization of plant material on the islands, the
loss of microarthropods from decomposer communities might have disastrous results for
ecosystem processes. Therefore it is essential to know the current distributions of
microarthropods in order to predict future distributions patterns in reaction to climate
change and invasive species. In this study, the spatial distribution of mites and springtails
inhabiting the cushion plant Azorella selago Hook, were examined at different scales of
observation. Firstly, the microarthropod community was examined at a fine scale. The
relationship between microarthropod species richness and abundance and plant size,
isolation, within-plant variability, grass cover and microclimate variables were
investigated. Thereafter, the spatial variability of microarthropod abundances was
examined within stands of plants, with statistical methods using varying degrees of
locational information to determine if microarthropod abundance is random, regular or
aggregated at this scale. Further, the spatial variability of microarthropod communities in
A. selago at different altitudes and on different sides of Marion Island, i.e. island-wide
scale, was examined. The last scale of observation was the island-wide scale, in which
microarthropod assemblages were compared between Marion Island and Prince Edward
Island, as well as in different plant species. Microarthropods showed spatial
heterogeneity within A. selago plants (higher abundances in eastern and southern sides of plants), island-wide (lower springtail abundance on the eastern side of the island and at
high altitudes) and between islands (more alien species on Marion Island). In contrast,
microarthropod abundance was not spatially heterogeneous within a stand of plants, i.e.
mostly randomly distributed. The possible mechanisms responsible for these patterns
differ between scales, and range from temperature and nutrient availability at the within
plant and island wide scale to alien species between islands. Climate change is likely to
alter these distribution patterns of microarthropods, either directly (unfavourable climate
for indigenous species growth, development and dispersal) or indirectly (favouring alien
microarthropod species; increase in grass cover on A. selago plants may alter community
structure). The information presented here, is essential for predicting the possible impacts
of climate change on microarthropods in fellfield ecosystems on sub-Antarctic islands. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die ruimtelike verspreiding van diere en plante op verskillende skale is ‘n sentrale tema
in ekologie. Kennis van die verspreiding van biodiversiteit is belangrik, veral met die
huidige bedreiging van klimaatsverandering en indringerspesies. Omdat die impak van
klimaatsverandering en indringerspesies in die poolstreke alreeds duidelik is en nog meer
so sal word, is inligting oor die huidige ruimtelike verspreiding van biota in hierdie streke
noodsaaklik. Hierdie studie is op die sub-Antarktiese Prins Edward-eilande (bestaande uit
Marion Eiland en Prins Edward Eiland) uitgevoer, waar die klimaat vinnig verander het
oor die afeglope 50 jaar. Bykomend is ‘n aantal indringer plant, vertebraat en invertebraat
(ook mikroartropood) spesies op die eilande ingebring. Omdat mikroartropoda (myte en
springsterte) ‘n baie belangrike rol in ontbinding en mineralisering van plantmateriaal op
hierdie eilande speel, sal die verlies van mikroartropoda uit die ontbindingsgemeenskap
rampspoedige gevolge vir die prosesse in die ekosisteem hê. Kennis van die huidige
verpreiding van mikroartropoda is dus noodsaaklik om die toekomstige
verspreidingspatrone, asook oorlewing en volopheid van inheemse spesies in reaksie op
klimaatsveranding en indringerspesies, te voorspel. In hierdie studie is die ruimtelike
verspreiding van myte en springsterte wat in die kussingplant Azorella selago Hook
voorkom, op verskillende ruimtelike skale ondersoek. Eerstens is die mikroartropood
gemeenskap op ‘n klein skaal ondersoek. Die verwantskap tussen mikroartropood spesies
rykheid en volopheid en plantgrootte, isolasie, binne-plant variasie, gras bedekking en
mikroklimaat faktore is ondersoek. Daarna is die ruimtelike variasie van mikroartropood
volopheid binne in ‘n plantstand ondersoek deur gebruik te maak van metodes wat
verskillende grade van ligging data gebruik. Dit is gedoen om uit te vind of
mikroartropood volopheid lukraak, reëlmatig of versameld verspreid is. Verder is die
ruimtelike verspreiding van mikroartropood gemeenskappe in A. selago op verskillende
hoogtes bo seespieël en op verskillende kante van Marion Eiland ondersoek. Laastens is
die mikroartropood gemeenskap op Marion Eiland en Prins Edward Eiland, asook die
gemeenskap in verskillende plant spesies vergelyk. Mikroartropoda is ruimtelik
heterogeen verspreid binne-in A. selago (meer individue in die oostelike en suidelike
kante van plante), asook regoor Marion Eiland (minder springstert individue aan die
ooste kant van die eiland asook minder op hoë hoogtes bo seespieël) en tussen eilande (meer indringerspesies op Marion Eiland). In teenstelling hiermee is mikroartropood
volopheid ruimtelik homogeen oor ‘n plantstand, dus meestal lukraak verspreid. Die
meganismes wat moontlik vir hierdie patrone verantwoordelik is wissel van temperatuur
en voedselbeskikbaarheid op die binne-plant en oor die eiland skaal tot indringerspesies
op die tussen-eiland skaal. Klimaatsverandering mag waarskynlik mikroartropood
verspreidingspatrone direk (ongunstige klimaat vir inheemse spesies se groei,
ontwikkeling en verspreiding), of indirek verander (indringer spesies word begunstig;
toename in grasbedekking bo-op A. selago mag die gemeenskapstruktuur van
mikroartropoda verander). Hierdie inligting is belangrik vir die voorspelling van die
moontlike impak van klimaatsverandering op mikroartropoda in klipveld ekosisteme op
sub-Antarktiese eilande.
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Cultures of commemoration : the politics of war, memory and history in the Mariana IslandsCamacho, Keith L January 2005 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 303-334). / Also available by subscription via World Wide Web / x, 334 leaves, bound map 29 cm
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Benthic Foraminiferal Assemblages from Pulau Karangmadjat, Mentawai Islands, IndonesiaUnknown Date (has links)
Globally, coral reefs are in severe decline (Jackson et al., 2001) and face potential
extinction of 1/3 of reef species by 2050 (Veron, 2011). This decline is the result of the
inability of coral communities to recover after disturbance events, often resulting in a
shift from coral- to macro-algal dominated regimes. Reef resources managers are in need
of tools to assess the condition of these ecosystems prior to, during, and post disturbance,
especially in regions of the world where coral cover and diversity are high, yet
management resources are scarce. Foraminifera have been widely utilized as
bioindicators in both modern and paleoenvironments for more than a century due to their
abundance, diverse functional morphology, rapid generation time, global distribution, and
rich geologic record (Sen Gupta, 1999; Hallock et al., 2003). The FoRAM Index (FI) was
developed as a single metric indicator to assess whether water quality supports coral
recruitment and reproduction in Caribbean and Western Atlantic coral reefs (Hallock et
al., 2003), yet the FI has not been widely applied to Indo-Pacific coral reefs. This study reports benthic foraminiferal assemblages from Pulau Karangmadjat,
Mentawai Islands, Indonesia, and is the first to provide in situ foraminiferal assemblages
for the Mentawai region. Results revealed overall low Shannon’s H’ and Fisher’s alpha,
and low Buzas and Gibson’s evenness values across 13 sample sites selected from a
variety of reef habitat zones. Values for the FI were also calculated and were extremely
high across all sites due to the dominance of symbiont-bearing calcarinid taxa, suggesting
favorable water quality conditions. Q-mode hierarchical cluster analysis revealed 4
clusters, only one of which corresponded in its entirety to a well defined benthic habitat
zone. Overall, a high degree of similarity between foraminiferal assemblages was present
for most sites sampled due to the dominance of calcarinids, suggesting prevalence of a
macro-algal substrate, and potentially a shift from a coral- to macro-algal dominated
regime for this study area. Utilization of indices like the FI, when used in conjunction
with non-FI analysis of foraminiferal assemblages, may aid managers in deducing drivers
of regime shifts on Indonesian coral reefs, which may ultimately facilitate solutions for
reef conservation and recovery following natural and anthropogenic disturbance. Further
testing of the applicability of the FI on Indian Ocean and Indo-Pacific reefs is needed to
in order to test this hypothesis. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.S.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2016. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection
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Influence of seed size and genotype on the early growth of the coconut palm (Cocos nucifera L.)Foale, M. A. January 1966 (has links) (PDF)
At foot of title page: Joint Coconut Research Scheme, Yandina, British Solomon Islands Includes bibliographical references. (p. 111-119)
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Down-dip geometry and depth extent of normal faults in the Aegean-evidence from earthquakesBraunmiller, Jochen 19 July 1991 (has links)
Graduation date: 1992
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Bacterial indicator organisms in various classes of cisterns in the U.S. Virgin IslandsRuskin, Robert H.,1952- January 1996 (has links)
Because cisterns are exposed to the environment via their direct attachment to catchment surfaces, cistern water quality is often poor. In the U.S. Virgin Islands cisterns are involved in supplying the water needs for private homes, hotels, businesses and public housing, making them subject to the mandates of the Federal Safe Drinking Water Act. This study compares the results of the occurrence of various water quality indicators in Private Residential, Public Housing, and Hotels and Guest House cisterns in the U.S. Virgin Islands in a side-by-side analysis. Forty-seven separate independent variables were created and tested for correlation, of which only the rate at which chlorination was applied was significant. A high degree of correlation was found to exist between total and fecal coliforms. A moderate, but still significant correlation between the coliform and the heterotrophic levels in the cistern was also noted. There was no correlation between any of the bacterial indicators studied and the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The results show, depending upon on the type and amount of chlorination received, different bacterial indicators will predominate and that there is a logical succession from one to the next with chlorination. On the unchlorinated end of the scale, normally associated with privateresidential homes, there is a correlation between the heterotrophic bacteria and total coliform. On the other end where chlorination is constant, normally associated with public water supply systems, correlation is between total coliform and fecal coliform. The proportion at which these indicators occur is a function of the diligence at which chlorination takes place. Regression analysis showed that the heterotrophs and total coliforms were the most sensitive to chlorination while the streptococci and fecal coliform were the most resistant. Thus, what is seen is fecal coliform unmasking based upon chlorination pattern. Depending upon whether the cistern is a private or public water supply which is mandated to be treated, an appropriate indicator system based upon the likelihood of treatment can be suggested. For unchlorinated private residential home cisterns the prime indicator should be the heterotrophic plate count and for chlorinated systems the take-action organism should be the fecal coliform. P. aeruginosa should be tested for in both domestic cistern water supplies and public cistern water supply systems.
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The emergence of a sunspot tourist destination : a case study of St. KittsKnöck, Raymond Bennett January 1987 (has links)
No description available.
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The Church and the urban structure of the Aegean Island towns /Kovatsi, Athena January 1979 (has links)
No description available.
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The concept of development in Ulawa in Solomon Islands and its implications for national development policy and planning /Rohorua, Frederick Isom. January 2007 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D. Development Studies)--University of Waikato, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 242-268) Also available via the World Wide Web.
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