A comparison of a 1976 bathymetric survey of Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, Hawaii, with that of a 1927 survey indicates that there has been an average shoaling of the lagoonal area by 3.3 feet. Shoaling for the north and middle bay at 1.4 ft/49 years is at a considerably lower rate than for the south bay at 5.2 ft/49 years. Sedimentological studies, based on dredging history and detailed chemical, mineralogical and grain-size analyses of 251 bottom samples, suggest that the total volume of fill into the bay during the 49 year period is approximately 25,500,000 cubic yards. Of this amount, approximately 63% is carbonate detritus from the barrier, fringing, and patch reefs as well as by the living corals, 11% is dredging spoils, and the remaining 27% is attributed to terrigenous detritus. The terrigenous fraction, contributed primarily by stream loading and sheet-wash, brings approximately 69,300 tons of sediment to the lagoon per year. Seismic reflection profiles, which span the length of the bay and include additional lines in the south bay, show that most of the infilling material is unconsolidated sediment trapped between and burying coralline structures built during ancient, lower stands of the sea. All information suggests that shoaling rates within the bay have increased since 1927 due to higher stream loads from increased urbanization as well as to extensive dredging and disposal operations. This is particularly evident in the area of the south bay. / Typescript. Thesis (M. S.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1977. Bibliography: leaves 140-145.

Typescript. Bibliography: leaves 89-91.

TIlis study, covering a period of eight months, was undertaken to determine if measurable changes in characteristics occur in sea water passing over a shallow coral reef. The parameters studied include salinity, temperature, current velocities, dissolved oxygen, pH, dissolved organic carbon and particulate organic and suspended inorganic carbon. Staining and microscopic observations were made to supplement the other data. The results showed noticeable increases in oxygen, pH, particulate organic and inorganic carbon abundance in the central portion of the reef, which were attributed to the influence of extensive growths of benthic algae found on the seaward edge. Dissolved organic carbon concentration increased gradually across the reef, and there is evidence that inorganic carbonate is being accumulated on the leeward side of the reef. / Typescript. Bibliography: leaves [53]-55.

The present study, planned as a quantitative investigation of the phytoplankton of Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii, over a period of one year, was undertaken to supplement present knowledge of seasonal, distributional, floristic, and ecological features of the phytoplankton in Kaneohe Bay. The objectives of this study were: 1. To identify and enumerate phytoplankton collected at selected stations at re~ular intervals over a period of one year 2. To attempt to determine the factors that control variations in the qualitative and quantitative makeup of the phytoplankton 3. To relate the quantitative data obtained in this study with other ecological data obtained by other investigators in a concurrent study. / Typescript. Thesis (M. S.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1972. Bibliography: leaves [106]-109.

Typescript. / Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii, 1965. / Bibliography: leaves 186-193. / xix, 193 l graphs, maps, tables, mounted photos

Lingula is one of the most morphologlcally conservative genera known. Thls brachiopod has remained essentially unmodified for 350-400 mllllon years (Hyman, 1959. Paine, 1963). It is one of the oldest, if not the oldest, llvlng animal genus wlth a fossil record, and is well represented in the geologic column from the Ordovician. Deposits containing Lingula are thought to have been formed in a shallow, warm, sea water environment (Weller, 1957, Cloud, 1948). Their fossil remains occur on all continents (except possibly Africa) in most kinds of sedimentary facies, but most frequently ln black-shales and related sediments (Moore, Lalioker and Fisher, 1952). [...] This investigation, which extended from June 1967 to February 1969, deals with the distribution, limiting factors, interspecific interactions, feeding, growth and other aspects of the life history of Lingula reevii in the southern sector of Kaneohe Bay. The main objectives were 1) to understand the ecological position of Lingula reevii, especially with respect to limiting factors, interspecific interactions, distributional pattern and growth and 2) to use this ecological information as an aid in the understanding of the ancient environments in which Lingula is found as a fossil. / Typescript. Bibliography: leaves 48-49.

Typescript. Bibliography: leaves 46-47.

The chaetognath Sagitta enflata dominates the standing stock of macrozooplankton,and of planktonic carnivores, in the southern basin of Kaneohe Bay. During 1973-74, sampling with vertical net hauls showed no horizontal patchiness in the population. The abundance varied temporally, mainly over periods of months; shorter-term variations were similar to those expected between replicate hauls. Between 1968-69 and 1973-74, both the stock and the dominance of Sagitta in the community increased; both may be related to enrichment of the basin with sewage. Individual Sagitta eat an average of seven prey items per animal per day. The ration in terms of nitrogen or other weight measures varies with animal length, larger Sagitta ingesting more material each day, but smaller Sagitta ingesting a larger fraction of their own body weight daily. Sagitta's predation has little impact on the prey populations, other than Oikopleura, which is the main food of larger Sagitta. Sagitta excretes ammonium and phosphate at rates roughly similar to other zooplankton of similar size. When feeding is prevented during excretion experiments, the specific excretion rates decrease rapidly with time, approaching those observed in laboratory-starved animals. Like other zooplankton, Sagitta has higher N/P ratios in its body tissue than its prey; its soluble excreta thus have a still lower ratio. Despite its abundance and dominance of macroplankton stock, Sagitta is only a minor contributor to nutrient regeneration in the southern basin, which is to be expected, based on its trophic position. The population's rates of growth and mortality were considerably higher than the net change in the stock during most periods analyzed. The instantaneous rates of birth and death are strongly correlated, suggesting a feedback mechanism regulating the population. The population incorporates carbon at about 1% of the rate of primary production in the basin. This is consistent with ecological efficiencies of 10% at each of the two steps froln producers to herbivores to Sagitta's position as the dominant primary carnivore among the plankton. Most of Sagitta's production is probably consumed by predators in the southern basin. The major predator may be nehu, a fish taken for tuna bait from this and other nearby environments. With the planned diversion of sewage from the basin, it is likely that both the stock and the dominance of Sagitta in the southern basin will decrease. / Thesis for the degree of Master of Science (University of Hawaii at Manoa). Typescript. Bibliography: leaves 140-147.

Nine series of vertically-stratified zooplankton tows were made with a closing net at a single station in southern Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, Hawaii, between 31 August 1973 and 11 April 1974. Sampling periods occupied from 12 to 26 hours, with tows usually taken at about 3 m intervals between the surface and a maximum depth of 10 m. A total of 21,254 fish larvae of 49 kinds was collected. Six species were abundant: Foa brachygrammus, Omobranchus elongatus, Callionymus decoratus, Caranx mate, Stolephorus purpureus, and Abudefduf abdominalis. Blennius sp. and Gnathanodon speciosus were commonly taken in small numbers. These common larvae displayed five "distribution patterns: 1. F. brachygrammus and the smallest S. purpureus were most abundant near the surface at night and at depths below 4 m during the day; 2. C. mate and G. speciosus were dispersed throughout the water column at night and usually most abundant between 5 m and 6 m depth during the day; 3. Blennius sp., o. elongatus, and A. abdominalis were dispersed throughout the water column at night and concentrated near the surface during the day; 4. the larger ~. purpureus maintained a level of maximum abundance below 6 m day and night; 5. C. decoratus was taken at all depths at all times. Patterns 1, 2, and 3 are shown to be light-related. Pattern 4 is shown to be partially attributable to avoidance of the towed net by S. purpureus larvae larger than about 6mm, and a feeding-related migration is proposed to account for pattern 5. The observed patterns are analogous to those shown for fish larvae in the open ocean on scales of from 50 m to 200 m. It is proposed that Kaneohe Bay represents a vertically compressed ocean with respect to the vertical distribution of fish larvae. / Typescript. Bibliography: leaves 130-134.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 64-70). / xii, 70 leaves, bound ill., maps 29 cm