Osteocytes, the most abundant cell within bone, have been linked to the processes of mechanosensation and transduction. Based upon relatively limited empirical evidence, variations in their abundance and morphology have been linked to sex, age, biomechanics and disease. In order to better elucidate lacunar variation within a healthy cohort, samples from 30 women aged 20-86 and 36 men aged 18-92 were studied utilizing synchrotron radiation micro-CT. Initial studies of normal variation within the femoral proximal shaft cross-section found high variation in lacunar density (up to ~54%) and associated morphological differences linked to biomechanical regions. In women, a non-significant trend in lacunar density reduction was apparent with age; however, a significant reduction in lacunar volume with age (~30%) was observed. Also noted were differences in lacunar morphology, with the lacunae of younger women characterized as flatter and less equant than their older counterparts. The males, who demonstrated lacunar density decline with age and a tendency towards more equant and less elongate lacunae, did not share these characteristics. Intriguingly, the previously noted reductions in lacunar volume were not observed in males. The results of this research indicate that normal variation in osteocyte lacunar parameters is high. To our knowledge the observation that lacunar volume differs in women with age is novel, potentially resulting from preferential surface infilling within the extracellular space. The functional impact of this infilling is unclear but such a change in scale likely impacts the mechanosensing function of the osteocyte network. This hypothesis warrants further investigation as, if confirmed, it would represent a profound negative impact on the osteocyte network and may provide new insights into age-related bone loss.

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Anledningen till att skriva om cellulosalack är att från år till år det finns allt fler möbler med sådan ytbehandlingsom hamnar på konserverings- och restaureringsverkstäder. Dessa möbler kommer framför allt från1950- och 1960-talet (när det var en av dem vanligaste typerna av ytbehandling) men även från 1920- och1930-talet. Idag har möblerna från 1900-talet blivit antikviteter och eftersökta på marknaden. Därför är demvärdefullast med sin ursprungliga ytbehandling som behöver skyddas och bevaras.Den här typen av transparent ytbehandling orsakar många problem för en konservator men jag harkoncentrerat mig på hur man partiellt kan bättra lakuner, som man kan tolka här som tomrum, brist, bortfallav transparent ytbehandling (ordet kommer från latin – lacuna, lacunae).Tidigare har den vanligaste metoden för att restaurera en möbel med förstörd cellulosaytbehandlingvarit att rensa bort den gamla och lägga på helt ny. I moderna tider är det uppenbart att det är inte särskiltmiljövänlig och hälsosamt att rensa bort och lägga på nytt cellulosalack samt med bevaringsattityd är det bättreatt reparera den gamla ytbehandlingen som är originell och autentisk. Som möbelkonservator borde manlära sig att hantera sådan ytbehandlingsproblematik.Därför finns det behov att hitta metoder och material som hjälper att fylla lakuner på ett effektivt sätt.Där har jag också värderat dem utifrån konserverings- och restaureringsgrundregler. Baserade på skriftligakällor samt på min och min handledarens erfarenhet i detta område, har jag i mitt examensarbete genompraktiska experiment presenterat och utvärderat några metoder att fylla lakuner. / The reason to write about cellulose lacquer is that from year to year there are more and more furniture withsuch transparent coatings that come to the conservation and restoration workshops. The furniture comesmainly from the 1950´s and 1960´s (when it was one of the most common type of transparent finishes) butalso from the 1920´s and 1930´s. Today the furniture from the 20th century has become antiques and soughtafter on the market. Therefore, they are still valuable with their original coatings that would need to be protectedand preserved.This type of transparent finishes causes many problems for the conservator, but I have concentratedon how to partially improve the lacunae that you can interpret here as a break in continuity, gaps in transparentcoatings (the word comes from Latin – lacuna, lacunae).Earlier, the most common method of restoring a furniture with damaged transparent coatings was toremove the old and add a whole new one. In modern times, it is obvious that it is not very environmentallyfriendly and healthy to clean up and add new nitrate cellulose laquer, with conservation attitude is better torepair old finishes that are original. One should learn how to handle such transparent coatings problems.Therefore, there is a need to find methods and materials that help fill gaps effectively. I have also evaluatedthem based on preserving and restoration ground rules.Through practical experiments, based on written sources as well as on my and my supervisors experiencein this area, I have presented and evaluated some methods of filling lacunae in my bachelor thesis.

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