Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2002. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references. Available also from UMI Company.

no / In two experiments, we investigated whether 4- to 5-year-old children's ability to demonstrate their understanding of aspectuality was influenced by how the test question was phrased. In Experiment 1, 60 children chose whether to look or feel to gain information about a hidden object (identifiable by sight or touch). Test questions referred either to the perceptual aspect of the hidden object (e.g., whether it was red or blue), the modality dimension (e.g., what colour it was), or the object's identity (e.g., which one it was). Children who heard the identity question performed worse than those who heard the aspect or dimension question. Further investigation in Experiment 2 (N= 23) established that children's difficulty with the identity question was not due to a problem recalling the objects. We discuss how the results of these methodological investigations impact on researchers’ assessment of the development of aspectuality understanding.

no / We investigated whether 6-year-olds’ understanding of perceptual aspectuality was sufficiently robust to deal with the presence of irrelevant information. A total of 32 children chose whether to look or feel to locate a specific object (identifiable by sight or touch) from four objects that were hidden. In half of the trials, the objects were different on only one modality (e.g., four objects that felt different but were the same color). In the remainder of the trials, the objects also differed (partially) on one irrelevant modality (e.g., four objects that felt different, two red and two blue, where the goal was to locate the soft object). Performance was worse on the latter trials. We discuss children’s difficulty in dealing with irrelevant information.

This study investigates if companies that actively use export information have higher export growth rates or greater satisfaction with export performance measures than non-users. Organizational communication structures relating to information flow to decision makers is investigated to provide further insight into the role of export information. The study is based upon the knowledge utilization theory which states company/user characteristics are as important to information utilization as the characteristics of the specific piece of information. Bivariate analysis does not indicate a direct relationship between information use and reported higher export growth rates over the past four years. However, there are indications of divergence in how information users and non-users view and utilize information. One critical finding is that information users have a statistically significant relationship toward symbolic utilization of export information. Additional differences were observed in third-party information use versus monitoring world news to evaluate export operations. The study investigates company characteristics against the three components of knowledge utilization (instrumental, conceptual and symbolic use) and the five components of information use (competitive advantage, information acquisition/need, influence of information on decisionmaking, organizational learning and organizational knowledge/information processing).

Thesis (M.Psych.Org.) - University of Queensland, 2004. / Includes bibliography.

Thesis (doctoral)--Swiss Federal Institute for Environmental Science and Technology, 2005. / Title from PDF file (viewed on Jan. 18, 2007). "DISS ETH No. 15918." Includes bibliographical references.

This study investigated the association between the severity of Tourette Syndrome (TS) and comorbid tendencies (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), and rage), maternal differential treatment, fairness evaluation of maternal differential treatment, and communication with both sibling and family relationships. Fifty-five mothers and healthy siblings of individuals with Tourette Syndrome participated in the study. The parents provided information regarding family demographics and the severity of Tourette Syndrome and comorbid tendencies, and the healthy siblings completed the sibling and family relationship questionnaires. The questionnaires were posted on a secure website, where the parents and healthy siblings could complete the online measures via internet connections. <br /><br /> The study revealed several important findings. The results showed significant associations between the severity of Tourette Syndrome and comorbid OCD, ADHD and rage tendencies thus suggesting that studying Tourette Syndrome without considering comorbidity would be unrealistic. Additionally, communication regarding Tourette Syndrome between the healthy siblings and their parents played an important role with respect to sibling and family relationships. Communication between the healthy siblings and their parents predicted more warmth between the healthy siblings and their sibling with Tourette Syndrome as well as more family cohesion and adaptability as reported by the healthy siblings. Communication had a significant moderating effect on both severity of Tourette Syndrome and healthy siblings' fairness evaluation of maternal differential treatment in predicting family relationships. When the sibling had less severe Tourette Syndrome, the healthy siblings reported more family adaptability when they had more communication with their parents, and reported less family adaptability when they had less communication with their parents. The results also indicated that when healthy siblings perceived their maternal differential treatment to be unfair, they reported more family cohesion when they had more communication with their parents, and reported less family cohesion when they had less communication with their parents. The study did not support the negative impact of maternal differential treatment on sibling relationships; however, the results confirmed the previous findings regarding the moderating effect of fairness evaluation on maternal differential treatment in predicting sibling relationships. When the sibling with Tourette Syndrome was favored, the healthy siblings reported more sibling warmth when they perceived the favouritism (maternal differential treatment) to be fair. Furthermore, the results showed that healthy siblings' perceptions of maternal differential treatment could predict cohesion and adaptability in the family. The more the healthy siblings reported being treated differently by their mothers, the less cohesion and adaptability they reported in their families. <br /><br /> The present study supported previous studies in finding that sibling conflict decreased with age. The results also highlighted the role of age in moderating the effects of communication and maternal differential treatment in predicting sibling conflict. When healthy siblings had more communication with their parents they reported more conflict with their sibling with Tourette Syndrome when they were younger, and reported less sibling conflict with their sibling with Tourette Syndrome when they were older. Furthermore, when healthy siblings were favored by their mothers, they reported more conflict with their sibling with Tourette Syndrome when they were younger than when they were older, thereby emphasizing the importance of developmental differences in dynamics between the siblings. The significant contributions of the study include underlining the importance of communication, the relationship between Tourette Syndrome and comorbid conditions, and healthy siblings' perceptions of sibling and family relationships.

This study investigated the association between the severity of Tourette Syndrome (TS) and comorbid tendencies (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), and rage), maternal differential treatment, fairness evaluation of maternal differential treatment, and communication with both sibling and family relationships. Fifty-five mothers and healthy siblings of individuals with Tourette Syndrome participated in the study. The parents provided information regarding family demographics and the severity of Tourette Syndrome and comorbid tendencies, and the healthy siblings completed the sibling and family relationship questionnaires. The questionnaires were posted on a secure website, where the parents and healthy siblings could complete the online measures via internet connections. <br /><br /> The study revealed several important findings. The results showed significant associations between the severity of Tourette Syndrome and comorbid OCD, ADHD and rage tendencies thus suggesting that studying Tourette Syndrome without considering comorbidity would be unrealistic. Additionally, communication regarding Tourette Syndrome between the healthy siblings and their parents played an important role with respect to sibling and family relationships. Communication between the healthy siblings and their parents predicted more warmth between the healthy siblings and their sibling with Tourette Syndrome as well as more family cohesion and adaptability as reported by the healthy siblings. Communication had a significant moderating effect on both severity of Tourette Syndrome and healthy siblings' fairness evaluation of maternal differential treatment in predicting family relationships. When the sibling had less severe Tourette Syndrome, the healthy siblings reported more family adaptability when they had more communication with their parents, and reported less family adaptability when they had less communication with their parents. The results also indicated that when healthy siblings perceived their maternal differential treatment to be unfair, they reported more family cohesion when they had more communication with their parents, and reported less family cohesion when they had less communication with their parents. The study did not support the negative impact of maternal differential treatment on sibling relationships; however, the results confirmed the previous findings regarding the moderating effect of fairness evaluation on maternal differential treatment in predicting sibling relationships. When the sibling with Tourette Syndrome was favored, the healthy siblings reported more sibling warmth when they perceived the favouritism (maternal differential treatment) to be fair. Furthermore, the results showed that healthy siblings' perceptions of maternal differential treatment could predict cohesion and adaptability in the family. The more the healthy siblings reported being treated differently by their mothers, the less cohesion and adaptability they reported in their families. <br /><br /> The present study supported previous studies in finding that sibling conflict decreased with age. The results also highlighted the role of age in moderating the effects of communication and maternal differential treatment in predicting sibling conflict. When healthy siblings had more communication with their parents they reported more conflict with their sibling with Tourette Syndrome when they were younger, and reported less sibling conflict with their sibling with Tourette Syndrome when they were older. Furthermore, when healthy siblings were favored by their mothers, they reported more conflict with their sibling with Tourette Syndrome when they were younger than when they were older, thereby emphasizing the importance of developmental differences in dynamics between the siblings. The significant contributions of the study include underlining the importance of communication, the relationship between Tourette Syndrome and comorbid conditions, and healthy siblings' perceptions of sibling and family relationships.

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Submitted by Vanessa Nunes (vnunes@unisinos.br) on 2015-03-13T19:12:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 circulacao_saberes.pdf: 2465039 bytes, checksum: 31b9e7e71d543210ae19b173c8691631 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-13T19:12:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 circulacao_saberes.pdf: 2465039 bytes, checksum: 31b9e7e71d543210ae19b173c8691631 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-25 / Nenhuma / Essa tese busca elaborar o fenômeno da circulação de saberes sobre Jornalismo na sociedade em midiatização, especialmente no que concerne à compreensão de articulações entre circuitos estabelecidos e fluxos comunicacionais mais tentativos de prática e crítica jornalística. Para tanto, são observadas experiências de práticas jornalísticas (produção de blogs e sites por amadores e apropriação de notícia s em redes sociais) e experiências de críticas jornalísticas (circulação de textos acadêmicos e de especialistas em Jornalismo na Internet). A partir da análise desses casos, que são observados tão somente em suas características que servem ao fenômeno, busca-se apreender a relação (afetações, promessas e expectativas) entre circuitos e fluxos comunicacionais de prática e crítica jornalística na sociedade em midiatização. Os referenciais teóricos que tensionam esses observáveis derivam de perspectivas da midiatização desenvolvidas especialmente por Braga (2006; 2012a; 2014). Quanto à prática jornalística, essa tese produz inferências sobre a capacidade que os amadores têm em dominar lógicas midiáticas e criar seus próprios espaços de produção de sentidos e narrativas sobre o mundo, à parte de, mas também em relação, aos grandes meios de comunicação de massa. Acerca da crítica jornalística, as inferências produzidas revelam um cenário em que os circuitos acadêmicos já estabelecidos se fecham entre os próprios pesquisadores, enquanto que fluxos comunicacionais de crítica sobre a produção dos meios de comunicação são exercidos, ainda de maneira dispersa e tentativa, via redes sociais. Em ambos os eixos de análise – de prática e crítica jornalística – verifica-se, sobretudo, que saberes em Jornalismo circulam na sociedade em midiatização, independente da atuação de circuitos acadêmicos ou profissionais. / This thesis seeks to elaborate the phenomenon of circulation of knowledges about Journalism in the mediatization of society, especially as regards the understanding of linkages between established circuits and communicational flows more tentatives of practice and criticismo journalistic. To this end, experiments of journalistic practices (production of blogs and sites by amateur and appropriation of news in social networks) and the experiences of journalistic criticism (circulation of academic texts and experts in Journalism on the Internet) are observed. From the analysis of these cases, that are observed only in its features that it work to the phenomenon, we seek to apprehend relations (affectations, promises and expectations) between circuits and communicational flows of practice and criticism journalistic in the mediatization of society. The theoretical frameworks that work these observables are mediatization's perspectives specially developed by Braga (2006, 2012a, 2014). As for journalistic practice, this thesis produces inferences about the ability of amateurs to dominate media logics and create their own spaces of production of meanings and narratives about the world, apart from, but also in relation to major media. About journalistic criticism, the inferences produced reveal a scenario in which academics circuits established are closed between the researchers themselves, while comunicational flows of criticism about the production of the major media are exercised, in a dispersed and attempt manner, in the networks social. In both lines of analysis - of the practical and the criticism journalistic - we can saw that knowledges about the Journalism are circulating in the mediatization of society, regardless of the performance of academic or professional circuits.