No description available.

Em áreas de várzeas, os rizóbios podem formar nódulos em leguminosas hibernais, adaptadas a condições de estresse hídrico, fixar nitrogênio, e colonizar as plantas de arroz, em sistema de rotação. Recentes estudos têm mostrado que os rizóbios podem colonizar raízes, caules e folhas de gramíneas, como o arroz, promovendo o crescimento da planta. A produção de fito-hormônios, principalmente ácido indol acético (AIA), é possivelmente o principal mecanismo de promoção de crescimento de arroz por rizóbios. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram estudar a resistência da simbiose entre rizóbios e Lotus a alagamento e deficiência hídrica; verificar a resposta de diferentes cultivares de arroz à inoculação com rizóbios; avaliar a interação entre a adubação nitrogenada e a promoção de crescimento por rizóbios em arroz; estudar o padrão de colonização de plantas de arroz e leguminosas por rizóbios e estudar geneticamente a biossíntese de auxinas por rizóbios. Foram realizados vários experimentos, em casa de vegetação e em laboratório, com plantas das espécies de leguminosas L. corniculatus (variedade São Gabriel) e L.uliginosus (variedade Maku) e com plantas arroz, inoculadas com diferentes rizóbios. As plantas de L.uliginosus toleraram o alagamento, mostrando potencial para utilização em áreas de várzea, em rotação com arroz. Entre as cultivares de arroz testadas, IRGA 424 mostrou-se mais responsiva à inoculação com rizóbios. A inoculação estimulou o crescimento das plantas e este incremento foi proporcional às doses de nitrogênio aplicado. Além disso, a inoculação com rizóbios permitiu maior eficiência no uso do nitrogênio absorvido do solo. A marcação dos rizóbios com o gene Gus permitiu confirmar a colonização em arroz. Os rizóbios testados são capazes de produzir AIA e há indícios de que a biosíntese ocorra pela rota do indol-3-acetonitrilo (IAN). / In lowland areas, the rhizobia can form nodules in legumes, when adapted to conditions of water stress, fix nitrogen and colonize the rice plants in rotation. Recent studies have shown that rhizobia can colonize roots, stems and leaves of grasses, such as rice, promoting plant growth. The production of phytohormones, mainly indole acetic acid (IAA) is possibly the main mechanism of growth promotion of rice by rhizobia. The objectives were to study the resistance of the symbiosis between rhizobia and Lotus to flooding and drought; check the response of different rice cultivars to inoculation with rhizobia and to evaluate the interaction between nitrogen and the promotion of growth by indigenous rice; to study the colonization pattern of rice plants by rhizobia and legumes and to study genetically the biosynthesis of auxin by rhizobia. Several experiments were conducted in the greenhouse and laboratory, with plants of the legume species L. corniculatus (var. São Gabriel) and L.uliginosus (var. Maku) and rice plants inoculated with different rhizobia. L.uliginosus plants tolerate flooding, showing potential for their use in floodplain areas, in rotation with rice. Among the rice cultivars tested, IRGA424 proved to be more responsive to inoculation with rhizobia. Inoculation with rhizobia tested stimulated the growth of plants, and this increase was proportional to the doses of nitrogen applied. Furthermore, inoculation with rhizobia allowed more efficient use of nitrogen absorbed from the soil. The marking of rhizobia with the Gus gene, confirmed the colonization of rice. The rhizobia tested are able to produce IAA, and there is evidence that the biosynthesis occurs by the route of indole-3- acetonitrile (IAN).

[Truncated abstract] Salinity and waterlogging interact to reduce the growth of most crop and pasture species. Species that are productive on saline-waterlogging land are needed for Australian farming systems. One option is Lotus tenuis, a perennial legume widely grown for pasture in the flood-prone and salt-affected Pampa region of Argentina. To identify mechanisms responsible for the adverse interaction between salinity and waterlogging, Lotus tenuis with a reputation for tolerance was compared with L. corniculatus, the most widely cultivated Lotus species. The physiology of salt and waterlogging tolerance in L. tenuis (4 cultivars) was evaluated, and compared with L. corniculatus (3 cultivars). Overall, L. tenuis cultivars accumulated less Na+ and Cl-, and more K+ in shoots than L. corniculatus cultivars, when exposed to 200 mM NaCl for 28 d in aerated or in anoxic (stagnant agar) solutions. In a NaCl dose response experiment (0 to 400 mM NaCl in aerated solution), Lotus tenuis (cv. Chaja) accumulated half as much Cl- in its shoots than L. corniculatus (cv. San Gabriel) at all external NaCl concentrations, and about 30% less shoot Na+ in treatments above 250 mM NaCl. Ion distributions in shoots were determined for plants at 200 mM NaCl; L. tenuis (cv. Chaja) accumulated about half as much Cl- in old leaves, young leaves and stems, compared with concentrations in L. corniculatus (cv. San Gabriel). There were not, however, significant differences between the two species for Na+ concentrations in the various shoot tissues under aerated NaCl treatment. '...' Therefore, during early stages of exposure to salinity, L. tenuis accumulated a higher proportion of total Na+ in the roots under combined stagnant-plus-NaCl treatment (55% versus 39% for L. corniculatus). Na+ transporters, particularly those relying on H+ gradients across membranes, which in turn require adequate ATP levels, could be impaired under O2 deficits that inhibit respiration. To study the effect of O2 deficiency on a Na+ transporter, an NHX1-like gene was cloned from L. tenuis and identity established via sequencing and yeast complementation studies. Real-time qPCR showed expression of NHX1 in L. tenuis roots increased under stagnant-plus-NaCl treatment, whereas it was reduced in L. corniculatus. Thus, maintaining O2 transport to roots, together with up-regulation of an NHX1-like gene for Na+ accumulation in vacuoles, contributes to tolerance of L. tenuis to combined salinity and waterlogging stresses. This study highlights the importance of minimising Cl- transport to shoots as a mechanism of salt tolerance and has identified a CCC-like gene in L. tenuis as a candidate for mediating root-to-shoot Cl- transport. Under combined stagnant-plus-NaCl treatment, control of Na+ transport is another mechanism contributing to tolerance in these Lotus species. Enhanced root aeration in L. tenuis maintains root Na+ transport processes, such as accumulation in vacuoles via NHX1-like genes, to diminish xylem loading to the shoot. Overall, this thesis has contributed new knowledge on the potential of Lotus tenuis as a saltland pasture and has significantly enhanced current understanding on the mechanisms of salinity and waterlogging tolerance in plants.

No description available.

No description available.

Zugl.: Dublin, Univ., Diss., 2008

Thesis (M.Sc. (Organic Chemistry))--Mahidol University, 1971.

Em áreas de várzeas, os rizóbios podem formar nódulos em leguminosas hibernais, adaptadas a condições de estresse hídrico, fixar nitrogênio, e colonizar as plantas de arroz, em sistema de rotação. Recentes estudos têm mostrado que os rizóbios podem colonizar raízes, caules e folhas de gramíneas, como o arroz, promovendo o crescimento da planta. A produção de fito-hormônios, principalmente ácido indol acético (AIA), é possivelmente o principal mecanismo de promoção de crescimento de arroz por rizóbios. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram estudar a resistência da simbiose entre rizóbios e Lotus a alagamento e deficiência hídrica; verificar a resposta de diferentes cultivares de arroz à inoculação com rizóbios; avaliar a interação entre a adubação nitrogenada e a promoção de crescimento por rizóbios em arroz; estudar o padrão de colonização de plantas de arroz e leguminosas por rizóbios e estudar geneticamente a biossíntese de auxinas por rizóbios. Foram realizados vários experimentos, em casa de vegetação e em laboratório, com plantas das espécies de leguminosas L. corniculatus (variedade São Gabriel) e L.uliginosus (variedade Maku) e com plantas arroz, inoculadas com diferentes rizóbios. As plantas de L.uliginosus toleraram o alagamento, mostrando potencial para utilização em áreas de várzea, em rotação com arroz. Entre as cultivares de arroz testadas, IRGA 424 mostrou-se mais responsiva à inoculação com rizóbios. A inoculação estimulou o crescimento das plantas e este incremento foi proporcional às doses de nitrogênio aplicado. Além disso, a inoculação com rizóbios permitiu maior eficiência no uso do nitrogênio absorvido do solo. A marcação dos rizóbios com o gene Gus permitiu confirmar a colonização em arroz. Os rizóbios testados são capazes de produzir AIA e há indícios de que a biosíntese ocorra pela rota do indol-3-acetonitrilo (IAN). / In lowland areas, the rhizobia can form nodules in legumes, when adapted to conditions of water stress, fix nitrogen and colonize the rice plants in rotation. Recent studies have shown that rhizobia can colonize roots, stems and leaves of grasses, such as rice, promoting plant growth. The production of phytohormones, mainly indole acetic acid (IAA) is possibly the main mechanism of growth promotion of rice by rhizobia. The objectives were to study the resistance of the symbiosis between rhizobia and Lotus to flooding and drought; check the response of different rice cultivars to inoculation with rhizobia and to evaluate the interaction between nitrogen and the promotion of growth by indigenous rice; to study the colonization pattern of rice plants by rhizobia and legumes and to study genetically the biosynthesis of auxin by rhizobia. Several experiments were conducted in the greenhouse and laboratory, with plants of the legume species L. corniculatus (var. São Gabriel) and L.uliginosus (var. Maku) and rice plants inoculated with different rhizobia. L.uliginosus plants tolerate flooding, showing potential for their use in floodplain areas, in rotation with rice. Among the rice cultivars tested, IRGA424 proved to be more responsive to inoculation with rhizobia. Inoculation with rhizobia tested stimulated the growth of plants, and this increase was proportional to the doses of nitrogen applied. Furthermore, inoculation with rhizobia allowed more efficient use of nitrogen absorbed from the soil. The marking of rhizobia with the Gus gene, confirmed the colonization of rice. The rhizobia tested are able to produce IAA, and there is evidence that the biosynthesis occurs by the route of indole-3- acetonitrile (IAN).

Em áreas de várzeas, os rizóbios podem formar nódulos em leguminosas hibernais, adaptadas a condições de estresse hídrico, fixar nitrogênio, e colonizar as plantas de arroz, em sistema de rotação. Recentes estudos têm mostrado que os rizóbios podem colonizar raízes, caules e folhas de gramíneas, como o arroz, promovendo o crescimento da planta. A produção de fito-hormônios, principalmente ácido indol acético (AIA), é possivelmente o principal mecanismo de promoção de crescimento de arroz por rizóbios. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram estudar a resistência da simbiose entre rizóbios e Lotus a alagamento e deficiência hídrica; verificar a resposta de diferentes cultivares de arroz à inoculação com rizóbios; avaliar a interação entre a adubação nitrogenada e a promoção de crescimento por rizóbios em arroz; estudar o padrão de colonização de plantas de arroz e leguminosas por rizóbios e estudar geneticamente a biossíntese de auxinas por rizóbios. Foram realizados vários experimentos, em casa de vegetação e em laboratório, com plantas das espécies de leguminosas L. corniculatus (variedade São Gabriel) e L.uliginosus (variedade Maku) e com plantas arroz, inoculadas com diferentes rizóbios. As plantas de L.uliginosus toleraram o alagamento, mostrando potencial para utilização em áreas de várzea, em rotação com arroz. Entre as cultivares de arroz testadas, IRGA 424 mostrou-se mais responsiva à inoculação com rizóbios. A inoculação estimulou o crescimento das plantas e este incremento foi proporcional às doses de nitrogênio aplicado. Além disso, a inoculação com rizóbios permitiu maior eficiência no uso do nitrogênio absorvido do solo. A marcação dos rizóbios com o gene Gus permitiu confirmar a colonização em arroz. Os rizóbios testados são capazes de produzir AIA e há indícios de que a biosíntese ocorra pela rota do indol-3-acetonitrilo (IAN). / In lowland areas, the rhizobia can form nodules in legumes, when adapted to conditions of water stress, fix nitrogen and colonize the rice plants in rotation. Recent studies have shown that rhizobia can colonize roots, stems and leaves of grasses, such as rice, promoting plant growth. The production of phytohormones, mainly indole acetic acid (IAA) is possibly the main mechanism of growth promotion of rice by rhizobia. The objectives were to study the resistance of the symbiosis between rhizobia and Lotus to flooding and drought; check the response of different rice cultivars to inoculation with rhizobia and to evaluate the interaction between nitrogen and the promotion of growth by indigenous rice; to study the colonization pattern of rice plants by rhizobia and legumes and to study genetically the biosynthesis of auxin by rhizobia. Several experiments were conducted in the greenhouse and laboratory, with plants of the legume species L. corniculatus (var. São Gabriel) and L.uliginosus (var. Maku) and rice plants inoculated with different rhizobia. L.uliginosus plants tolerate flooding, showing potential for their use in floodplain areas, in rotation with rice. Among the rice cultivars tested, IRGA424 proved to be more responsive to inoculation with rhizobia. Inoculation with rhizobia tested stimulated the growth of plants, and this increase was proportional to the doses of nitrogen applied. Furthermore, inoculation with rhizobia allowed more efficient use of nitrogen absorbed from the soil. The marking of rhizobia with the Gus gene, confirmed the colonization of rice. The rhizobia tested are able to produce IAA, and there is evidence that the biosynthesis occurs by the route of indole-3- acetonitrile (IAN).

abstract: This project includes a recording, composer biographies, performance guides, and composer questionnaires for seven original works commissioned for either the Rogue Trio or Lotus. The members of the Rogue Trio are violinist Kathleen Strahm, saxophonist Justin Rollefson, and pianist Mary Cota. Lotus’s members include Samuel Detweiler, Justin Rollefson, and Kristen Zelenak on saxophone. Both ensembles are based in Tempe, Arizona. All seven original compositions were recorded at Tempest Recording in February of 2018. The first piece, Four Impersonations (2016), was commissioned by the Rogue Trio and written by Theo Chandler (b.1992) for violin, soprano saxophone and piano. The second piece was written by Spencer Arias (b. 1990) titled He Said There Was No Sound (2015) for violin, alto saxophone, and piano. The final work is titled Cabinet Meeting (2017), composed by Zachary Green (b. 1993) for violin, alto and tenor saxophone, and piano. The first piece commissioned by Lotus and composed by Spencer Arias is titled As I escape, the water calms (2017) for soprano saxophone, alto saxophone, and tenor saxophone. The second piece was composed by Graham Cohen (b. 1999), titled Introduction and Toccata (2017), written for soprano, alto, and baritone saxophones. The third piece, titled Everything that rises, was written by David “Clay” Mettens (b. 1990) in 2014 for three soprano saxophones. Samuel Detweiler, Justin Rollefson and Tyler Flowers originally commissioned this piece. The final piece commissioned by Lotus was written by Matthew Kennedy (b. 1987) titled Triceratops: tasty grooves for saxophone trio (2017) for alto, tenor, and baritone saxophones. / Dissertation/Thesis / Four Impersonations, Movement I: An outwardly-confident adolescent demanding recognition - Theo Chandler / Four Impersonations, Movement II: A grumpy hermit ignoring the attention of a suitor - Theo Chandler / Four Impersonations, Movement III: A skinny, shy boy standing in the rain - Theo Chandler / Four Impersonations, Movement IV: Subordinates mocking an authority figure - Theo Chandler / He Said There Was No Sound - Spencer Arias / Cabinet Meeting, Movement I: Introduction - Zachary Green / Cabinet Meeting, Movement II: Jared Kushner, mysterious robot - Zachary Green / Cabinet Meeting, Movement III: Secretary of State Rex Tillerson, lonesome cowboy - Zachary Green / Cabinet Meeting, Movement IV: Anthony "The Mooch" Scaramucci, in candid conversation with the New Yorker - Zachary Green / Cabinet Meeting, Movement V: Betsy DeVos Secretary of Education - Zachary Green / Cabinet Meeting, Movement VI: Ben Carson Secretary of Housing and Urban Development - Zachary Green / Cabinet Meeting, Movement VII: Attorney General Jeff Sessions, responding to questions from the Senate Intelligence Committee - Zachary Green / As I escape, the water calms - Spencer Arias / Introduction and Toccata - Graham Cohen / Everything that rises - David “Clay” Mettens / Triceratops - Matthew Kennedy / Doctoral Dissertation Music 2018