This thesis attempts to bring an amalgam of cultural, biblical, missiological and theological approaches to the theme of filial piety, to illuminate the development of Korean Protestantism and to shape a theology of filial piety. The work is divided into six chapters. Chapter One searches for the central theme in the Confucian Classics. The question of what is the central theme is an on-going debate among Confucian scholars. A lengthy discussion shows that filial piety is the central theme. Chapter Two argues that filial piety in early Korean literature was in continuity with the filial piety of the Confucian Classics and was used as a discontinuity with Buddhism. Chapter Three investigates how ancestor worship weakened in Korean culture and how Christian and biblical narratives deal with ancestor worship. This controversial issue is discussed in terms of the Confucian Classics and early Korean literature, and sociological, Christian and biblical perspectives. Chapter Four attempts to show that filial piety towards Yahweh in the Old Testament is in continuity with filial piety in the Confucian Classics and early Korean literature. It is argued why and how filial piety towards Yahweh the Father is emphasised within six books. Exodus, Deuteronomy, Isaiah, Jeremiah, Hosea and Malachi. Chapter Five examines the filial piety of Jesus in the Four Gospels as an aspect of imitatio Christi. For this examination two questions are asked: (i) to what extent does the filial respect of Jesus towards his human parents relate to the filial piety of Jesus towards the Father? (ii) To what extent does the filial piety of Jesus towards the Father affect his disciples in their filial piety towards the Father? Chapter Six shapes a theology of filial piety as a consequence of chapters two to five and a contribution to a new Korean theology. In shaping this new theology as an authentic local theology a proper model is necessary. The models of two scholars (Robert J. Schreiter and Stephen B. Bevans) are examined to create a better model, which consists of two criteria (cultural relevance and biblical faithfulness). These criteria are used for the shape of a new local theology. Based upon these criteria, a basic outline of a theology of filial piety is established. This theological formation connects cultural relevance as discussed in chapters one and two, and biblical faithfulness as in chapters four, five and some portions of chapter six.

The purpose of this investigation was to define and analyze some operational parameters of the FAS process. Specifically: the settleability of filamentous sludge produced by the treatment system, the yield coefficient of the biological population, and the carbon to phosphorus ratio which limits organic removal efficiency. Findings of this study indicate that the sludges produced by the FAS process have settling characteristics and settleability remarkably similar to the solids of conventional activated sludge. While being tested, the sludges displayed a single clearly defined sludge-supernatant interface, good compaction, and cohesion between particles. The effect of varied diameter cylinders revealed that the true settleability of the sludge could not be determined in cylinders with a diameter less than 10 cm because smaller diameter settling tubes accentuated the "wall effect." The SVI and suspended solids appeared to be directly related because as the solids concentration decreased the SVI increased. No significant relationship could be established between the suspended solids concentration and the interface settling velocity because factors other than solids concentration influenced the value of this parameter. The yield coefficient of 0.23 derived from this investigation is approximately one-half the value associated with activated sludge but comparable to some coefficients reported for the FAS process. Filamentous organisms are capable of utilizing twice as much carbon per unit of phosphorus as the organisms of conventional activated sludge. A carbon to phosphorus ratio of 307:1, based on C.O.D., was found to be the limiting ratio for efficient organic removal. The amount of carbon used by the system per mg/l of phosphorus uptake averaged 230 mg/l as C.O.D. both before and after breakpoint. The dominant organisms in the biological unit throughout this investigation were fungi. / Master of Science

'The conservatives' rout', a study in politics, literature, and philosophy, is an endeavor to trace historically the course of conservative thought in Britain and America from the beginning of the French Revolution to the present day.

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This thesis examines the nature and value of art. It is primarily concerned to advance an argument which makes sense of the significance we ordinarily afford art, rather than rendering it merely aesthetic and thus cognitively trivial. Contrary to philosophical orthodoxy, it is argued that 'art' does not have two distinct senses. Rather, we should understand art as an inherently evaluative, evolving cultural practice. Thus, I argue, 'art' is essentially a cluster concept. I consider an account of art according to which it is in the pleasure art affords, that its value lies. However, though we derive pleasure even from apparently unpleasant artworks, the mark of art's value lies elsewhere. That is, the pleasure we derive from art is the result of an artwork's being of value in some other way. Through critically assessing the standard accounts of art's value, I argue that art's pleasures are primarily cognitive. Furthermore, I argue, the cognitive value of art arises primarily from the engagement of our imagination and interpretation of artworks. That is, we enjoy the imaginative activity of engaging with artworks and the promotion of particular imaginative understandings. Furthermore, as imaginative understanding is of fundamental importance in grasping the nature of our world and others, art may have a distinctive significance. That is, art may afford insights into and thus promote our imaginative understandings of our world and others. Thus, through the promotion of imaginative understanding, art may cultivate our moral understanding. Therefore, art is of profound significance and import.

An investigation by G. P. Cubbin into the local placename sources of Lancashire of a time when the vernacular had a low status isolated the Whalley Coucher Book as the one that most seemed to deserve further scrutiny. That book therefore forms the basis of the present study. The Coucher Boook is a mediaeval work of monastic provenance and is a compilation of deeds received by Whalley Abbey over the period. The interest of the source lies in its representation of many place-names by writers who may be supposed to have been familiar with them. Whalley's placename corpus affords scope for examination of variation that is of dialectal significance. A searching analysis is undertaken of the evidence that the Whalley Coucher Book offers. Questions of dating, of location of place-names, of the elements that compose them, and of the status of the text have to be examined with a view to elucidating the significance for phonology of this evidence. Such examination is carried out at length, and it is hoped that these aspects of the present work may be found to have application in linguistic and historical inquiry both for the actual results relative to the Whalley Coucher Book and for the methodological demonstration. A considerable amount of dialectal phonological information from the source is presented in this thesis. It is critically examined and collated and the attempt is made to derive actual usage in the territory and period concerned. On the whole the conclusion is that most of the evidence does reflect the dialect and that it produces a believable distribution of forms. Some of the dialectal information thus acquired appears as new. More commonly, however, this study confirms the existing picture or makes it somewhat more precise. The evidence does not escape the uneven coverage that is to be expected in place-name evidence for dialect. Although the amount of the evidence of the Whalley Coucher Book and its general consistency are comparatively good, the finding of this work is that they are not enough to establish the original suggestion that the Coucher Book might deserve reliance without reference to, and even in total defiance of, other local sources. The present study concludes that the best evidence consists of a select group of sources amongst which Whalley may be taken as pre-eminent.

This project concerns a Jewish community in the city of Kobe, Japan and its condition of memory/history. It attempts to create a film of this condition. The project consists of a written thesis and a 40min film. The written thesis describes the process of developing a creative strategy for the film. There are already many films which choose migration as a subject. And because of the loose meaning of migration, different kind of topics are and can be labeled under migration. In this project, I attempt to make a film which is intrinsic to this case. My research process starts with fieldwork to understand this Jewish community. Through a 10 month period of fieldwork mainly in Kobe, Japan, I discovered the incompleteness of history or memory in this Jewish community. In other words, the fragility of their history and collective memory in this place. I set the research question for this project as: ‘what kind of filmic form can respond to this incomplete memory/history condition?' To address this research question, I first examine this fragility of memory and history through an interdisciplinary set of references, such as migration studies, memory studies, and urban studies. I argue that ‘trace' is a useful concept in accessing a past, in spite of the incompleteness of history/memory in this place. I also conceptualize the idea of a geographical trace seeking to understand the nature of migrational traces. I then move on to discussing how the idea of a material trace is not sufficient to adequately attend to this memory/history condition of the Jewish community in Kobe. I first paid attention to existing material traces such as the synagogue, but there is a limit to this approach since much has disappeared. These traces of the community that still exist and the invisible traces that don't anymore form a temporal layer of the city. Also, some of the traces were dispersed and located in other places, such as New York City and Washington, D.C. in the USA. These traces were also invisible in a sense that they are out of the purview from Kobe. The traces located in Kobe and found in New York City and Washington, D.C. form a geographical layer mediated by the experience of migration. Based on this field examination, and also engaging with a corpus of films, documentary theory, and discussions in visual anthropology, I propose what I call a poetics of delay. This poetics of delay seeks to employ cinematic means to translate the condition of history/memory of the Jewish community in Kobe with its gaps and forms of invisibility. I argue that this poetics of delay can communicate the partiality and invisibility of the past through sustaining a literal delay in seeing and knowing within the viewer's experience. The aim of the film is not to provide an undisputed historical narrative of the Jewish community, though it does reflect on that history. Rather, it attempts to represent the difficulty of retrieving history and recovering memory through the medium of documentary film.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Music and math are related in that 1) they both rely on the basic understanding of numbers, proportions, intervals, measurements, and operations and 2) both require levels of abstract thinking and symbolic notation. Studies link music and math by examining, for example, how music may play a role in math performance. There are, however, few studies that examine how a musical curriculum may impact not only math performance, but math related variables including math anxiety, math self-efficacy, and math motivation. This study sought to develop and assess the feasibility of MuSciQ, a music technology-based curriculum, and explore how it might impact math anxiety, math selfefficacy, math motivation, and math performance in twelve fourth-grade students. Additionally, acceptability of the MuSciQ curriculum was assessed by students, a teacher, and a school administrator by using the Technology Acceptance Model. Participants experienced large, significant improvements in math anxiety scores and significant improvement in math motivation. Math performance and self-efficacy showed small, non-significant improvements. When split by gender, only math anxiety scores showed statistically significant improvement in males. As expected, there was a significant positive correlation between motivation and self-efficacy before and after the curriculum was introduced. There was also a significant positive correlation between technology acceptance and motivation. Surprisingly, although there were significant positive correlations between the pre- anxiety and motivation measures, there were no significant correlations after the curriculum was introduced. There were no significant correlations found between anxiety and technology acceptance. There was, however, a significant correlation between technology acceptance and self-efficacy. Technology acceptance and additional qualitative comments provided by students and administrators suggest MuSciQ is an easy and useful platform to promote music and math learning. These findings point to a need for further investigation into the influence of MuSciQ on math related variables.

Interferon (IFN) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) are apoptosis regulators that are targeted by viruses to promote survival of infected cells. Significant crosstalk exists between IFN and PI3K, and this study sought to investigate the relationships between IFN, PI3K and apoptosis during virus infection. Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5) and influenza A virus (IAV) are both negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses that encode multifunctional proteins in order to maximise their genome coding capacity. The PIV5 V and IAV NS1 proteins are well-studied as IFN antagonists and, in addition, both are reported to modulate PI3K signalling. Less well-studied is the role of these proteins in apoptosis regulation; the ability of V and NS1 to inhibit apoptosis was therefore investigated. PIV5/V was found to limit cell death in response to a number of apoptosis inducers in a manner that required its STAT1- degradative activity and also inhibited activation of the PI3K downstream target, Akt. IAV/NS1 binds directly to PI3K to stimulate its activity, and this is reported to mediate anti-apoptotic signalling during IAV infection. However, a virus expressing an NS1 unable to bind PI3K did not induce more apoptosis than wt virus. NS1 expression, either in a stable cell-line or during virus infection, was also unable to protect cells from pro-apoptotic stimuli. NS1-mediated PI3K activation similarly had no effect on IFN production or ISG expression in infected cells. In contrast, other NS1 mutant viruses induced large amounts of apoptosis. These viruses also induced significant levels of IFN and were unable to cause apoptosis in IFN-deficient cells, indicating that NS1 limits apoptosis induction through its IFN antagonist functions. The implications of this work for anti-cancer and anti-viral therapies are discussed.

Francis Fukuyama's End of History paradigm critiques the post-Cold War era. His premise is that liberal democracy is emerging as a global phenomenon because of the collapse of communism as a viable ideology. As a result, the states of the international system are then able to concentrate their efforts in economic maximization and in the building of an international consumer environment. Fukuyama's paradigm is compared to the integration scholarship of David Mitrany and Ernst B. Haas. As Fukuyama perceives nationalism becoming a less relevant issue in Western Europe because of the progressive elements of economic and political integration, Mitrany was one of the earlier political theorists to articulate that the purpose of politics was about the solving of practical problems of states through the development of functional international agencies. Haas believed that not only was nationalism dormant in Western Europe, but that its states would slowly but surely relinquish their sovereignty because of pressure from economic and political groups interested in the development of a supranational Europe. What Haas came to realize, however, was that the concepts of sovereignty and self-determination remain important variables in certain regions of Western Europe. The purpose of this dissertation, then, is to examine the clash between economic maximization and the role of ideas in Western Europe focusing particularly on a state not known for its nationalistic fervour. This dissertation examines the British Conservative Party's and the Scottish National Party's (SNP) position regarding devolution (the Union) and the future scope of the European Union. The SNP is important to analyse because it offers a radical alternative to the status quo and, moreover, this project examines the Party's internal divisions over the EU and its relevance to the devolution principle. There are certain factions within the Tory Party which perceive the establishment of a single currency as detrimental to parliamentary sovereignty and that there should be a repatriation of functions back to the member states. This empirical exercise adds credibility to the argument that despite the alleged and perceived benefits of further economic and political integration, there are political groups who perceive certain issues, like self-determination, worth defending. In a liberal democracy there can exist clashes over fundamental issues. This, thus, offers a sound contribution to the End of History debate.