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Polyphonie XVe–XVIIe siècle: Ein neuartiger Unterricht am Pariser MusikkonservatoriumTrachier, Olivier 22 September 2023 (has links)
Der Unterricht ›Polyphonie XVe– XVIIe siècles‹ wurde 1992 von Xavier Darasse gegründet, Rektor des CNSMD in Paris, und von Anfang an den Autor übertragen. Es handelt sich um eine der fünf Disziplinen der Spezialisierung ›écriture musicale‹ (Harmonie, Kontrapunkt, Fuge und Formen, 20.–21. Jahrhundert) und die einzige, die auf ein älteres Repertoire eingeht. Sie lebt von einem sehr offenen Geist und stützt sich grundsätzlich genauso auf alte wie auf aktuelle musikalische und theoretische Quellen. Das Repertoire, das erarbeitet wird, erstreckt sich in etwa über die Jahre 1475–1625, also über 150 Jahre. Die Werke, die als Modelle für die Komposition dienen, stammen sowohl von richtungsweisenden Komponisten wie Josquin, Lassus, Palestrina, Guerrero, Marenzio oder Monteverdi wie auch von Meistern spezieller Kompositionen wie dem englischen Madrigal oder dem deutschen polyphonen Choral. Ansonsten wird das Repertoire, das erarbeitet wird, fast jedes Jahr neu aufgestellt. In der Abschlussprüfung muss der Prüfling der Jury drei Werke präsentieren: ein mehrchöriges Stück (8 oder 12 Stimmen), in der Regel geistlich, ein kurzes, technisch anspruchsvolles Stück (z.B. ein komplexer Kanon) und ein Stück mit vier oder fünf Stimmen, das einem sehr charakteristischem Genre zuzuordnen ist (z.B. ein Madrigal), das in der ›mise en loge‹ erarbeitet wird. Dem Text und seinem Bezug zur Musik im Kontext der freien Künste und besonders der Rhetorik werden große Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt, vor allem dargestellt von den deutschen Musiktheoretikern der Renaissance. Das Curriculum folgt einem sehr radikal fortschreitendem Weg und geht dabei von einem einfachen Kontrapunkt zu zwei Stimmen (gesungen oder geschrieben) zum ›fleuri‹ mit 8 oder 12 Stimmen über. Ein Unterricht dieser Art sieht sich als Ergänzung der anderen Disziplinen der Komposition und bemüht sich, die Kenntnis des ›klassisch‹ genannten Repertoires auf älteren notwendigen und ausreichenden Basen zu festigen. / The author of this article had the privilege of taking the course Polyphonie XVe– XVIIe siècles, which was founded in 1992 by Xavier Darasse, Rector of the CNSMD in Paris, from its inception. The course deals with one of the five specialized disciplines of écriture musicale (harmony, counterpoint, fugue and form, 20th – 21st century); it is also the only course that includes early music. It is infused with a very open spirit and makes use of both older and newer musical and theoretical sources. The repertoire examined in the course ranges from 1475 to 1625 and thus over 150 years. The works that serve as compositional models also stem from significant composers like Josquin, Lassus, Palestrina, Guerrero, Marenzio, and Monteverdi, as well as masters of specific genres like the English madrigal or the German polyphonic chorale. Moreover, the repertoire treated in the course changes almost every year. In the final examination the candidate must present the jury with three works: a polychoral piece (8 or 12 voices; generally sacred); a brief, technically demanding pieces (e.g. a complex canon), and a piece with four or five voices taken from a specific genre (e.g. a madrigal), which is written in isolation (mise en loge). Great attention is paid to the text and its relation to the music in context of the liberal arts and especially rhetoric as represented by German music theorists of the Renaissance. The curriculum follows a radically progressive path and goes from simple counterpoint in three voices (sung or written) to florid counterpoint with 8 or 12 voices. Instruction of this kind can be understood as complementary to other compositional disciplines and attempts and provide a traditional and most necessary foundation for knowledge of the above-named “classical” repertoire.
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To begin, continue and complete : music in the wider context of artistic patronage by Pope Alexander VI (1492-1503) and the hymn cycle of CS 15Robb, Stuart James January 2011 (has links)
This thesis takes as its area of exploration the papal chapel choir and its repertory, alongside the papacy and its patronage of the arts at the end of the fifteenth century. It draws on previous research concerning the singers, polyphonic manuscripts and artistic culture of the Vatican, but places Pope Alexander VI as the central figure of the thesis, showing schemes of patronage that shaped his reign. The research presents a transcription and analysis of the hymn cycle contained within the manuscript Cappella Sistina 15, alongside an assessment of the polyphonic music collection and places these against accounts of music making and evidence of music copying at the papal chapel during Alexander’s reign. The thesis also considers the environment of secular music making at Alexander’s court. In order to provide a context in which to understand this information, the life of Alexander VI is examined, tracing his artistic patronage and involvement with music both prior to his election and afterwards. Of particular note is the engagement of the artist Pintoricchio to decorate the papal apartments. Here, the artist’s representation of music as part of the seven liberal arts is analysed, providing a unique, contemporary and important insight into music practices in Alexander’s court. Three classifications of patronage are identified for Alexander’s reign, while also showing that these were strategies that he had used before he became pope. The music culture at the papal chapel is shown to be part of this strategy, through the consolidation of old music and the introduction of new music into the repertory, ending a task that had taken approximately 60 years. It shows that Alexander’s reign was an important period musically, that instituted new musical traditions and created an environment that prepared the way for the golden ages of patronage of Julius II and Leo X.
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