M.Comm. / Stakeholders in the process of transfer of immovable property often argue that transfers take too long. This perception impacts unfavourably on investments in property, as well as on the effective management by conveyancing attorneys of their practices. Different views exist, however, as to how long transfers actually take in practice and as regards the period of time that would constitute a reasonable duration for a typical transfer. The purpose of the study is firstly to establish, by means of empirical research, how long transfers should take, given the factors that influence their duration, and secondly to determine how long transfers actually take in practice. The study identifies the factors that influence the duration of transfers. Based on the observations of practising conveyancers, it then proceeds to establish that typical transfers (transfers resulting from certain defined property transactions) should be registered within 6 to 12 weeks (42 to 84 days) from the date of sale. Some conveyancers prefer to express the duration of transfers in months rather than weeks, and state that two to three months (60 to 90 days) represent a normal spectrum of duration for typical transfers. A model is then developed, based on PERT (Programme Evaluation and Review Techniques), that determines the minimum and maximum duration that could reasonably be expected with regard to typical transfers. These periods are calculated as 35 days and 97 days respectively. A reasonable, "average" period for typical transfers is calculated as 63 days. Based on the above findings, the study recommends a duration of 60 to 70 days as a reasonable time span for typical transfers. This period constitutes a theoretical benchmark against which the duration of typical transfers may be measured. The thesis then proceeds to calculate the real duration of typical transfers, based on information regarding transfers that had actually been registered in South African deeds offices over a period of seven years and ten months. With the aid of electronic data it is calculated that typical transfers take an average of 90.15 days from conclusion of sale to date of registration. The median of duration is determined as 85 days and the mode as 70 days. A ten day incrementalX analysis reflects the ten day category of 61 to 70 days as the category in which the most typical transfers occur. Certain trends regarding the duration of transfers are established. Sectional title transfers are on average registered 1. 7 days faster than freehold transfers. A year-on-year comparison shows a reduction in the figure for average duration of typical transfers during the years 1995 to 1999, but average duration increases substantially in 2000 and 2001. In some deeds registries transfers are on average registered faster than in others, but no relationship is found between the volume of registrations in a particular deeds office and the average duration of these transfers. A relationship is found to exist, however, between the price bracket of a property and the duration of the transfer. Broadly speaking it can be said that the higher the price, the shorter the duration of the transfer. At first glance it appears that, generally speaking, transfers actually take as long -or ·as short- as they are in theory supposed to take. Further analysis show, however, that a mere 35.28% of typical transfers are registered within 70 days or less. Only 54.46% of typical transfers take 90 days or less to register. The fact that so many actual registrations fail to meet the theoretical standards described in the study leads to tre conclusion that the unfavourable perception about the duration of transfers has some merit. The thesis recommends that conveyancers use the findings of the study as management tools in the day to day management of their conveyancing practices. A follow- on study that addresses the unfavourable perception about the duration of transfers in more detail is also recommended.

陳潔珊. / 書名中之「貯」「履」二字原為金文. / 論文(碩士) -- 香港中文大學硏究院中國語言及文學學部, 1997. / 參考文獻: leaves 281-302. / Chen Jieshan. / Chapter 第一章 --- 引言 --- p.1 / 第一章注釋 --- p.4 / Chapter 第二章 --- 金文中的「？」字 --- p.5 / Chapter (1) --- 金文中「？」字及「？田」的解釋 --- p.5 / Chapter (a) --- 「？」隸定爲「？」（「貯」）字 --- p.5 / Chapter (b) --- 「？田」即「租田」說 --- p.16 / Chapter (c) --- 「？田」即「賈田」說 --- p.26 / Chapter (d) --- 「？田」即「予田」或「舍田」說 --- p.41 / Chapter (e) --- 「？田」即「償田」說 --- p.46 / Chapter (f) --- 「？田」即「除田」說 --- p.47 / Chapter (g) --- 「？」、「？」義近說 --- p.48 / Chapter (2) --- 小結 --- p.50 / 第二章 注釋 --- p.53 / Chapter 第三章 --- 金文中的「舍」字 --- p.78 / Chapter (1) --- 金文中「舍」字及「舍田」的解釋 --- p.78 / Chapter (a) --- 「舍」即「賜予」說 --- p.78 / Chapter (b) --- 「舍田」即「予田」說 --- p.88 / Chapter (2） --- 小結 --- p.94 / 第三章 注釋 --- p.104 / Chapter 第四章 --- 金文中的「？」字 --- p.114 / Chapter (1) --- 《散氏盤》「？」字的解釋 --- p.114 / Chapter (a) --- 「？」即「眉」字說 --- p.114 / Chapter (i) --- 「？」」即「堳埒」的「堳」 --- p.114 / Chapter (ii) --- 「？」即周初微國 --- p.120 / Chapter (b) --- 「？」即「履」字說 --- p.123 / Chapter (2) --- 金文「履田」考 --- p.129 / Chapter (3) --- 小結 --- p.144 / 第四章 注釋 --- p.152 / Chapter 第五章 --- 金文中的「封」字 --- p.167 / Chapter (1) --- 金文中「封」字的解釋 --- p.167 / Chapter (2) --- 「封」、「邦」二字同源考 --- p.172 / Chapter (3) --- 金文中有關封疆劃界的記載 --- p.180 / Chapter (4) --- 小結 --- p.191 / 第五章 注釋 --- p.194 / Chapter 第六章 --- 「？田」、「舍田」、「履田」、「立封」所反映的西 周土地交換情況 --- p.201 / Chapter (1) --- 土地交換並非私下買賣 --- p.201 / Chapter (2) --- 土地交換的原因 --- p.207 / Chapter (3) --- 土地交換的程序 --- p.210 / Chapter (4) --- 小結 --- p.223 / 第六章 注釋 --- p.226 / Chapter 第七章 --- 總結 --- p.236 / 第七章 注釋 --- p.242 / 附錄 --- p.243 / 附錄一 本文引用銘文的拓本及釋文 --- p.243 / 附錄二 《毛公鼎》銘「？」字考釋 --- p.273 / 附錄三 《牆盤》銘「？」字考釋 --- p.276 / 參考書目 --- p.281

Abstract not available

This dissertation reconstructs the settlement of the Middle Jubba Valley of Somalia by ex-slaves, their descendents, and other Somalis from 1850 to the present. It is an historical study of the construction of a social identity of the Jubba Valley agriculturalist population, and of the evolution of land tenure and land use patterns in the mid-valley. In examining the effects on valley farmers of new land tenure laws requiring registration of land, it shows how power dynamics are integral to the working of land tenure systems.

This thesis began as an investigation of the effect of adverse possession upon the land market where the adverse possession extends only to a small portion of the abutting parcel and the subject land is under a title registration scheme. The consequence of such adverse possession on part only of a parcel is that the location of the boundary demarcating the limits of the respective domains of two adjoining land parcels may be displaced. / If part parcel adverse possession effectively transfers ownership of a small portion of an abutting parcel, the boundaries are shifted consequent to long term occupation, and will prevail over the strict technical legal boundary. In a registered title land system the occupational boundary then prevails over the legal boundary as certified in the register notwithstanding that registered title schemes purport to confer conclusiveness upon register entries. Alternatively, the registered proprietor’s estate is not paramount where any part of the proprietor's parcel has been adversely occupied. Consequently the occupier has an interest in the proprietor's land that is not disclosed in the register. Inspection of the register and reliance upon the inspection is insufficient to ascertain the complete legal status of the particular land holding. Inspection with consequent reliance upon the register is the major function of a registered title scheme. Alternatively, if part parcel adverse possession is ineffective to transfer ownership of registered land, the technical legal boundary prevails over the occupational boundary despite the fact that it is not the boundary accepted by the parties involved as governing. / Both alternatives present a problem to the orderly conduct of the land market. Where occupations prevail, the prudent market participant takes precautions besides relying on inspection of the register. Where the legal boundary prevails, the participant seeks confirmation that the occupational and legal boundaries coincide. / Another alternative utilised in some registered title jurisdictions empowers a court to transfer small sections to an adjoining landholder where a building or similar improvement is erected so that it encroaches upon the adjacent holding. This alternative was included within the ambit of the thesis as it developed. / The aim of this research was the formulation of the best solution suitable for a registered land system with particular reference towards a uniform solution suitable for adoption in all Australian jurisdictions. The existing systems utilising adverse possession and statutory encroachment were evaluated against three recent law cases that illustrate the workings of these systems including perceived shortcomings. These lawsuits serve as a test against which the existing systems are compared and evaluated and were also used to evaluate the proposed solution. The results suggest that adverse possession alone should not override the purpose of the register which is to fully disclose the proprietary interests in land parcels. It was concluded that a necessary step in acquiring title to land through adverse possession involves the registration of the interest acquired. Whereas the present modes of dealing with the boundary problem are adequate, it is concluded that the best mode is that of statutory encroachment because it best serves several competing interests. Adopting the proposed solution would involve change and compromise in some of the Australian jurisdictions; these being necessary to adopt a uniform scheme throughout Australia. The proposed solution has added benefits of removing an illogicality from some of the present systems, eliminating encouragement for an off-register land market, and fosters an accurate public land register.

Thesis (M.Env.Dev.) - University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2010. / Full text also available online. Scroll down for electronic link.

Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2010. / Submitted to Centre for Environment, Agriculture and Development. Full text also available online. Scroll down for electronic link.

This thesis summarises research on the implementation of land restitution policy in the old West Bank Location, in East London. Apartheid legislation dispossessed many Black people of their land. After 1994, the new democratic government implemented a land reform programme, land policy was reviewed, and people were compensated for the loss of land either financially or through restoration of their land. The original cut-off date for claims was 1998, but the window for claims was reopened in July 2014 because of difficulties in implementation. The period for the lodging of claims was extended to end June 2019 to allow people who had not yet been able to do so to participate in the process. In case of the old West Bank Location claims, compensation was in the form of land restoration, including houses which would be built for the claimants. This study documents the successes and challenges encountered in the implementation of land policy in the old West Bank Location. Triangulation of methods was used: data were collected from documents, interviews with claimants, interviews with government officials, and observation of meetings. Recommendations with regard to land policy are made on the basis of the research findings.

The relationship between Maori and land is imperative. It forms the basis for developing conceptual blueprints fundamental to producing a data model from a Maori paradigm and integrating that cultural paradigm with western information systems technology. The primary objective of this thesis focuses on blending ancient Maori techniques for managing land information with the advanced tools offered by information systems technology. Like other oral traditions, information about ancestral land and resources were registered in the memories of tribal elders and leaders. Today Maori land information found in the Maori land courts are largely paper-based. By contrast, western civilisations have adapted quickly to computerised systems for managing land information. Unfortunately for Maori, most GIS tend to operate on models influenced by the viewpoint of the dominating culture and their world view. This poses challenges and risks for Maori. This research rejects the idea of adopting technology wholesale, based on western paradigms. Argued from an eclectic theoretical approach incorpating a Maori world view, this study captures the cultural concept of land, develops a conceptual blueprint based on that perspective, and engages that cultural stamp into a western system of managing land information. Thus a blend of the old and the new techniques for managing Maori land information is incorporated, hence ka pu te ruha, ka hao te rangatahi.

Thesis (M. Soc. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1985.