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The changing pattern of dependency of a residents' organization : from initiation to consolidation /Lo, Kwok-kuen. January 1986 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.W.)--University of Hong Kong, 1986.
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Lai Wan Kai Fong Welfare AssociationWong, Suet-wai, Shirley., 黃雪慧. January 1995 (has links)
published_or_final_version / Architecture / Master / Master of Architecture
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Leaf Area Index, Carbon Cycling Dynamics and Ecosystem Resilience in Mountain Pine Beetle Affected Areas of British Columbia from 1999 to 2008Czurylowicz, Peter 30 November 2011 (has links)
The affect on leaf area index (LAI) and net ecosystem production (NEP) of the mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae) (MPB) outbreak in British Columbia affecting lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia) forests was examined from 1999 to 2008. The process-based carbon (C) cycle model – Boreal Ecosystem Productivity Simulator (BEPS) with remotely sensed LAI inputs was used to produce annual NEP maps, which were validated using field measurements. The annual NEP ranged from 2.43 to -8.03 MtC between 1999 and 2008, with sink to source conversion in 2000. The inter-annual variability for both LAI and NEP displayed initial decreases followed by a steadily increasing trend from 2006 to 2008 with NEP returning to near C neutrality in 2008 (-1.84 MtC). The resistance of LAI and NEP to MPB attack was attributed to ecosystem resilience in the form of secondary overstory growth and increased production of non-attacked host trees.
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Leaf Area Index, Carbon Cycling Dynamics and Ecosystem Resilience in Mountain Pine Beetle Affected Areas of British Columbia from 1999 to 2008Czurylowicz, Peter 30 November 2011 (has links)
The affect on leaf area index (LAI) and net ecosystem production (NEP) of the mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae) (MPB) outbreak in British Columbia affecting lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia) forests was examined from 1999 to 2008. The process-based carbon (C) cycle model – Boreal Ecosystem Productivity Simulator (BEPS) with remotely sensed LAI inputs was used to produce annual NEP maps, which were validated using field measurements. The annual NEP ranged from 2.43 to -8.03 MtC between 1999 and 2008, with sink to source conversion in 2000. The inter-annual variability for both LAI and NEP displayed initial decreases followed by a steadily increasing trend from 2006 to 2008 with NEP returning to near C neutrality in 2008 (-1.84 MtC). The resistance of LAI and NEP to MPB attack was attributed to ecosystem resilience in the form of secondary overstory growth and increased production of non-attacked host trees.
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Resident organization at the crossroads : illustrations from three resident associations in Kwai Tsing District /Wong, Yuk-lin, Renita. January 1900 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.W.)--University of Hong Kong, 1990.
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Different expectation between producers and consumers on the quality of home ownership scheme flats /Leung, Suk-fong, Doris. January 1998 (has links)
Thesis (M. Hous. M.)--University of Hong Kong, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 82-85).
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Different expectation between producers and consumers on the quality of home ownership scheme flatsLeung, Suk-fong, Doris. January 1998 (has links)
Thesis (M.Hous.M.)--University of Hong Kong, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 82-85). Also available in print.
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Growth responses to fertilizer application of thinned, mid-rotation Pinus radiata stands across a soil water availability gradient in the Boland area of the Western CapeChikumbu, Vavariro 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MscFor)--Stellenbosch University, 2011. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of mid rotation fertilizer application
on leaf area index (LAI), basal area and volume increment in thinned Pinus radiata stands
on the most common soils of the Boland region in the Western Cape.
The study was conducted on a range of sites in the Boland region of MTO Forestry
Company, chosen to reflect the two most common soil types and a water availability
gradient in each soil type. A factorial combination of fertilizer treatments with three levels
each for nitrogen (N) at 0, 100 and 200 kg ha-1 and phosphorus (P) at 0, 50 and 100 kg ha-
1 was used. This design was replicated four times across a gradient of water availability
for each of the two common soil groups, forming a complete trial series. All replications
were laid out in P. radiata stands that had received their mid-rotation thinning prior to
treatment implementation.
LAI, diameter at breast height and height measurements as well as foliar analysis were
determined before the implementation of the study in 2008 and then subsequently at
predetermined intervals in 2009 and 2010. Leaf area index and stem volume increment
were measured in order to evaluate the influence on growth efficiency. LAI was estimated
using the gap fraction method with the use of a ceptometer. Volume increment was
calculated using diameter and height measurements and basal area was calculated by
means of diameter measurements. The abovementioned growth responses were then
used to determine the effect of increased nutrient availability on stand growth.
There were no significant interactions detected between any of the factors, N, P and water
availability class in their effect on LAI, basal area, volume increment and growth efficiency.
LAI increment responded significantly to N and P in the first year but only to P in the second year after treatment. Significant basal area responses to N and P were recorded
in the second but not the first year. This might have been due to the fact that trees had to
re-build their canopies after thinning before a basal area response could be obtained. For
the variables where an analysis of total growth response over the two year period was
done, basal area increment and volume increment significantly responded to the
application of nitrogen but not to phosphorus. Growth efficiency was not significantly
influenced by either nitrogen or phosphorus over the full two year monitoring period.
Water availability class consistently and significantly influenced basal area increment,
volume increment and growth efficiency over the two year period as well as during year
one and year two.
The best responses generally occurred as a result of the additive effects of N and P. The
growth response did not remain the same across the water availability classes. The wetter
sites tended to have greater responses than the drier sites. Although these are still early
results, the growth responses could be attributed to an increase in LAI. Nutrient analysis
through vector analysis indicated that the additional N and P from fertilizer application
were taken up by the trees thereby resulting in greater LAI and increased stem wood
production. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die studie het ten doel gestel om die effek van mid-rotasie bemesting op blaar oppervlak
indeks (BOI), basale oppervlakte- en volume aanwas te ondersoek in gedunde opstande
van Pinus radiata op die mees algemene grondtipes van die Bolandstreek, Wes-Kaapland.
Eksperimente is uitgelê oor 'n reeks van groeiplekke in die Bolandstreek wat gekies is om
'n water beskibaarheidsgradient te verteenwoordig oor elk van die twee mees algemene
grondtipes. 'n Faktoriaal-kombinasie van kunsmisbehandelings met drie vlakke elk van
stikstof [(N) teen 0, 100 en 200 kg ha-1] en fosfor [(P) teen 0, 50 en 100 kg ha-1] is
toegedien. Hierdie ontwerp is vier maal herhaal oor 'n gradient van grondwater
beskikbaarheid, oor elk van die twee mees algemene grondtipes, om sodoende 'n
volledige eksperimentele reeks te vorm. Elke herhaling is uitgelê in 'n P. radiata opstand
wat reeds 'n mid-rotasie dunning ondergaan het voor implementering van die kunsmis
behandelings.
Metings van BOI, deursnee op borshoogte, boomhoogte asook blaarmonsters is geneem
voor implementering in 2008 en daarna met vooraf bepaalde tussenposes in 2009 en
2010. Die BOI en stam volume aanwas is bepaal om die effek van behandelings op groeieffektiwiteit
te evalueer. Die gaping fraksie tegniek is gebruik om BOI te skat met behulp
van 'n sonvlek septometer. Volume aanwas is bereken vanaf deursnee en hoogtemetings
en basale oppervlak aanwas vanaf deursnee-metings. Metings van al bogenoemde
groeireaksies is gebruik om die effek van verhoogde voedingstof beskikbaarheid op
opstandsgroei te evalueer.
Daar was geen betekenisvolle interaksies tussen enige van die faktore N, P of water
beskikbaarheidsklas met betrekking tot reaksies op BOI, basale oppervlak- en volume aanwas of groei-effektiwiteit nie. Die BOI het betekenisvol gereageer op N en P in die
eerste jaar, maar slegs op P in die tweede jaar na behandeling. Basale oppervlakte
aanwas is betekenisvol verbeter deur N en P in die tweede jaar maar nie in die eerste jaar
nie. Dit is waarskynlik as gevolg van die feit dat opstande eers hul kroondak moes herstel
(na dunnings) voordat 'n reaksie in basale oppervlak verkry kon word. Vir die
veranderlikes waar 'n analise van die groeireaksie oor die volle twee jaar
moniteringsperiode gedoen is, het basale oppervlak- en volume aanwas betekenisvol
gereageer op stikstof maar nie op fosfor nie. Groei-effektiwiteit is nie betekenisvol
geaffekteer deur N of P oor die volle twee jaar moniteringsperiode nie. Water
beskikbaarheidsklas het basale oppervlak en volume aanwas asook groei-effektiwiteit
betekenisvol en voortdurend beïnvloed in die eerste en tweede jaar, asook gedurende die
volle twee jaar moniteringsperiode.
Die beste groeireaksie is oor die algemeen verkry waar N en P gesamentlik toegedien is
en waar dus aanvullende reaksies verkry is. Groeireaksies het betekenisvol verskil na
gelang van water beskikbaarheidsklas, met die grootste reaksie op die natste groeiplekke.
Hoewel hierdie vroeë resultate is, kan ons die meganisme van die reaksie primêr toeskryf
aan 'n toename in BOI. Vektor analise van blaar voedingstof vlakke het aangedui dat
addisionele N en P na kunsmis toediening opgeneem is, wat die weg gebaan het vir 'n
toename in BOI en verhoogde volume aanwas.
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Evaluation of water use efficiency of short rotation poplar coppice at Bohemian-moravian highlandsHlaváčová, Marcela January 2014 (has links)
The diploma thesis provides basic characteristics of short rotation coppice plantations, then the most significant short rotation coppice species cultivated in the Czech Republic are described. The detailed description of particular Populus L. clone J-105 grown at the plantation of the Test Station Domanínek Ltd. follows. Afterwards, key determinants of short rotation coppice yield are presented in the text. The last theoretical part of the thesis deals with water use efficiency (WUE) with emphasis on the method used at the experimental plantation in Domanínek. The methods of sap flow measurements and biomass determinations are described for this purpose. The main aim of the practical part of the thesis is to determine WUE of 16 measured trees where sap flow measuring systems were installed. These trees are divided into 3 cohorts according to diameters at breast height (DBH) at the beginning of the growing season 2013. The additional measurements were carried out: phenological imaging, soil moisture measurements, LAI measurements and sapwood area determination. The statistical analysis of WUE did not show any statistically significant differences between values of WUE for individual cohorts. Only in May, the statistically significant difference between cohort 1 (trees with the thickest stems) and cohort 3 (trees with the lowest values of DBH) appeared.
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« Par bel mentir » : Mensonges et vérités ambiguës en amour dans les récits courtois des XIIe et XIIIe siècles / « Par bel mentir » : lies and Ambiguous Truths in the Field of Love in XIIth and XIIIth centuries Courtly NarrativesGrodet, Mathilde 08 December 2012 (has links)
La société médiévale accorde une importance particulière à la vérité. La foi en un Dieu omniscient dont le Verbe est vérité garantit cette attitude : pensées et paroles se doivent d’être cohérentes et dénuées de fausseté. Les situations mensongères, nombreuses dans les récits courtois, vont à l’encontre de cette exigence morale. Elles remettent en cause le monde idéal et volontiers manichéen de la littérature courtoise, brouillant les oppositions nettes entre dissimulation et révélation, hypocrisie et sincérité. La dimension généralement discursive du mensonge interroge le travail de l’auteur à une époque où la littérature romane prend conscience de ses enjeux. La question du langage et de son adéquation à la vérité est notamment au cœur des préoccupations. Le statut de la fiction, plus problématique encore, entraîne par ailleurs une tension entre la revendication constante de l’authenticité du récit et la fictionnalisation de la figure de l’auteur, moins poète que conteur. / In Medieval society the truth was held in the highest esteem. The belief in an omniscient God whose Word is truth guarantees this conviction: thoughts and speeches must be coherent and free of falsehood. The deceptive situations, abundant in courtly narratives are a direct contradiction of this moral call. They challenge the ideal and gladly Manichean world of courtly literature, blurring the clear oppositions between dissimulation and revelation, hypocrisy and sincerity. The usually discursive aspect of lie questions the author’s work in a period where the Romanic literature becomes aware of its stakes. The matter of language and its adequacy with truth is a fundamental concern. Furthermore, the status of fiction, even more troublesome, gives way to a constant tension between the authenticity of the narrative and the fictionalisation of the author figure, appearing less a poet and more a storyteller.
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