Submitted by Noeme Timbo (noeme.timbo@metodista.br) on 2017-05-31T19:21:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ivete Rolim Daniel.pdf: 1614688 bytes, checksum: 7a82e07936150f2dcf6e210566d1d76d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-31T19:21:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ivete Rolim Daniel.pdf: 1614688 bytes, checksum: 7a82e07936150f2dcf6e210566d1d76d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-05-23 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This research has as main objective and general objective to understand how the practices of sharing of the knowledge management are applied in a public company of São Paulo. As a specific objective, to verify, analyze and identify the main reasons why the public company CETESB - Companhia Ambiental do Estado de São Paulo adopts knowledge, as knowledge sharing practice and the factors that favor or hinder the adoption of these practices and initiatives. In order to achieve this, we sought to gain a better understanding of the phenomenon that represents a set of processes that govern the creation, storage, dissemination and use of knowledge to achieve organizational excellence, based on the study of its main characteristics, the best way of sharing Knowledge. The study was developed under a qualitative approach, aiming at analyzing the existing approaches and models, indicating to the citizen taxpayers and the executives of the public organizations a panorama on the theme that generates new possibilities in the selection of actions related to the subject knowledge. The organization chosen for this study has invested in the construction and transfer of knowledge and in several improvements in its educational actions, fulfilling and ensuring excellence in its performance, mainly by the implementation of its higher school, strengthening its objectives, dissemination of knowledge, continuous updating and Encouraging the capacity for innovation through the sharing of knowledge. The method used was the case study with interviews and documentary analysis, which analyzed the knowledge sharing practices adopted by the organization, signaling to managers of public organizations, relevant aspects in this implementation and that will generate new alternatives for this public, In the adoption of knowledge sharing practices. / Esta pesquisa tem como interesse principal e objetivo geral compreender como as práticas de compartilhamento da gestão do conhecimento são aplicadas em uma empresa pública paulista. Como objetivos específicos verificar, analisar e identificar as principais razões pelas quais a empresa pública paulista CETESB – Companhia Ambiental do Estado de São Paulo adota o conhecimento, como prática de compartilhamento de conhecimento e os fatores que favorecem ou dificultam a adoção dessas práticas e iniciativas. Para isso buscou-se obter uma maior compreensão do fenômeno que representa um conjunto de processos que governa a criação, armazenagem, disseminação e a utilização do conhecimento para atingir a excelência organizacional, a partir do estudo de suas principais características, da melhor forma de compartilhamento dos conhecimentos. O estudo foi desenvolvido sob um enfoque qualitativo, pretendendo-se analisar as abordagens e modelos atualmente existentes, indicando ao cidadão contribuinte e aos executivos das organizações públicas um panorama sobre a temática que gera novas possibilidades na seleção de ações relacionadas ao assunto conhecimento. A organização eleita para este estudo investiu na construção e transferência de conhecimentos e em diversas melhorias em suas ações educacionais, cumprindo e assegurando excelência em sua atuação principalmente pela implantação da sua escola superior, fortalecendo seus objetivos, a difusão do conhecimento, a atualização contínua e incentivando a capacidade de inovação através do compartilhamento do conhecimento. O método utilizado foi o do estudo de caso com entrevistas e análise documental, onde foram analisadas as práticas de compartilhamento do conhecimento adotadas pela organização, sinalizando para gestores das organizações públicas, aspectos relevantes nessa implantação e que venham a gerar novas alternativas para esse público, na adoção das práticas de compartilhamento do conhecimento.

As organizations strengthen their presence overseas, the number of expatriates is increasing rapidly (Armstrong, & Li, in press; Brookfield Global Relocation Services, 2015). Expatriates are often used by multinational corporations (MNCs) for knowledge sharing (Fang, Jiang, Makino, & Beamish, 2010; Hocking, Brown, & Harzing, 2004). Knowledge sharing refers to a relational act based on a sender-receiver relationship which involves sending one's knowledge to another as well as receiving another's knowledge (Foss, Minbaeva, Pedersen, & Reinholt, 2009). Effective knowledge sharing is key for MNCs in order to create and sustain competitive advantage (Jensen & Szulanski, 2004; Schwaer, Biemann, & Voelpel, 2012; Wang & Noe, 2010). Given its relevance, organizations invest significant amounts of resources in the development of knowledge-management systems and provide employees with incentives to encourage knowledge sharing (Cabrera, Collins, & Salgado, 2006). MNCs however often face difficulties in encouraging employees to share their knowledge (Cabrera & Cabrera, 2002, 2005) and growing evidence suggests that in international contexts employees are even more reluctant to share their knowledge due to cultural, nationality, ethnicity and linguistic barriers (Gilson, Lim, Luciano, & Choi, 2013; Mäkelä, Andersson, & Seppälä, 2012). It is therefore critical to identify how to enhance knowledge sharing between expatriates and host country national (HCN) colleagues despite the cultural, linguistic, nationality, and ethnicity barriers they may experience when working together (Peltokorpi & Clausen, 2011). The first aim of this dissertation was therefore to identify how to enhance knowledge sharing between expatriates and HCNs. Survey data was collected from 84 expatriate-HCN dyads working in 31 different host countries in all parts of the world. Drawing upon the supplementary person-person (P-P) fit literature, a specific type of person-environment (P-E) fit, it was demonstrated that when expatriates perceive high similarity between themselves and their HCN colleague in terms of deep-level characteristics such as values, personality, goals, and abilities (i.e. high P-P fit) they are more likely to engage in information elaboration which in turn facilitates knowledge sharing. Interpersonal citizenship behaviour was identified as a moderator which increased information elaboration and knowledge sharing even when expatriates perceived low deep-level similarity between themselves and their HCN colleague (i.e. low P-P fit). Furthermore, we do not know what types of knowledge expatriates share with their HCN colleagues (Armstrong & Li, in press) despite the fact that knowledge is often considered as an organization's most important resource (Zander & Kogut, 1995). The second aim of this dissertation was therefore to systematically examine what types of knowledge expatriates share with their HCN colleagues. Survey data was collected from 197 expatriates working in 52 different host countries in all parts of the world. By means of a qualitative content analysis of written descriptions regarding the types of knowledge shared, a three dimensional typology of expatriate knowledge sharing was constructed which identifies the full range of knowledge types shared by expatriates. Three types of knowledge were identified: regulative knowledge, normative knowledge, and cultural-cognitive knowledge, each consisting of several subtypes. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.

Informations and Knowlege are getting very important and that is why it is in interest of every Organization to pernamently develop this Knowlege. Knowledge is becoming the most important parts of the capital and are also irreplaceable competitive advantage. The objective of the work is to become if the chosen company is Learning Organization. Evaluation the selected Company was used to study company materials, Analyses of 4E and questionnaire survey.

These approaches have little relevance for executives contending with the day-to-day reality of running a company. Knowledge management is complex and multifaceted; it encompasses everything the organization does to make knowledge available to the business, such as embedding key information in systems and processes, applying incentives to motivate employees and forging alliances to infuse the business with new knowledge. Effective knowledge management requires a combination of many organizational elements--technology, human resource practices, organizational structure and culture--in order to ensure that the right knowledge is brought to bear at the right time. Knowledge management is still a relatively young field, with new concepts emerging constantly. Often, it is portrayed simplistically; discussions typically revolve around blanket principles that are intended to work across the organization. The aim of my diploma paper is to introduce knowledge workers management in well known and successful international organization, The Boston Consulting Group (BCG), that has been present in Czech Republic since 1990's. Knowledge workers management in BCG is described in context OF global economy situation, in which knowledge and knowledge workers play significant role. Knowledge kept in employees' brains is an intangible asset of every company, especially consulting company. Very often, the knowledge holders are not aware of the fact that their knowledge is important to the company and crucial to its Access. From the company point of view, it is necessary to recognize the key knowledge holder, to manage them and to try ensuring the working environment that enable easy knowledge sparing. From the BCG example, we can see that knowledge management is well established HR process, which manages hiring, retaining and developing relationships with alumni. Key issue is to motivate knowledge workers to share their knowledge, to develop the right environment and grant the right tools.

Knowledge management is a way to effectively manage corporate knowledge. Goal of the thesis is to analyze tasks and ways of knowledge management and technological means to support it and test chosen software tools for creation of knowledge base of business terms. First part of the work is dealing with analysis of knowledge management, technics and tools, which are used and technologies for its support. Second part is focused on testing tools for creation of business terms knowledge base for needs of Business Intelligence Competency Center. Main asset of this thesis is in creating comprehensive overview of technics and tools of knowledge management and proper technologies for its support and in creating desicion-making basis for company, which tool they should use to establish business terms knowledge base in their firm.

In my master’s thesis I focus on the questions of knowledge management. Theoretical part covers explanation of the basic terms and way outs of knowledge management, describes its models and perspectives and ways of its implementation and evaluation in organizations. The second part involves analysis of the present state in enterprise and designs and evaluates knowledge management with implementation recommendations.

The thesis deals with the issue of the knowledge management and its principles. The introduction of thesis is addressed to theoretical basics of the knowledge management that is followed by the practical part. The theoretical part provides the starting point for the proposal and applications of system for the chosen company. The main aim of the practical part was to form the application for management of projects and the repository of the knowledge of the chosen company. This aim should be followed by increasing of the work efficiency and enhancing of the access to the information. The resulting application will be set up into the company workings.

Seit einigen Jahren erlangt die Thematik "Wissen und Umgang mit Wissen in Organisationen" bzw. "Wissensmanagement" nicht nur in der Unternehmenspraxis, sondern auch in der Wissenschaft zunehmende Aufmerksamkeit. Wissenschaftler und Praktiker widmen sich verstärkt der Fragestellung, Wissen erfolgreich zu managen und betrachten Wissen als Quelle für nachhaltige Wettbewerbsvorteile. Hierfür bedarf es eines Umdenkens im Management dahingehend, den Umgang mit Wissen in den Vordergrund sämtlicher Aktivitäten zu stellen. Trotz der zahlreichen Publikationen zur Thematik ist bisher nur ein geringes Maß an Einheitlichkeit in den einschlägigen Begriffen und Theorien erreicht worden, das dem veränderten Stellenwert von Wissen umfassend gerecht würde. Die Vielzahl der Publikationen und deren Heterogenität lassen darauf deuten, daß es sich bei Wissen und dem Umgang mit Wissen um ein höchst komplexes Thema handelt. Zugleich zeigt sich, daß die Thematik keineswegs ausschließlich in das Forschungsgebiet der Betriebswirtschaftslehre fällt. Auch aus anderen Wissenschaftsdisziplinen liegt eine Vielzahl von Veröffentlichungen vor, so z.B. aus den Gebieten Epistemologie, Soziologie, Kognitionspsychologie, Kreativitätsforschung, Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaften, Informatik und Pädagogik. Dabei betrachten die verschiedenen Disziplinen jeweils spezifische Fragestellungen und diskutieren die Thematik aus verschiedenen Blickwinkeln, mit jeweils unterschiedlichen Erkenntniszielen und Methoden. Obgleich die vorhandene Literatur eine überaus heterogene Struktur aufweist und die meisten Beiträge eher explorativer Natur sind, scheint die Schlußfolgerung gerechtfertigt, Wissen und den Umgang mit Wissen als interdisziplinäres Forschungsgebiet anzusehen. Allerdings existiert bislang kein in sich geschlossener Ansatz, der die verschiedenen Stränge in einen einheitlichen Bezugsrahmen vereint. Jüngst sind aber erste Bemühungen erkennbar, um Forschungsansätze aus verschiedenen Wissenschaftsgebieten zu integrieren. Vor diesem Hintergrund besteht ein wesentliches Ziel dieser Dissertation, die vorhandene Literatur aufzuarbeiten und auszuwerten, um zugleich Ansatzpunkte für zukünftige Forschungsarbeiten zu identifizieren. Bei der Aufarbeitung der Literatur wird die Vielfältigkeit und Heterogenität der Publikationen berücksichtigt, um möglichst ein breites Spektrum abzudecken. Damit leistet die Arbeit einen Beitrag zur weiteren Integration interdisziplinärer Forschungsergebnisse auf dem Gebiet "Wissen und Umgang mit Wissen in Organisationen". Als Anknüpfungspunkt wurde dabei die Wissensbasis einer Organisation gewählt, die in vielen Veröffentlichungen im Mittelpunkt steht. In der Arbeit werden unterschiedliche Möglichkeiten zur Systematisierung vorgestellt. Darauf aufbauend wird ein eigener Systematisierungsansatz entwickelt, der auf den Grundunterscheidungen nach Arten des Wissens (Wissensarten), Trägern des Wissens (Wissensträgern) und Prozessen des Umgangs mit Wissen (Wissensprozessen) basiert. Die Tragfähigkeit des Ansatzes soll dadurch überprüft werden, inwieweit eine solche Unterscheidung in vorhandenen Konzepten zum Wissensmanagement enthalten ist. Da die Wissensbasis in einem unmittelbaren Zusammenhang mit den Wertschöpfungsprozessen des Unternehmen steht, besteht zudem die Möglichkeit, den Systematisierungsansatz mit verschiedenen Managementebenen im Sinne einer Rahmenkonzeption für eine wissensorientierte Unternehmensführung zu verknüpfen. Ein solches Rahmenkonzept erlaubt es, Gestaltungsempfehlungen für ein Management des Wissens von und in Organisationen abzuleiten.

The concept of ignorance has been unfairly stigmatised in research and practice, and consequently has not received the attention it deserves as a powerful motivator of behaviour in organisations. To understand the role of ignorance, it must be examined as a productive force rather than a shameful weakness, an achievement instead of a failure. This thesis develops an understanding of how ignorance is achieved and why it is perpetuated in the context of managing the Olympic and Commonwealth Games, a series of worldwide mega-events that are popular with proponents of urban development, but which have experienced persistent organisational problems in the form of cost overruns, schedule delays, and scope creep. To do so, this research draws on literature about ignorance from the disciplines of philosophy, anthropology, sociology, and organisational theory, to motivate an embedded case study of Games Organising Committees (OCs) in six host cities around the world. These OCs, which were actively planning the Games during the research, are studied through qualitative research, to develop a dynamic understanding of the role of ignorance in planning the Games. The findings and analysis are presented from two perspectives: the structure of the ‘Games system’ and of the OC; and, the substance of Games planning in the areas of cost, time and scope. While other studies have focused on ignorance as necessary, strategic, and inadvertent, the original contribution to knowledge of this thesis is the proposal of a theoretical framework that focuses on the functional and detrimental outcomes of ignorance. This framework is also shown to be useful in understanding why ignorance persists between organisations, and suggests three basic principles for further research: ignorance as a productive force in management; structure as a scaffold for ignorance; and budget, time and scope as catalysts for ignorance.

Tacit knowledge sharing has featured strongly in knowledge management literature in the last two decades. Knowledge management is an essential component attributed to underpinning organisational success and tacit knowledge sharing contributes directly to enhancing knowledge creation and to obtaining a competitive advantage in the business environment. Over the same period Communities of Practice (CoP) have risen in prominence as vehicles for tacit knowledge sharing and are seen as hotbeds of informal learning processes. There is, however, limited research into what may influence tacit knowledge sharing in CoPs. Additionally, although recognised as knowledge intensive organisations there has been limited research into knowledge sharing within and across educational institutions. The higher education (HE) sector in general has undergone significant change from a complex evolving landscape of political upheaval, funding divergence and an increasingly competitive worldwide market. Knowledge creation, combining and leveraging to improve an institution's performance, should therefore be considered of critical importance. Information Technology (IT) and Digital leadership have a key role in transforming Universities to meet the challenges in a global knowledge economy. The IT community within HE has a Sector Professional Organisation (SPO) that supports a number of voluntary CoPs which have operated over the last twenty years. The aim of the research was to explore the dimensions of tacit knowledge sharing in Communities of Practice working within the Higher Education Information Technology Sector. The study was undertaken from an interpretivist stance and used a phenomenological design with semi-structured interviews with participants who had experience of membership spanning several CoPs as the key data collection technique. The analysis was thematic in nature and brought to light expected and unexpected themes from the experiences of the participants. The key contribution is centered on the study findings that link the nature and movement of tacit knowledge from the core to the periphery of the CoP with its membership and leadership behaviors that are impacting on its success. From this a conceptual model that informs future HE IT CoP design and key leadership characteristics necessary for success, whilst supporting transferability, due to the findings' close association with tacit knowledge sharing was developed and is presented.