No abstract available. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of Natal, Durban, 1980.

In alleviating poverty in Lakes State in general and in the two counties (Yirol East and Wulu) in particular, there is a need to assess the property rights and its effects, identify the livelihoods and production assets of people solely involved in the cultivation of crops and agro-pastoralists, assess the role of land tenure system and how it contributes to land conflicts as well as conduct gender analysis of the impact of land tenure on the vulnerability of women and children in Yirol East and Wulu of Lakes State, South Sudan. Both quantitative and qualitative research methodology were utilized in this study. The qualitative research data consisted of focus group discussion, key informant interviews, and direct observation. Quantitative research data was gathered with the aid of a questionnaire. Two hundred questionnaires were implemented in Yirol East and Wulu County including 100 questionnaires in each county. Furthermore, these primary data sources were supplemented by secondary (or existing) data sources, including the South Sudan Land Act 2009, South Sudan National statistic Bureau, and documents from South Sudan Ministry of Irrigation. The food security is blamed on poor inadequate production assets which include human capital, financial capital, social capital, natural capital, and physical capital. In addition vulnerability factor due to draught, and conflict as well underutilization of the main livelihoods existing in the two communities the agro-pastoral of Yirol East and crop farmers of Wulu counties are the main findings of this research. The author highlighted the need to address the livelihoods and production asset constraints faced by agro-pastoralists of Yirol East Dinka communities and sedentary Beli communities of Wulu County. Dialogues for peace initiatives between rivals should be considered a step forward towards peaceful co-existence. Addressing property rights issues in relation to vulnerable women and children as well as land conflicts due to border demarcation, pastures and water points between communities is essential. / This thesis is an investigation for the use of agriculture and land tenure as a trategy for sustainable livelihoods for rural peoples of Lakes State, South Sudan. Inaddition, it was to access the impact of Sudan civil war on rural lives in the two counties Yirol East and Wulu of Lakes State, South Sudan.

No description available.

No description available.

This is a study of the politics of public policy. It provides analysis of land policy and a study of policy making and of the Tanzanian state. Rather than deducing the state's agenda from its actions and the policies it produces, this thesis seeks to examine the interactions between the significant factions and personae of the Tanzanian political and administrative elites. This approach goes beyond identifying the divisions within the state between the Party leadership, the technocrats within the Government, and the Presidency. The thesis demonstrates how the ways in which conflicts are resolved, or deferred, and compromises are reached can lead to outcomes which do not necessarily constitute the sum of identifiable interests. In particular, a 'hidden level of government' is uncovered which consists of a technocratic elite which has, to a large extent, managed to depoliticise otherwise sensitive and controversial policy decisions and thus impose their stamp on policy outcomes. This approach to the analysis of rural land policies reveals the continuities in the state's approach to land issues. Since the colonial period, the objective of Tanzania's land policies has been to transform the countryside from the presumed inefficiencies of the 'traditional' modes of land use to fit the needs of a 'modern' and monetised economy. The modernising policies have provided the rationale for an authoritarian approach to land tenure and have been implemented by a centralised land administration. This thesis' historical analysis of the policies associated with the period of ujamaa and villagisation, and of the case studies of the 1983 Agricultural Policy and the 1995 National Land Policy, show that a modernising discourse and centralising administrative practices have remained at the centre of the policy agenda, despite dramatic changes in economic strategies and political institutions, and controversies over the future direction of land policies. The resulting land tenure regime relies on discretionary decision making by politicians and land officials and fails to provide workable procedures of checks and controls against malpractice. This study's detailed examination of the formulation of the National Land Policy reveals how a small elite of senior civil servants were able to hijack the policy making process and side-step political pressure for reform. They ignored, or appropriated selectively, the evidence and recommendations produced by comprehensive policy reviews, including the 1992 Presidential Commission of Inquiry, to maintain their direction of land policy while failing to address the evident shortcomings of the existing land policy regime.

Urban areas in Ethiopia have been growing very quickly in recent decades, which haveled to ever increasing demand for land in peri-urban areas for housing and other nonagriculturalactivities. This has had several transformative impacts on the transitionalperi-urban, areas including engulfment of local communities and conversion of landrights and use from an agricultural to a built-up property rights system. Peri-urban areasalso display all forms of competition for land among people of diverse backgrounds.Research on the challenges of urbanization in peri-urban land tenure system and theongoing changes in Ethiopia is limited, and the situations and actors interested in periurbanland are constantly changing. Therefore, the purpose of this research is toinvestigate the challenges imposed on peri-urban land rights as a result of the growingdemand for land for urbanization. The project also encompasses an attempt to discoverthe process of informal transaction and development of peri-urban land and the principalactors involved. The study comprises a summary essay and four articles which were conducted using casestudy and desk review research approaches. Following the case study tradition, acombination of different data collection instruments such as questionnaires, FGDs, keyinformant interviews (both structured and open-ended) and direct field observations wasemployed to collect research data from the case study areas. Bahir Dar CityAdministration was selected purposively as case study area at the first stage and two periurbanvillages, Weramit and Zenzelima, were selected from Bahir Dar CityAdministration at the second stage of the case study area selection process. The research has revealed that urbanization and urban development in Ethiopia areaccompanied by contentious land tenure changes which favor the urbanities above localperi-urban communities. As a result, urbanization has precipitated a wave ofdispossession and proliferation of informal settlements in peri-urban areas. Thus,addressing the challenges of urbanization and its effect on the land rights of local periurbancommunities requires the introduction of an inclusive and participatory landdevelopment tool like land readjustment, which can encourage voluntary contribution ofland for urbanization by the local peri-urban landholders themselves. / <p>QC 20150114</p>

No abstract available. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of Durban-Westville, 2002.

This study addresses the question of the nature of indigenous people's connection to the land, and the implications of this for articulating these connections in legal arenas where questions of Aboriginal title and land claims are at issue. The idea of 'place' is developed, based in a phenomenology of dwelling which takes profound attachments to home places as shaping and being shaped by ontological orientation and social organization. In this theory of the 'senses of place', the author emphasizes the relationships between meaning and power experienced and embodied in place, and the social systems of property and territory that forms indigenous land tenure systems. To explore this theoretical notion of senses of place, the study develops a detailed ethnography of a Coast Salish Aboriginal community on southeast Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. Through this ethnography of dwelling, the ways in which places become richly imbued with meanings and how they shape social organization and generate social action are examined. Narratives with Coast Salish community members, set in a broad context of discussing land claims, provide context for understanding senses of place imbued with ancestors, myth, spirit, power, language, history, property, territory and boundaries. The author concludes in arguing that by attending to a theorized understanding of highly local senses of place, nuanced conceptions of indigenous relationships to land which appreciate indigenous relations to land in their own terms can be articulated.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1982. / Bibliography: leaves [245]-257. / Microfiche. / viii, 257 leaves, bound 29 cm

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 118-122). / ix, 122 leaves, bound ill., maps 29 cm