by Chan Tak Shing. / Bibliography: leaves 81-83 / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1982

本論文的目的是確定中國新石器時代至青銅時代大型玉料開料片切割技術。玉是一種堅硬的石頭，在礦物學上只有軟玉和硬玉才是真正的玉。其他所有看似玉的珍貴石料由於包含不同的化學成分，故此只能被稱為美石。玉石工藝源於石器製作技術，當中包括打製和磨製技術。本論文集中於研究摩擦技術。片切割的運作是通過摩擦作用從而磨掉玉料的一部分。玉器上的三個常見的切割技術包含片切割，柔性線切割和旋轉切割（陀切割和鑽孔）。這些技術都應用在玉石和珍貴的美石 。中國考古出土大量的大型長薄片狀的玉器和珍貴的美石製品。這些成品，半成品和廢品都開展示出證據不同的切割技術的表現。然而，如何進行大型開料的片鋸切技術至今仍然沒有具系統性的說法。考古學家和科學家們都各自提出了不同的見解。 本文通過實驗考古片切割大型蛇紋石以及其他切割實驗比較與文獻研究，探討不同種類的切割技術。實驗結果與考古出土文物會進行比較和分析。此外，解玉砂和水在鋸切過程中發揮著重要的作用。提高工件的切割的效率，而水同時發揮降溫作用看到，以防止由不斷摩擦產生的過熱引起破損。這項研究還包括研究選定的帶有片切割跡的三星堆玉器標本。這些文物提供了一個很好的線索來比較從實驗考古所產生的切割痕跡。 / The purpose of this thesis is to determine how large-scale blade sawing on jade was performed during the Neolithic Period till the Bronze Age in China. Jade is an ornamental hard stone that specifically applied to nephrite and jadeite, the metamorphic rocks. Those look-a-like jade and other gemstones can only be called precious hard stones due to their different chemical components. Jade work originated from flint knapping techniques, which included percussion and rubbing of the lithic technology. This research concentrates particularly rubbing techniques. Blade sawing is an abrasive motion that through rubbing (polishing) which leads to part of workpiece being worn away. The three common sawing techniques on jade are blade cutting, string cutting and rotary cutting (wheel cutting and drilling). These techniques are applied to both jade and precious hard stones. The Chinese archaeological field works unearthed numerous of large-long-flat-thin shaped jade and precious hard stone artifacts. These finished artifacts, semi-finished items and debitages indicate the strong evidence of different sawing technique performances. However, how blade-sawing technique was performed still uncertain. Archaeologists and scientists suggested different methods. In order to examine large scale-blade sawing technique, this thesis through experimental archaeology on sawing serpentine to simulate the operation of large scale blade sawing along with literature review of other sawing experiments. Experiment results along with the archaeological context and distribution of artifacts are analyzed. Furthermore, sand, an abrasive agent, and water play important roles in the sawing process. Abrasives increase the effectiveness of sawing on workpiece, while water cool down the saw itself to prevent breakage caused by over heat from continuous rubbing. This research also includes studying the selected specimens from Sanxingdui Site with blade sawing evidence. These artifacts provide a good clue to compare the cut marks from the experimental object. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Cheung, Yu Ling. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2012. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 96-103). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts also in Chinese. / Abstract --- p.ii / Abstract (Chinese version) --- p.iii / Acknowledgments --- p.iv / Table of Contents --- p.v / List of Tables --- p.vii / List of Figures --- p.viii / Chapter Chapter 1 --- : Jade Sawing --- p.1 / Chapter 1.0 --- Introduction / Chapter 1.1 --- Definition of jade --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Nephrite --- p.3 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Jadeite --- p.4 / Chapter 1.1.3 --- Serpentine / Chapter 1.2 --- Sawing and jade sawing --- p.5 / Chapter 1.3 --- Abrasives --- p.7 / Chapter 1.4 --- A brief history of the studies of Chinese jades --- p.9 / Chapter 1.4.1 --- The first stage --- p.10 / Chapter 1.4.2 --- The second stage --- p.11 / Chapter 1.4.3 --- The third stage --- p.12 / Chapter 1.5 --- The previous studies of the Chinese jade works --- p.13 / Chapter 1.5.1 --- Mou YougKang / Chapter 1.5.2 --- Zhang JingGuo and Chen QiXian --- p.15 / Chapter 1.5.3 --- Tang Chung --- p.18 / Chapter 1.6 --- The previous studies of jade/stone works in rest of the world --- p.20 / Chapter 1.6.1 --- Asia-Pacific / Chapter 1.6.1.1 --- Indian / Chapter 1.6.1.2 --- Maoris --- p.21 / Chapter 1.6.2 --- Americas / Chapter 1.6.2.1 --- Aztecan --- p.22 / Chapter 1.6.2.2 --- Mayan / Chapter 1.6.2.3 --- Costa Rican --- p.23 / Chapter 1.6.2.4 --- Incan / Chapter 1.6.3 --- Middle East --- p.24 / Chapter 1.6.3.1 --- Mesopotamian / Chapter 1.6.3.2 --- Egyptian --- p.25 / Chapter 1.7 --- Methodology --- p.26 / Chapter 1.8 --- Thesis organization --- p.29 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- : Blade Sawing Experiment on Serpentine --- p.31 / Chapter 2.0 --- Introduction / Chapter 2.1 --- Tested objects and equipment / Chapter 2.2 --- Experiment procedure --- p.38 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- The first cut / Chapter 2.2.2 --- The second cut --- p.43 / Chapter 2.3 --- Detachment and tested objects observation --- p.48 / Chapter 2.4 --- Experiment procedure (cont.) --- p.53 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- The third cut / Chapter 2.4.2 --- The fourth cut --- p.55 / Chapter 2.5 --- Results --- p.57 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- : Studies of Jade Artifacts from Sanxingdui Site --- p.60 / Chapter 3.0 --- Introduction / Chapter 3.1 --- Assemblage --- p.61 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Specimen from Pit 1 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Specimen from Pit 2 --- p.79 / Chapter 3.2 --- Statistical Presentation --- p.87 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Length of specimens / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Width of specimens --- p.88 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Thickness of specimens --- p.89 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- Relationship between length and width --- p.90 / Chapter 3.2.5 --- Relationship between length, width, and thickness --- p.91 / Chapter 3.3 --- Analysis and Discussion --- p.92 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- : Conclusion --- p.93 / Chapter 4.0 --- Discussion and Conclusion / Bibliography --- p.96 / Bibliography of Chinese Text --- p.100 / Bibliography of Online Text --- p.102 / Chapter Appendix 1 --- Dimensions of Assemblages --- p.103

No description available.

Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 1986.

Hannover, Universiẗat, Diss., 2004.

Nephrite is a compact, microfibrous variety of actinolite-tremolite in which bundles or tufts of minute fibers of the amphibole are twisted and thoroughly felted or interwoven with one another, producing a characteristic "nephritic" microstructure. In British Columbia, nephrite deposits, both in place and placer, are closely associated with a belt of alpine ultramafic rocks that extends for 1000 miles from the Hope area, east of Vancouver, northwestward to the Yukon border. The three major nephrite producing regions are the Bridge River - lower Fraser River area, the Takla Lake area and the Dease Lake area. The nephrite from British Columbia contains, in addition to essential tremolite, small amounts of chlorite, uvarovite, chrome spinel, diopside, talc, carbonate, sphene, phlogopite and pyrite. Grains of chrome spinel and uvarovite are usually visible in hand specimen. The colour of the majority of the specimens is yellowish green; this colouration is caused by the presence of iron in both the divalent and trivalent states. Polished surfaces of the nephrite have an average Vickers hardness of 950 Kg/mm² and an average Mohs hardness of 7. The average specific gravity is 3.00. The unit cell parameters of tremolite from British Columbia nephrite specimens are similar to those of nephritic tremolite from Siberia. X-ray diffraction data for the tremolite from these specimens are also in good agreement with those for nephritic tremolite from other localities. The nephrite specimens contain an average of 3.05 percent iron; small amounts of cobalt, nickel, manganese, copper, lead, zinc, chromium, titanium and vanadium are also present. Significant regional variations in the averages for iron, cobalt, manganese, copper, lead, zinc and vanadium are not observed when the specimens are grouped according to the area of origin; slight variations are observed in the average contents of nickel, chromium and titanium. The general similarity of the regional average values for these elements suggests that the nephrites have been formed in similar environments. At the O’Ne-ell Creek deposit in central British Columbia, nephrite occurs in a zone of tremolite-chlorite rock developed in serpentinite at the contact with metasomatically altered sediments. The nephrite has resulted from the metasomatic alteration, by addition of calcium and silica, of the serpentinite during the process of serpentinization. The calcium was derived from the pyroxenes contained in the original ultramafic rock; the source of the silica was the enclosing sediments. High concentrations of calcium and magnesium and relatively lower concentrations of sodium, iron, aluminum and silicon characterized the environment in which the nephrite formed. Calcium and sodium were perfectly mobile while the other elements were relatively inert. These conditions of mobility and concentration account for the fine fibrous nature of the nephritic tremolite. A temperature range of approximately 300°C to 500°C and a pressure in excess of 4 kilobars are suggested for the formation of the nephrite. / Arts, Faculty of / Geography, Department of / Graduate

許曉東. / "2001年6月" / 論文 (哲學碩士)--香港中文大學, 2001. / 參考文獻 (leaves 112-114) / 附中英文摘要. / "2001 nian 6 yue" / Xu Xiaodong. / Lun wen (zhe xue shuo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2001. / Can kao wen xian (leaves 112-114) / Fu Zhong Ying wen zhai yao. / Chapter 第一章 --- 遼代玉器硏究的回顧與考古材料 --- p.（1) / Chapter 第一節 --- 硏究的緣起 --- p.（1) / Chapter 第二節 --- 硏究的回顧 --- p.（3) / Chapter 第三節 --- 考古材料 --- p.（6) / Chapter 第二章 --- 遼代玉器的製作與使用 --- p.（13) / Chapter 第一節 --- 玉器的製作 --- p.（13) / Chapter (1) --- 遼代手工業概況 --- p.（13) / Chapter (2) --- 多層次的生產組織形式 --- p.（18) / Chapter (3) --- 製作技術 --- p.（22) / Chapter 第二節 --- 玉器的使用 --- p.（22) / Chapter (1) --- 朝廷用玉 --- p.（23) / Chapter (2) --- 日常用玉 --- p.（27) / Chapter (3) --- 賞賜與貢奉 --- p.（29) / Chapter (4) --- 朝聘往來 --- p.（30) / Chapter (5) --- 佛教用玉 --- p.（32) / Chapter (6) --- 喪葬用玉 --- p.（33) / Chapter 第三章 --- 遼代玉器的形制分析與分期 --- p.（40) / Chapter 第一節 --- 形制分析 --- p.（40) / Chapter (1) --- 玉帶 --- p.（40) / Chapter (2) --- 碗 --- p.（43) / Chapter (3) --- 杯 --- p.（45) / Chapter (4) --- 瓶 --- p.（47) / Chapter (5) --- 盒 --- p.（48) / Chapter (6) --- 組佩 --- p.（49) / Chapter (7) --- 肖生玉器 --- p.（53) / Chapter (8) --- 帶T形、心形墜之項飾 --- p.（55) / Chapter (9) --- 胸飾與臂飾 --- p.（57) / Chapter (10) --- 分髮簪、珠鏈、瓔珞 --- p.（59) / Chapter (11) --- 轡飾 --- p.（60) / Chapter (12) --- 飛天、佛塔、舍利罐、斧錘形器、金剛杵、海螺、法輪 --- p.（61) / Chapter (13) --- 水盂、硯、圍棋子、臂韛、嘎拉哈 --- p.（64) / Chapter (14) --- 花冠形飾、葉形飾、彎月形飾、三角形飾片、玉竹節… --- p.（65) / Chapter (15) --- 璧、玦、環、勾雲形器、玉錢、帽形飾、器柄 --- p.（66) / Chapter 第二節 --- 分期 --- p.（67) / Chapter (1) --- 早期 --- p.（68) / Chapter (2) --- 中期 --- p.（69) / Chapter (3) --- 晚期 --- p.（70) / Chapter 第四章 --- 遼代玉器與唐、宋、金玉器之比較 --- p.（73) / Chapter 第一節 --- 遼代玉器之特色 --- p.（73) / Chapter (1) --- 選材 --- p.（73) / Chapter (2) --- 工藝 --- p.（74) / Chapter (3) --- 文化構成 --- p.（75) / Chapter 第二節 --- 與唐代玉器之比較 --- p.（75) / Chapter (1) --- 器形 --- p.（75) / Chapter (2) --- 玉雕工藝與表現技法 --- p.（79) / Chapter (3) --- 對金銀器的借鑒 --- p.（82) / Chapter 第三節 --- 與宋代玉器之比較 --- p.（83) / Chapter (1) --- 鏤雕、淺浮雕技藝的吸收 --- p.（83) / Chapter (2) --- 寫實藝術風格的借鑒 --- p.（85) / Chapter (3) --- 仿古器的製作 --- p.（86) / Chapter (4) --- 中原傳統吉祥意象的接受 --- p.（86) / Chapter 第四節 --- 與金代玉器之比較 --- p.（89) / Chapter (1) --- 雕刻技法 --- p.（89) / Chapter (2) --- 題材 --- p.（90) / Chapter 第五章 --- 相關問題的探討 --- p.（97) / Chapter 第一節 --- 玉器發展的新機遇 --- p.（97) / Chapter 第二節 --- 多元文化因素的融合與民族特色的淡化 --- p.（100) / Chapter (1) --- 多元文化因素的融合 --- p.（100) / Chapter (2) --- 民族特色的淡化 --- p.（104) / Chapter 第三節 --- 歷史定位 --- p.（106) / Chapter 第四節 --- 硏究展望 --- p.（108) / 附錄 / 附錄一參考書目 --- p.（1) / 附錄二遼、五代、北宋、金紀年對照表 --- p.（2) / 附錄三遼代出土玉器一覽表 --- p.（3~1) / 附錄四圖版目錄 --- p.（4) / 附錄五彩色圖版說明 --- p.（5~1) / 附錄六黑白圖版 --- p.（6~1) / 圖錄七彩色圖版 --- p.（7)

Thesis (doctoral)--University of Glasgow, 2004. / BLDSC reference no.: DX242270.

We have created an eight-element antenna array system for evaluating various Angle of Arrival (AOA) Position Location (PL) algorithms, such as MUltiple SIgnal Classification (MUSIC) and Estimation of Signal Parameters via Rotational Invariance Techniques ESPRIT algorithms. Since using delay of arrival information can improve AOA estimates and classical PL algorithms do not incorporate Delay of Arrival (DOA) information, the performance of these algorithms is not optimal. Recently proposed Joint AOA and DOA Estimation (JADE) algorithms, though more complicated, potentially have higher resolutions in both space and time domains. Our investigation shows that by using bandlimited known signals it is possible to resolve the DOA within a fraction of the sample period using JADE algorithms. Joint AOA and DOA algorithms can provide high resolution DSP-based channel measurement using low bandwidth hardware. / Master of Science

Thesis (M.A.)?--Zhong guo wen hua xue yuan. / Cover title. Reproduced from typescript. Includes bibliographical references (p. 88-89).