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The present study utilized the ecological-transactional theory (Bronfenbrenner, 1983; Cicchetti & Lynch, 1993) as a theoretical framework for examining the relationship between Community Violence Exposure (CVE) and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) among Jamaican inner-city children and adolescents. Social support and spirituality/religiosity were proposed as potential mediating factors. Based on the empirical and theoretical literature, two competing models were designed and tested, a priori. In the primary model, CVE was proposed to directly impact PTSD both directly and indirectly through social support and spirituality/religiosity. The alternate model tested the full meditational effect of social support and spirituality/religiosity on the relationship between CVE and PTSD. It was hypothesized that the primary model would adequately fit the data. Structural equation modeling was used to assess the fit of the two models to the data for the present study. Results indicated a poor fit for both the primary and the alternate model. However, post hoc model modification yielded adequate fit with the removal of social support from the model. Theoretical, research, and practice implications are discussed in relation to these findings, as well as methodological limitations and directions for future research. The study concluded that spirituality/religiosity has the potential to protect Jamaican inner-city children and adolescents from the consequences of CVE / Access permanently restricted to Ball State community only / Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services

Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited / The identification, selection and employment of better resource allocation models or practices is the aim of this research. As nations seek to employ their resources in a more efficient manner while deriving more effective outputs, those elected to public office must be willing to involve other members of the society in their decision-making. National security is one such area that is in need of a shared vision if it is to achieve the desired results. This paper examines the resource allocation process for national security in Jamaica. The purpose of this study is to establish whether the current process is adequate for addressing this aspect of the country's expenditure, as it impacts upon every citizen and every other area of the nation's affairs. In establishing whether the Jamaican model is adequate, a study of the processes used in three developed countries, namely Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States is done with a view of identifying the strengths and weaknesses of each process. The understanding of best practices in the field of national security is important, since after all, foreign trade and hence economic prosperity are more likely to be associated with nations that create secure environments. How much to allocate to defense and the consideration of all other viable alternatives is crucial. Only then can the nation look objectively at its unique situation. / Major, Jamaica Defence Force

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This thesis attempts to chart the development of a Jamaican musical form known as dub. This development is considered primarily in terms of the island's encounter with a series of new playback, amplification, recording, and sound treatment technologies. Section I focuses on the formation of the Jamaican sound system (a network of powerful mobile discos) and its pivotal role in the birth of a fertile domestic record industry. Section II extends the investigation to the Jamaican recording studio and record industry. What distinguishes this work from others on Jamaican dub is its emphasis on technology, and theories of technology, within a geo-political framework. In Section I, this emphasis is most notably informed by the work of Harold Innis, Karl Marx and Lewis Mumford, with Marshall McLuhan and Walter Benjamin becoming more prominent in Section II. Key technologies in this analysis include mechanization (mechanical reproducibility), the Williamson amplification circuit, the House of Joy speaker, the dub plate (acetate phonograph) and vinyl record, twin-turntables and the microphone, the magnetic tape recorder, and perhaps most importantly, the multi-track recorder and interface (the multi-track mixing-board).