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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Comportamento como indicador de sa?de em camar?es infectados por Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Medeiros, Viviane da Silva 13 November 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-10-11T22:03:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 VivianeDaSilvaMedeiros_TESE.pdf: 1371501 bytes, checksum: a315d90a24e3c18fd1b8fb7298920bca (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-10-17T21:48:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 VivianeDaSilvaMedeiros_TESE.pdf: 1371501 bytes, checksum: a315d90a24e3c18fd1b8fb7298920bca (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-17T21:48:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 VivianeDaSilvaMedeiros_TESE.pdf: 1371501 bytes, checksum: a315d90a24e3c18fd1b8fb7298920bca (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-13 / A carcinicultura mundial sofre grandes perdas econ?micas por enfermidades virais e bacterianas, sendo importante que sejam incentivados estudos e a??es que minimizem os danos provocados por estas doen?as em todas as ?reas, desde os econ?micos, sa?de animal e humana at? ambientais. Diante destes fatos, foram avaliados: a) o efeito da presen?a de areia como substrato sobre o comportamento de camar?es juvenis Litopenaeus vannamei em laborat?rio (manuscrito I); b) as atividades comportamentais de camar?es juvenis L. vannamei infectados por Vibrio parahaemolyticus (ATCC 17802) e submetidos a tratamentos veterin?rios em laborat?rio (manuscrito II); c) identifica??o dos agentes envolvidos em enfermidades com altas mortalidades em fazendas de carcinicultura (manuscrito III). O estudo foi realizado em tr?s etapas. Na primeira etapa (manuscrito I), os animais foram submetidos a tratamentos com aus?ncia ou presen?a de areia como substrato, divididos em dois grupos, cujos animais foram colocados em 30 aqu?rios de material pl?stico com capacidade para quatro litros, 15 deles com areia como substrato e 15 sem areia. Foram avaliados os comportamentos de enterramento somente para o grupo com areia e inatividade, nata??o, ingest?o de alimento, limpeza e rastejamento; sobreviv?ncia e ganho de peso para ambos os grupos. Na segunda etapa (manuscrito II), os animais foram divididos em cinco grupos: 1) Controle 1, 2) Controle 2 -animais infectados e sem tratamento veterin?rio; 3) Animais infectados, tratados com medicamento isop?tico ISO; 4) Animais infectados, tratados com medicamento antibi?tico (florfenicol) ANTIB; 5) Animais infectados, tratados com medicamentos isop?tico e antibi?tico (florfenicol) simultaneamente ISO+ANTIB. Foram ent?o analisados os comportamentos desses animais, a sobreviv?ncia e o ganho de peso. Na terceira etapa (manuscrito III), foi visitada uma fazenda de carcinicultura com altos ?ndices de mortalidade na cidade de Obreg?n, em Sonora, no M?xico. Foram coletados 30 animais dessa fazenda, os quais foram levados para an?lises presuntivas (an?lise a fresco e bacteriologia) e confirmat?rias (bioqu?mica e qPCR) para identifica??o de agentes patog?nicos virais e/ou bacterianos. Os resultados obtidos no manuscrito 1 mostram que n?o houve diferen?a significativa entre os comportamentos observados, tamb?m n?o houve diferen?a entre crescimento e ganho de peso, indicando que a aus?ncia de areia n?o interferiu na express?o de comportamento dos animais. Isto possibilita que os experimentos seguintes n?o usem areia como substrato. No manuscrito 2, os camar?es infectados e tratados com isopatia e antibi?tico simultaneamente apresentaram desempenho comportamental semelhante ao grupo controle 1, indicando que apresentam comportamento compat?vel com animais saud?veis. No Manuscrito 3, ficou evidente que a alta mortalidade identificada em viveiros com camar?es juvenis, al?m da cepa pat?gena causadora da AHPND, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, outras esp?cies de bact?rias dos g?neros Vibrio e Aeromonas estavam associadas. / World shrimp culture suffers large economic losses for viral and bacterial diseases, so it is important that studies and actions be encouraged to minimise the damage caused by these diseases in all areas - economy, animal and human health and environment. The present study evaluated the effect of a) presence of the substrate on the behaviour of juvenile shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei in the laboratory (manuscript I); b) behavioral activities of juvenile shrimp L. vannamei infected by Vibrio parahaemolyticus (ATCC 17802) and subjected to veterinary treatments in laboratory (manuscript II); c) identified the pathogenic agents associated to diseases with high mortality in shrimp culture farms (manuscript III). The study was conducted in three stages. In the first stage (manuscript I), the animals were subjected to two treatments, the absence or presence of sand as substrate, and were divided into two groups, placed in 30 plastic aquariums with capacity for four liters, half of them with sand on the bottom as substrate and the other half without sand. Burying behavior was evaluated only for the group whose aquariums had sand as substrate; inactivity, swimming, food intake, cleaning and crawling, survival and weight gain were measured in both groups. In the second stage (manuscript II), the animals were divided into five groups: 1) control, 2) infected animals with no veterinary treatment; 3) infected animals treated with isopathic medicine; 4) infected animals treated with antibiotics (florfenicol); 5) infected animals treated with isopathic medicine plus antibiotics (florfenicol). Then, the behaviors and survival and weight gain of the animals were analysed. In the third stage, we visited a shrimp farm with high rates of mortality in Obreg?n city, Sonora, Mexico. Thirty animals collected in the ponds were taken to presumptive (fresh smear analysis and bacteriology) and confirmatory (Biochemistry and qPCR) analyses for identification of viral and/or bacterial pathogens. The results in Manuscript 1 showed that for juvenile prawns maintained in aquariums with or without sand as substrate for up to three weeks, behavior, survival and weight gain were not significantly different, which demonstrates that lack of sand on the substrate did not modify behavioral responses of the animals. So, in the next stage, sand was not used as substrate anymore. In Manuscript 2, the infected prawns that were treated with isopathy plus antibiotics showed behavioral performance similar to the control group, indicating that their behavior is compatible with healthy individuals. And in Manuscript 3, concerning the high mortality of juvenile prawns in the ponds, besides the pathogenous that causes AHPND, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, other species of bacteria of the genus Vibrio and Aeromonas were associated to the pathology of the prawns.
2

Soluções homeopáticas, crescimento e produção de compostos bioativos em Ageratum conyzoides L. (Asteraceae) / Homoeopathic solutions, growth and production of bioactive compounds in Ageratum conyzoides L. (Asteraceae)

Duarte, Elen Sonia Maria 25 February 2003 (has links)
Submitted by Reginaldo Soares de Freitas (reginaldo.freitas@ufv.br) on 2017-05-10T11:55:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 258230 bytes, checksum: 827c8de6d2e4146b493d00aac8461d57 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-10T11:55:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 258230 bytes, checksum: 827c8de6d2e4146b493d00aac8461d57 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003-02-25 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Os ensaios foram conduzidos na Universidade Federal de Viçosa, em Viçosa, MG, no período de fevereiro a novembro de 2002, visando avaliar os efeitos de preparados homeopáticos no crescimento, patogenesia e produção de óleo essencial e cumarina da planta medicinal mentrasto (Ageratum conyzoides L.). Durante os ensaios foram coletados dados de crescimento e produção, como altura, número de ramos e folhas, número de cachos florais, matérias fresca e seca da parte aérea, matérias fresca e seca da raiz, matéria seca de caule, folhas e inflorescências, número de entrenós, número total de flores das plantas e conteúdo de óleo essencial e cumarina. A espécie medicinal Ageratum conyzoides L. demonstrou sensibilidade a preparados homeopáticos provenientes de partes da própria planta em diversas dinamizações. As escalas de diluição também causaram efeito no crescimento e produção de metabólitos secundários das plantas. Os princípios homeopáticos, bem como a Lei da Igualdade, foram aplicáveis ao mentrasto. Considerando as plantas sadias, as respostas manifestaram a patogenesia das preparações homeopáticas. / The trials were led at Universidade Federal de Viçosa, from February to November of 2002, to evaluate the effects of homoeopathic solutions on growth, pathogenetic symptoms, production of essential oil and coumarin of the medicinal plant mentrasto (Ageratum conyzoides L.). Homoeopathic solutions were produced by successive dilution and succussion (potentisation). The stock solutions were liquid preparations from parts of plants of own specie A. conyzoides L. collected elsewhere. Production and growth data as: height, number of branches and leaves, number of floral bunches, fresh and dry matter of the aerial part, fresh matter and dry matter of the root, dry matter of stems, leaves and inflorescences, number of internodes, total number of flowers, content of essential oil and coumarin were taken. There was response of Ageratum conyzoides L. to homoeopathic solution. The dilution scales (centesimal and decimal) also caused effect on growth and production of secondary metabolites of the plants. The homoeopathic principles, as well as the Law of Equality, were applicable to the mentrasto plant. Considering as healthy, plant responses were pathogenetic effects of the homoeopathic solutions.

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