Nos recherches ont porté sur l'étude des différences de prononciation pouvant exister pour certains phonèmes arabes, dans deux parler, urbain et bédouin, en fonction des intervenants évoluant au sein d'un espace social particulier, la diwaniyya, au Koweït. La diwaniyya est un espace réservé propre à la structure sociale koweïtienne. Elle regroupe une salle principale aménagée pour la réception des invités. L'atmosphère qui y règne est semblable à celle des clubs sociaux, cercles culturels et littéraires et salons politiques. Notre problématique, ancrée dans le champ sociolinguistique, explore l'impact d'une variable extralinguistique, ici un lieu de rencontre qui est la diwaniyya, sur les productions langagières des sujets qui la fréquentent et sur les éventuelles influences qu'exercent les sujets les uns sur les autres au sein de cette structure sociale. Nous nous posons également la question de savoir comment se manifeste concrètement cette influence et si le chef de la diwaniyya, au centre du réseau social, exerce une emprise sur ses frères et ses amis, en agissant sur leur façon de parler. Nous avons principalement eu recours aux travaux de Labov ainsi que ceux de Milroy et de Gordon. Nous représentons les relations existant entre les personnes constituant le réseau en nous inspirant des schémas établis par Milroy et Gordon et de la notion de réseau "dense" et de réseau "lâche". L'intérêt de ce travail de recherche est donc d'analyser la réalisation de phénomènes choisis selon les locuteurs et de quelle façon celle-ci peut varier en fonction des membres appartenant à un groupe social donné. En outre, le paramètre à l'origine bédouine ou urbaine des locuteurs est prise en compte et analysée dans le cadre d'une étude phonétique et phonologique, en vue d’expliquer certaines variations des phénomènes cités. / Our research focuses on the study of differences occuring in the pronunciation of certain Arab phonemes in Urban and Bedouin dialects, depending on the speakersand operating within a particular social space, the diwaniyya in Kuwait. The diwaniyya is particular to the Kuwaiti social structure. This space includes a main hall equipped for the reception of guests. The atmosphere that prevails is similar to that social clubs, cultural and literacy circles and political salons. Our problematic is rooted in the field of sociolinguistics. It explores the impact of extra linguistic variables - i.e. the diwaniyya as a meeting place - on the language productions of the speakers as well as the possible influences of each others' within this social structure. We also analyze the way this influence occurs concretely and wether the chief of the diwaniyya, as the center of the social network, exercices control over his brothers and friends, thus influencing their way of speaking. We mainly had recourse to the work of Labov and those of Milroy and Gordon. We represent the relationships between the persons in the network with established diagrams inspired by Milroy and Gordon and the concept of "dense" and "loose" networks. The interest of this research is to analyze the realization of chosen phonemes according to the speakers and the way this realization can vary according to members belonging to a particular social group. In addition, the parameter of the Bedouin or urabn origin of speakers has to be taken into account and analyzed in the frame of a phonetical and phonological study, in order to explain the variations of some of the phonemes.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Boston University / This study is a part of an environmental impact assessment of the Gulf War on the desert and the coastal zones of Kuwait. Due to the appearance of many new surface features, a study was necessary to characterize their spectral signatures as detected by Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data. A sophisticated image analysis was applied to the Landsat TM scene. An unsupervised classification technique produced a thematic map of the area. Data was collected on the ground at eighty sites in southeastern Kuwait. A radiometer (SE-590) was used to identify the spectral reflectance of desert surface features. A Global Positioning System (GPS) reading on each site was also recorded to register accurately the field observations on a specific pixel from over 72 million pixels in the lower right scene of Kuwait. Field data were collected on surface feature color, soil grain stze, vegetation types and density, and the amount of oil or soot contamination. Statistical correlation's and companson of Landsat and the SE-590 measurements in the visible and near-infrared bands describe the interaction between radiation and different desert surfaces. The oil lakes class was identified to have the lowest reflectance of all the classes. Brightness values gradually increase as less oil, soot or desert vegetation is found. The highest brightness value belongs to the class which represents active sand.

L’étude comparative de la cassation du jugement pénal entre les droits français et koweïtien doit s’effectuer à travers l’examen du rôle et des missions de la Cour de cassation, gardienne de la loi pénale. Elle assure le respect des droits et libertés individuels lorsqu’elle est saisie d’un pourvoi dans l’intérêt des parties. Les cours de cassation française et koweïtienne se rejoignent sur le domaine de la cassation en matière pénale (Le contrôle effectué dans le cadre du pourvoi en cassation et les conditions d’exercice de celui-ci). Il n’en va pas de même pour le mécanisme de pourvoi (l’exercice du pourvoi et la décision de la juridiction de cassation). Le droit koweïtien gagnerait en clarté et en efficacité en s’inspirant directement du droit français et en se libérant de l’influence exercée par la transposition du droit égyptien. Pour atteindre cet objectif, des propositions de réforme pour améliorer le système koweïtien de cassation sont présentées. / A study that aims to compare the cassation of judicial criminal judgment between that of the laws of France and Kuwait. Shall be done through the role and the mission of the Court of cassation, the guardian of criminal law. The Court ensures the protection of individual rights and freedoms once cassation appeal is submitted forward in the interest of the parties. French and Kuwait’s Court of cassation can meet on the domain field in relation to cassation in criminal matters (the control of cassation appeal and its exercisable conditions), yet it is not the same issue for the cassation appeal mechanism (the practice of the cassation appeal and the decision that of the Court).The laws implemented in Kuwait would gain clarity and efficiency that being from the direct inspiration from the French laws and liberating itself from the shackles of Egyptian laws. Reform and true commitment is the key to unlock this goal and is in turn necessary to improve cassation system of Kuwait.

Organisations are becoming increasingly aware of the necessity to maintain sustainable long-term relationships with customers in order to survive in the global competition. They are also aware that the changing needs and purchase patterns of customers requires them to choose differentiated customer-oriented marketing strategies so as to acquire a competitive advantage over their rivals and enhance their business performance. Customer Relationship Management (CRM) enables organisations to create and manage relationships with customers more effectively through a detailed and accurate analysis of consumer data using various information technologies. Several CRM theories like the resource-based view (RBV), and theories of institutions, cultures, entrepreneurship, and dynamic theory can help a company gain over competitors. If implemented appropriately, the CRM approach can help a firm with managerial efficiency, cost reduction, enhanced customer services, and increased sales and profits. The present study aims to develop a novel and comprehensive model to measure the effect of CRM resources over CRM capabilities and the effects on business performance. The present study covers infrastructural and cultural CRM resources with CRM capabilities. The results are based on information collected from three Kuwaiti mobile network operators using a questionnaire in adherence with ethical guidelines. The study measures business performance comprehensively from financial and marketing perspectives using regression analysis to determine if there is a mediation role between two variables. The results show that CRM infrastructural resources positively and directly affect CRM capabilities. However, the effect of customer and learning orientation cultures on CRM capabilities is considerably stronger than that of infrastructural resources. The study also reveals that CRM capabilities significantly and positively affect business performance from marketing and financial standpoints although the effect on marketing performance was stronger.

Introduction: The studies reported in this thesis investigated a number of patient orientated aspects of its current diagnosis, management and treatment in Kuwait. A comprehensive literature survey is presented with a detailed critical analysis of the very limited number of published material relevant to type 2 diabetes in Kuwait is also provided. A concise list of aims and objectives is also provided. Methodology: The methodology used to derive knowledge of the present situation from the patient perspective, was a series of relevant questions, devised based on the internationally used diabetes Michigan questionnaire. Face to face interviews were used throughout for both patients and medical staff. Suitable data analysis was performed. Results: A pilot study consulted 10 Kuwaiti and 10 non-Kuwaiti patients, and after analysis of their data it was found to be reliable, appropriate and capable of being analysed and so was extended to a larger study of 109 diabetic patients. These 109 diabetic patients were studied in thirteen clinics distributed throughout Kuwait. Two groups of patients were studied – Kuwaiti nationals and non-Kuwaitis both of whom were treated at these clinics during their residency in Kuwait. 38 questions were asked including demographics, medical treatment, monitoring of their disease, physiological consequences and dietary aspects. The major findings were that patients considered two major areas could be improved to enhance the treatment of their disease. The first was to improve the degree of empathy shown to them by the medical/nursing staff and secondly to provide simple practical advice on exercise, dietary considerations and renal aspects of their disease. More comprehensive findings are presented in the thesis but many of these were minor compared with these two major aspects. Also presented are interviews with the medical staff in Kuwait who treat diabetic patients and the problems they face when treating their disease. The opinions and views of selected ophthalmologists and renal specialists are also presented. Medical views were also sought in the UK- Ascot Rehabilitation above their experiences treating diabetic patients from Kuwait. Another aspect of the study was to interview Kuwaiti nationals who had been sent to a clinic in Ascot, UK for the treatment of the serious consequences of their conditions. Many of these were had type 2 diabetes and their views and perspectives of their treatment in Kuwait were gathered as being representative of the long term treatment of this condition. Discussions and Conclusions: The thesis discusses in some detail all the results which were obtained and concludes with a series of recommendations which could be taken to improve the treatment of type 2 diabetes in Kuwait.

abstract: High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) Technology has several features that make it particularly attractive for specific transmission applications. Recent years have witnessed an unprecedented growth in the number of the HVDC projects, which demonstrates a heightened interest in the HVDC technology. In parallel, the use of renewable energy sources has dramatically increased. For instance, Kuwait has recently announced a renewable project to be completed in 2035; this project aims to produce 15% of the countrys energy consumption from renewable sources. However, facilities that use renewable sources, such as solar and wind, to provide clean energy, are mostly placed in remote areas, as their installation requires a massive space of free land. Consequently, considerable challenges arise in terms of transmitting power generated from renewable sources of energy in remote areas to urban areas for further consumption. The present thesis investigates different transmission line systems for transmitting bulk energy from renewable sources. Specifically, two systems will be focused on: the high-voltage alternating current (HVAC) system and the high-voltage direct current (HVDC) system. In order to determine the most efficient way of transmitting bulk energy from renewable sources, different aspects of the aforementioned two types of systems are analyzed. Limitations inherent in both HVAC and HVDC systems have been discussed. At present, artificial intelligence plays an important role in power system control and monitoring. Consequently, in this thesis, the fault issue has been analyzed in transmission systems, with a specific consideration of machine learning tools that can help monitor transmission systems by detecting fault locations. These tools, called models, are used to analyze the collected data. In the present thesis, a focus on such models as linear regression (LR), K-nearest neighbors (KNN), linear support vector machine (LSVM) , and adaptive boost (AdaBoost). Finally, the accuracy of each model is evaluated and discussed. The machine learning concept introduced in the present thesis lays down the foundation for future research in this area so that to enable further research on the efficient ways to improve the performance of transmission line components and power systems. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Electrical Engineering 2019

The purpose is to examine the role of online video advertising in brand awareness. In order to provide marketers information regarding the impact online video advertising has on its customers, as online video advertising is increasing in relevance in terms of creating brand awareness.

<ol><li>Why was there a strong reaction from Islamist MPs about the Americanisation of education in Kuwaiti schools?</li><li>Which parts of the textbooks were being questioned and which arguments were used?</li><li>Could there be any reasons to delete particular phrases in textbooks, which may seem to offend people of certain religious denominations?</li></ol><p>Kuwait as a state has been in earlier conflicts with Iraq, which has led to some Islamists not being in favour of Kuwait, getting support from the USA. The Islamists in these Arab states imply that the war between Kuwait and Iraq was a direct punishment from Allah as Kuwaitis were in close contacts with USA. That USA supported the Kuwaitis in the battle against Iraq is still an irritation subject for some Arab states.</p><p>At this juncture, I would like the reader to put into consideration that the books in question are written in Arabic hence, the difficulty in translation without an Arabic translator, has made it impossible to use them for this study.</p><p>Both the verses and the books that are in question were difficult to get hold of. It is therefore difficult to give a vivid description of what it contained for this thesis. My try to get hold of them has been to no results. However, I will continue trying and hopefully get hold of a translated version of them.</p><p>To summarise the whole issue in a nutshell one can say that the ministry of education said that USA were not pressuring them to make any changes in textbooks which could for that reason be a so-called Americanisation of Education. </p>

Why was there a strong reaction from Islamist MPs about the Americanisation of education in Kuwaiti schools? Which parts of the textbooks were being questioned and which arguments were used? Could there be any reasons to delete particular phrases in textbooks, which may seem to offend people of certain religious denominations? Kuwait as a state has been in earlier conflicts with Iraq, which has led to some Islamists not being in favour of Kuwait, getting support from the USA. The Islamists in these Arab states imply that the war between Kuwait and Iraq was a direct punishment from Allah as Kuwaitis were in close contacts with USA. That USA supported the Kuwaitis in the battle against Iraq is still an irritation subject for some Arab states. At this juncture, I would like the reader to put into consideration that the books in question are written in Arabic hence, the difficulty in translation without an Arabic translator, has made it impossible to use them for this study. Both the verses and the books that are in question were difficult to get hold of. It is therefore difficult to give a vivid description of what it contained for this thesis. My try to get hold of them has been to no results. However, I will continue trying and hopefully get hold of a translated version of them. To summarise the whole issue in a nutshell one can say that the ministry of education said that USA were not pressuring them to make any changes in textbooks which could for that reason be a so-called Americanisation of Education.