Biomass and carbon stock of the natural forests in Vietnam are still not clear due to limitation of knowledge and financial. In this paper, the results of estimating biomass and carbon stocks of the natural forests at Me Linh Biodiversity Station are shown. There are two forest types in this study: the forest vegetation restored after shifting cultivation (vegetation type I) and the forest vegetation restored after clear cutting exploitation (vegetation type II). As the results, the estimated biomass of the forest vegetation restored after shifting cultivation is 86.80 ton.ha-1 and the estimated biomass of the forest vegetation restored after clear cutting exploitation is higher, about 131.59 ton.ha-1. The carbon stock in plants was about 43.40 ton.ha-1 of vegetation type I and 65.79 ton.ha-1 of vegetation type II. The carbon storage in soil of vegetation type I is 79.01 ton.ha-1 and vegetation type II is 99.65 ton.ha-1. Hence, the total of carbon stock in forest vegetation I and II are accounted by 122.41ton.ha-1 and 165.44 ton.ha-1, respectively. In general, it can be pointed out that the naturally recovering secondary forest at Me Linh Station is the secondary young forest with the low economic value due to shortly restored process (about 10-20 years), the flora is not rich and abundant, and there are only commonly pioneer and light demanding tree species. / Sinh khối và trữ lượng các bon của rừng tự nhiên ở Việt Nam vẫn ít được quan tâm của do hạn chế về kiến thức và tài chính. Trong bài báo này, chúng tôi đưa ra kết quả của việc ước lượng sinh khối và tổng hợp các bon của các thảm thực vật rừng thứ sinh phục hồi tự nhiên tại Trạm Đa dạng Sinh học Mê Linh, tỉnh Vĩnh Phúc- Việt Nam, nơi có loại hình thảm thực vật chính, đó là thảm thực vật phục hồi sau nương rẫy (kiểu thảm thục vật I) và thảm thực vật phục hồi sau khai thác kiệt (kiểu thảm thực vật II) nhằm mục đích đánh giá tiềm năng của rừng thứ sinh tại khu vực nghiên cứu. Sinh khối của thảm thực vật phục hồi sau nương rẫy là 86,80 tấn/ha. Sinh khối của thảm thực vật phục hồi sau khai thác cao hơn, đạt 131.59 tấn/ha. Lượng các bon hấp thu trong đất của thảm thực vật I là 79,01 tấn/ha và thảm thực vật II là 99,65 tấn/ha. Như vậy, tổng lượng các bon được hấp thu trong mỗi loại hình thảm thực vật trên là: 122,41 tấn/ha (thảm thực vật I) và 165,14 tấn/ha. Nhìn chung, rừng thứ sinh phục hồi tự nhiên tại Trạm Đa dạng Mê Linh chủ yếu là rừng non thứ sinh, ít có giá trị kinh tế do quá trình phục hồi diễn ra ngắn (khoảng 10-20 năm) nên thành phần thực vật nghèo nàn, không phong phú, thành phần chính chủ yếu là các cây gỗ tiên phong, ưa sáng.

Vor dem Hintergrund der steigenden CO2-Konzentration in der Atmosphäre gewinnt die Rolle des Waldes als C-Speicher zunehmend an Bedeutung. Eine besonders wichtige Funktion kommt hierbei dem Boden zu, denn Böden speichern weltweit mehr C als Vegetation und boden zusammen (Brady and Weil, 2002). Im Sinne einer nachhaltigen Waldbewirtschaftung werden in Sachsen derzeit großflächig die bestehenden Nadelforsten in naturnahe, strukturierte Laub- und Laubmischwälder umgewandelt. Ziel dieser Arbeit war es daher, baumarten- und bewirtschaftungsspezifische Effekte auf den Humus und die C-Speicherung im Waldboden aufzuzeigen. Die Untersuchungsflächen wurden entlang von Waldumbausequenzen gruppiert, welche die Entwicklung von konventionell bewirtschafteten Kiefern- und Fichten-Reinbeständen zu mehr oder weniger strukturierten Rotbuchen- und Rotbuchen-Traubeneichenbeständen über die Stufe der Voranbauten widerspiegeln. Die Untersuchungen wurden im Mittleren Erzgebirge und im Nordsächsischen Tiefland durchgeführt. Zusammenfassend zeigte die Untersuchung (i) einen um 24 % höheren C-Input über den Streufall unter Laubholz, (ii) eine höhere C-Freisetzung durch die C-Mineralisierung, welche im Laufe des Jahres im Of-Horizont unter Laubholz (BuEi) um 68 % höher war als unter Ki und (iii) eine höhere Akkumulation von C unter laubholzbestockten Beständen. Die Oh-Lagen unter den untersuchten Voranbauten und Laubholzbeständen enthielten entsprechend hohe Anteile von 61 % (Bu) und 40 % (BuEi) des in der organischen Auflage gespeicherten C und auch die oberen Mineralböden enthielten deutlich höhere C-Mengen unter LH als unter NH. Die Mechanismen, welche zur C-Sequestrierung in der Oh-Lage unter BuEi führen, konnten in der vorliegenden Arbeit detailliert durch die Humusdynamik in der organischen Auflage im verlauf eines Jahres erklärt werden. Im Gegensatz indizieren die Ergebnisse unter Ki einen verzögerten, aber vergleichbar intensiven Streuabbau im L-Horizont, gefolgt von einer Phase relativer Stagnation in der Of-Lage und einer wiederum aktiven Umsatzphase im vergleichsweise geringmächtigen Oh-Horizont. Die Menge bzw. der Anteil der langfristig gespeicherten organischen Substanz wird wesentlich durch die Streuqualität bestimmt, d.h. die Qualität der Streu steuert die bestandesspezifische Humusdynamik. Neben den standörtlichen und klimatischen Faktoren ist der Einfluss der Bewirtschaftung hingegen ein Faktor, welcher sich primär auf die Abbauaktivität und somit auf die Menge des akkumulierten C auswirken. Die für das Tiefland dokumentierten Effekte werden vermutlich auch im Erzgebirge wieder relevant sein, wenn die Kalkung an Wirkung verliert. Aus der vorliegenden Arbeit kann die Schlussfolgerung gezogen werden, dass im Vergleich zur Ki in der organischen Auflage unter LH (BuEi) größere Mengen C aktiv umgesetzt werden und in Folge dieser spezifischen Humusdynamik größere Mengen C in der Oh-Lage und im Mineralboden gespeichert werden können. / Against the background of the increased CO2 concentration of the atmosphere the role of the forest as C store gains interest. An especially important function comes up to soil as soils sequester more C than vegetation and atmosphere together on a global scale (Brady and Weil, 2002). In the sense of a sustainable forest management of Saxony the vast areas covering coniferous stands are currently converted to semi-natural and structured deciduous and mixed forests. It was thus, the aim of this study to show species- and management-specific effects on humus dynamics and to evaluate top soils as possible C sink. All study sites involved were arranged along sequences representing the development from pure and conventionally managed Scots pine or Norway spruce stands to more or less structured European beech or European beech/Common oak stands via advanced plantings. The study was performed in the Ore mountain region and lowland of Saxony. In sum, the study revealed (i) a by 24 % higher litter-derived C input in the deciduous stand, (ii) a higher release of C by potential C mineralisation, that was in mean of one year by 68 % significantly higher in the F layer under beech/oak than under pine, and (iii) a higher accumulation of C under deciduous stands. The H layer under the studied advanced plantings and deciduous stands contained higher portions of 61 % (beech) and 40 % (beech/oak) of the total C accumulated in the organic layer and also upper mineral soil held evidently higher C under deciduous than under the pine stand. The specific mechanisms of C storage in the H layer under the beech/oak stand were explained in detail by explaining humus dynamics in the different horizons throughout the year. In contrast, the results under pine indicate a retarded, but as intensive decomposition in the L layer, followed by a phase of relative stagnancy (F layer) and in turn again active turnover phase in the comparatively thin H layer. The amount and portion of the long-term sequestered organic matter is substantially affected by the quality of the litter, that is that litter quality rules the stand-specific humus dynamics. Besides the site- and climate-specific factors, forest management in contrast is a factor, that affects turnover activity and thus, the amount of C accumulated. The effects documented for the lowland will presumably be relevant in the Ore Mountain region once the lime looses its effect. It can be concluded that in comparison to pine in the organic layer under deciduous trees (i.e., beech/oak) a higher amount of C is actively turned over and subsequently of this specific humus dynamics a higher amount of C is sequestered in the H layer and in mineral soil.

Vor dem Hintergrund der steigenden CO2-Konzentration in der Atmosphäre gewinnt die Rolle des Waldes als C-Speicher zunehmend an Bedeutung. Eine besonders wichtige Funktion kommt hierbei dem Boden zu, denn Böden speichern weltweit mehr C als Vegetation und boden zusammen (Brady and Weil, 2002). Im Sinne einer nachhaltigen Waldbewirtschaftung werden in Sachsen derzeit großflächig die bestehenden Nadelforsten in naturnahe, strukturierte Laub- und Laubmischwälder umgewandelt. Ziel dieser Arbeit war es daher, baumarten- und bewirtschaftungsspezifische Effekte auf den Humus und die C-Speicherung im Waldboden aufzuzeigen. Die Untersuchungsflächen wurden entlang von Waldumbausequenzen gruppiert, welche die Entwicklung von konventionell bewirtschafteten Kiefern- und Fichten-Reinbeständen zu mehr oder weniger strukturierten Rotbuchen- und Rotbuchen-Traubeneichenbeständen über die Stufe der Voranbauten widerspiegeln. Die Untersuchungen wurden im Mittleren Erzgebirge und im Nordsächsischen Tiefland durchgeführt. Zusammenfassend zeigte die Untersuchung (i) einen um 24 % höheren C-Input über den Streufall unter Laubholz, (ii) eine höhere C-Freisetzung durch die C-Mineralisierung, welche im Laufe des Jahres im Of-Horizont unter Laubholz (BuEi) um 68 % höher war als unter Ki und (iii) eine höhere Akkumulation von C unter laubholzbestockten Beständen. Die Oh-Lagen unter den untersuchten Voranbauten und Laubholzbeständen enthielten entsprechend hohe Anteile von 61 % (Bu) und 40 % (BuEi) des in der organischen Auflage gespeicherten C und auch die oberen Mineralböden enthielten deutlich höhere C-Mengen unter LH als unter NH. Die Mechanismen, welche zur C-Sequestrierung in der Oh-Lage unter BuEi führen, konnten in der vorliegenden Arbeit detailliert durch die Humusdynamik in der organischen Auflage im verlauf eines Jahres erklärt werden. Im Gegensatz indizieren die Ergebnisse unter Ki einen verzögerten, aber vergleichbar intensiven Streuabbau im L-Horizont, gefolgt von einer Phase relativer Stagnation in der Of-Lage und einer wiederum aktiven Umsatzphase im vergleichsweise geringmächtigen Oh-Horizont. Die Menge bzw. der Anteil der langfristig gespeicherten organischen Substanz wird wesentlich durch die Streuqualität bestimmt, d.h. die Qualität der Streu steuert die bestandesspezifische Humusdynamik. Neben den standörtlichen und klimatischen Faktoren ist der Einfluss der Bewirtschaftung hingegen ein Faktor, welcher sich primär auf die Abbauaktivität und somit auf die Menge des akkumulierten C auswirken. Die für das Tiefland dokumentierten Effekte werden vermutlich auch im Erzgebirge wieder relevant sein, wenn die Kalkung an Wirkung verliert. Aus der vorliegenden Arbeit kann die Schlussfolgerung gezogen werden, dass im Vergleich zur Ki in der organischen Auflage unter LH (BuEi) größere Mengen C aktiv umgesetzt werden und in Folge dieser spezifischen Humusdynamik größere Mengen C in der Oh-Lage und im Mineralboden gespeichert werden können. / Against the background of the increased CO2 concentration of the atmosphere the role of the forest as C store gains interest. An especially important function comes up to soil as soils sequester more C than vegetation and atmosphere together on a global scale (Brady and Weil, 2002). In the sense of a sustainable forest management of Saxony the vast areas covering coniferous stands are currently converted to semi-natural and structured deciduous and mixed forests. It was thus, the aim of this study to show species- and management-specific effects on humus dynamics and to evaluate top soils as possible C sink. All study sites involved were arranged along sequences representing the development from pure and conventionally managed Scots pine or Norway spruce stands to more or less structured European beech or European beech/Common oak stands via advanced plantings. The study was performed in the Ore mountain region and lowland of Saxony. In sum, the study revealed (i) a by 24 % higher litter-derived C input in the deciduous stand, (ii) a higher release of C by potential C mineralisation, that was in mean of one year by 68 % significantly higher in the F layer under beech/oak than under pine, and (iii) a higher accumulation of C under deciduous stands. The H layer under the studied advanced plantings and deciduous stands contained higher portions of 61 % (beech) and 40 % (beech/oak) of the total C accumulated in the organic layer and also upper mineral soil held evidently higher C under deciduous than under the pine stand. The specific mechanisms of C storage in the H layer under the beech/oak stand were explained in detail by explaining humus dynamics in the different horizons throughout the year. In contrast, the results under pine indicate a retarded, but as intensive decomposition in the L layer, followed by a phase of relative stagnancy (F layer) and in turn again active turnover phase in the comparatively thin H layer. The amount and portion of the long-term sequestered organic matter is substantially affected by the quality of the litter, that is that litter quality rules the stand-specific humus dynamics. Besides the site- and climate-specific factors, forest management in contrast is a factor, that affects turnover activity and thus, the amount of C accumulated. The effects documented for the lowland will presumably be relevant in the Ore Mountain region once the lime looses its effect. It can be concluded that in comparison to pine in the organic layer under deciduous trees (i.e., beech/oak) a higher amount of C is actively turned over and subsequently of this specific humus dynamics a higher amount of C is sequestered in the H layer and in mineral soil.

Biomass and carbon stock of the natural forests in Vietnam are still not clear due to limitation of knowledge and financial. In this paper, the results of estimating biomass and carbon stocks of the natural forests at Me Linh Biodiversity Station are shown. There are two forest types in this study: the forest vegetation restored after shifting cultivation (vegetation type I) and the forest vegetation restored after clear cutting exploitation (vegetation type II). As the results, the estimated biomass of the forest vegetation restored after shifting cultivation is 86.80 ton.ha-1 and the estimated biomass of the forest vegetation restored after clear cutting exploitation is higher, about 131.59 ton.ha-1. The carbon stock in plants was about 43.40 ton.ha-1 of vegetation type I and 65.79 ton.ha-1 of vegetation type II. The carbon storage in soil of vegetation type I is 79.01 ton.ha-1 and vegetation type II is 99.65 ton.ha-1. Hence, the total of carbon stock in forest vegetation I and II are accounted by 122.41ton.ha-1 and 165.44 ton.ha-1, respectively. In general, it can be pointed out that the naturally recovering secondary forest at Me Linh Station is the secondary young forest with the low economic value due to shortly restored process (about 10-20 years), the flora is not rich and abundant, and there are only commonly pioneer and light demanding tree species. / Sinh khối và trữ lượng các bon của rừng tự nhiên ở Việt Nam vẫn ít được quan tâm của do hạn chế về kiến thức và tài chính. Trong bài báo này, chúng tôi đưa ra kết quả của việc ước lượng sinh khối và tổng hợp các bon của các thảm thực vật rừng thứ sinh phục hồi tự nhiên tại Trạm Đa dạng Sinh học Mê Linh, tỉnh Vĩnh Phúc- Việt Nam, nơi có loại hình thảm thực vật chính, đó là thảm thực vật phục hồi sau nương rẫy (kiểu thảm thục vật I) và thảm thực vật phục hồi sau khai thác kiệt (kiểu thảm thực vật II) nhằm mục đích đánh giá tiềm năng của rừng thứ sinh tại khu vực nghiên cứu. Sinh khối của thảm thực vật phục hồi sau nương rẫy là 86,80 tấn/ha. Sinh khối của thảm thực vật phục hồi sau khai thác cao hơn, đạt 131.59 tấn/ha. Lượng các bon hấp thu trong đất của thảm thực vật I là 79,01 tấn/ha và thảm thực vật II là 99,65 tấn/ha. Như vậy, tổng lượng các bon được hấp thu trong mỗi loại hình thảm thực vật trên là: 122,41 tấn/ha (thảm thực vật I) và 165,14 tấn/ha. Nhìn chung, rừng thứ sinh phục hồi tự nhiên tại Trạm Đa dạng Mê Linh chủ yếu là rừng non thứ sinh, ít có giá trị kinh tế do quá trình phục hồi diễn ra ngắn (khoảng 10-20 năm) nên thành phần thực vật nghèo nàn, không phong phú, thành phần chính chủ yếu là các cây gỗ tiên phong, ưa sáng.