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Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Univ., 2005. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1969.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1969.

Thesis (doctoral)--Umeå Universitet, 1986. / Extra t.p. with thesis statement inserted. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (doctoral)--Umeå Universitet, 1986. / Extra t.p. with thesis statement inserted. Includes bibliographical references.

In this thesis, we investigate joint models of longitudinal and time-to-event data. We extend the current literature by developing a model that assigns subject-specific variance to the longitudinal process and links this variance to the survival outcome. During development we provide the theoretical definition of the model and its properties, and explore the practical implications for estimating the parameters. We use Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods, and compare the different samplers used in similar models in the literature with our custom MCMC algorithm, written in C++. We use the Deviance Information Criterion to perform model comparisons, and we formalise suggestions from the literature to use posterior predictive model checking to construct a goodness-of-fit test for our model. We use the model on two real-world datasets to investigate claims relating to the importance of blood pressure volatility on stroke risk, and examine the consequences of ignoring measurement error. We amend our model to accommodate competing risk, time-dependent baseline hazard rates, and bivariate longitudinal processes - at which point we update our MCMC samplers and identify the issues. Finally, we use our code in a separate, but related, collaboration with other researchers to analyse repeated counts data.

Since the days of Booker T. Washington and W. E. B. Du Bois, the argument has flourished relative to the value of vocational education for Black youth. This study, using data from the "High School and Beyond 1980 Sophomore Cohort Third Follow-Up (1986)" survey, investigated three basic areas, namely: (a) the demographic, personological, and educational profile of Black youth enrolled in vocational education, and the manner in which this profile varied in relation to their vocational concentration patterns, (b) the profile of these youth in terms of their employment outcomes, educational expectations, and civic and political participation > practices after completion of their secondary schooling, according to their concentration patterns, and (c) the changes over time among these youth within their vocational concentration patterns, with regard to aptitude, educational and vocational expectations, and employment status. Major findings of this study have been presented for the students by concentration patterns. Some of the major overall findings were: Students with greater concentration in vocational education course work tended to come from urban areas, the southern region of the United States, and the lowest socioeconomic status quartile. Both educational and occupational expectations were unrealistic in terms of Standardized test performance and grades. A large percentage waS not in the labor force and a very small percentage was participating in civic or political activities. Findings for outcome and change over time variables were presented for the three vocational participation patterns, Concentrators, Limited Concentrators, and Samplers. / Ed. D.

Longitudinal data from 113 dual-career couples are used to explore the relationship between perceptions of marital equity and well-being and distress in marital, professional, and parental roles, how perceptions of equity change over time, and to examine efforts to restore equity. Differences in well-being and distress in roles are identified by gender and equity group. study results indicate that for both spouses, perceptions of inequity are associated with lower marital well-being and higher marital distress; however, under benefited wives reported higher professional well-being and under benefited husbands reported higher parental well-being. Couple perceptions of equity decreased between 1986 and 1990; under benefited husbands were more likely to use threats and bargaining to negotiate for relationship changes while wives sought counseling. Results demonstrate the importance of using multiple measures of well-being and distress and including gender and equity type in investigations of marital equity. / Ph. D.