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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Chicago, 1972. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 179-182).

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Chicago, 1972. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 179-182).

Education, always important, is today more essential than ever if we are to perpetuate and improve our democratic way of life . The recognition of the importance of education in our society has resulted in planning at the national , state and local levels.

Graduation date: 1970

The Coyote Hills are located about 46 kilometers north-northwest of Lakeview, Oregon, within the Basin and Range physiographic province. These hills represent a complex volcanic center of bimodal calc-alkaline igneous activity. The oldest rocks recorded in the Tertiary succession are horn-blende- bearing andesite and aphanitic basalt flows, laharic breccias, conglomerates, tuffaceous sandstones, and lithic wackes of the late Eocene to early Oligocene Lower Andesite formation. During middle to early late Oligocene time, voluminous eruptions of predominately basaltic andesite formed a large shield volcano. This unit, the Upper Basalt formation, was followed, after a short hiatus, by the Coyote Hills rhyolite of late Oligocene to early Miocene age. The Coyote Hills rhyolite represents a complex spectrum of multi-phase silicic volcanism and comagmatic near-surface plutonism. Magma compositions varied from dacite to rhyolite and include lava flows, volcanic plugs, a flow dome complex, and a hypabyssal quartz monzonite intrusion. Volcanic activity that post-dates formation of the bimodal Coyote Hills complex culminated with the lower slopes of the shield volcano onlapped by the middle Miocene Steens Basalt, the late middle to early late Miocene Plush tuff, and the late Miocene to early Pliocene Upper basalt. A prominent northwest and northeast-trending fault and fracture system formed after emplacement of the Coyote Hills rhyolite, and as early as late Oligocene to early Miocene in time. Basin and Range faults post-date the Steens Basalt and have caused some minor displacement of the younger rocks. Penecontemporaneous with silicic volcanism of the Coyote Hills rhyolite was a period of hydrothermal activity. Fluids ascended favorable structures, altered the surrounding country rocks, and deposited minor quantities of epithermal gold-silver-copper-mercury-molybdenum(?)- lead(?), and zinc(?) in structurally controlled quartz-pyrite veinlets and as disseminations. Because of the association of mineralization with silicic volcanics in time and space, it is concluded that the two processes were genetically related. The hydrothermal system in the Coyote Hills is related to the late stages of silicic volcanism. Evidence for a genetic relation includes the close association of rock type, and chemical and mineral zonations within the district. Geological and geochemical evidence that includes rock type and alteration patterns, and mineral and trace element zonations, collectively suggest that only the highest level of the hydrothermal system has been exposed. It is entirely possible that a large vein or disseminated-type deposit containing both base and precious metals is present at depth. / Graduation date: 1981

The history of solid waste management in Lake County, Florida is reviewed. The role of governmental agencies is mentioned. Local environmental characteristics and transportation systems are discussed. Existing collection and disposal practices are presented. A land use analysis of the unincorporated areas of the County is given. Projections of population and solid waste quantities are listed. Two computer models are presented. Their optimum solutions are analyzed in detail. The cost associated with implementing either plan is presented. A recommended plan is given based on a combination of transfer stations and sanitary landfills.

Concentrations of selenium (Se), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and arsenic (As) were measured in the water column, sediment and biota, in conjunction with selected physicochemical data, from representative wetland types at a mining site within Salt Lake County, Utah, USA. The selected field sites included Oolitic Pond (lentic) and Lee Creek (lotic), which are moderately contaminated brackish, alkaline aquatic wetlands managed by a copper mining industry. These fishless wetlands are located in a geographic region that poses risk to migratory shorebird populations from dietary Se. A spatial sampling study demonstrated the extent of variation in total Se concentration within the wetlands. With the exception of the sediment compartment, Se concentration did not differ significantly along the 2-mile length of Lee Creek or within the Pond. The differences in sediment total Se concentrations between the Creek East and West segments characterize lower Lee Creek as having two segments distinguished by unique processes that influence the sediment Se accumulation profiles. Se accumulation trends were observed temporally over 3-years (2000 to 2002) and over two seasons (spring and autumn). Total Se body burden in benthic invertebrates was more clearly associated with sediment/detritus Se concentrations than with surface water concentrations. Three invertebrate groups dominated the aquatic invertebrates assemblage in the lotic and lentic benthos; primary consumers (Chironomidae, Diptera), generalist feeders (Hemiptera) and predators (Odonata). The chironomid larvae accumulated 1.3 to 39 times the trace metal concentrations of the Hemiptera or odonate taxa, independent of trace metal type (essential or non-essential) or wetland occupation. Organism-specific factors, such as habitat selection and preferential feeding habits, were proposed to influence benthic invertebrate accumulation profiles by modifying trace metal exposure. Mixed diets, trophic omnivory and the complexity of wetland biogeochemistry limit the power of stable nitrogen fractionation signatures to define benthic food web relationships. Wetland site-specific processes impacted Se accumulating efficiency, with trace metal concentrations from 4 to 7 times greater within the lentic benthic system than the lotic. The fractionation of the natural abundant stable carbon isotopes revealed the importance of sedimentary and detrital organic carbon as dietary sources for the benthic food web. Sediment organic content was not significantly associated with sediment, or invertebrate, Se accumulation profiles. Ecological risk assessments based on sound understanding of metal chemistry and the interactions between the sediment matrix and benthic organisms are necessary to provide tools for environmental management. / Graduation date: 2005

This thesis traces the origin, development, and decline, from 1852 to 1904, of Salt Lake County's judicial precincts. A precinct functioned as the basic subdivision of county government. Its boundaries were generally coterminous with those of local communities. It was established to allow for a degree of local control by the people.Chapter two reveals that precinct justices experienced over time a marked decline in socio-political prominence. This is largely due to legislative statutes that decreased their jurisdictional powers. Chapter three examines the evolution of precinct boundaries. It is demonstrated that geographic distribution of individuals played a major role in the growth and eventual consolidation of community precincts. The relative availability of government services also fostered the development of county districts. Chapter four studies the role of the minor precinct officials in local government--constables, estray poundkeepers, and fenceviewers. The last chapter devotes attention to the factors that influenced the institution. The appendix lists the county's justices of the peace from 1852 to 1904.

Reported research has suggested that poor persons and/or minorities are disproportionately exposed to environmental hazards such as incinerators, landfills, pesticides, and poor air quality. One accepted form of an environmental hazard is a waste management facility. This present research examined the variables minority percentage and median household income of the population surrounding each waste management facility under scrutiny within Lake County, Indiana. The two variables were each correlated with distance from the center of each waste management facility (as determined through a geographic information system) to a distance of three kilometers. The materials and methods used in this particular research provided for a more precise analysis of such correlations than has typified most of the earlier studies. Three significant correlations were found. First, the Gary landfill rendered a positive relationship between distance from the center of the site and increased income. Second, the Munster landfill revealed a negative relationship between distance to the center of the site and increased minority percentage of the population. Lastly, the Munster landfill also had a negative relationship between income and distance from the center of the landfill. Data showed that the large proportion of minority households surrounding the Munster landfill earned an income that would easily allow for social mobility. Such social mobility, arguably, allows a household to move away from an environmental hazard. It was concluded that no support for a claim of environmental racism could be found. Further, a call for a re-examination of the definition of environmental racism is made based upon the large number of wealthy minorities residing around the Munster landfill. / Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management