Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 1998. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 168-174). Also available on the Internet.

Project (M.S.)--Brigham Young University. Dept. of Biology, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 29-36).

Thesis (doctoral)--Albert-Ludwigs-Universität zu Freiburg i. B., 1933. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 4).

This dissertation explores wastelands on two levels: an urban planning level and a poetic spatial level. As a real world problem, people move to suburbs (notably in the form of low density housing estates) in search of nature; as they move they destroy nature and contribute to the decay of urban form and fabric of the city. Due to the ensuing urban sprawl and other factors, cities are punctured with wastelands that lie abandoned, neglected and forgotten. On a planning level, this dissertation investigates if wastelands can become the healing tissue that a city needs to reverse urban decay of form and fabric. However, once identified for redevelopment or re-use, the intriguing enigmatic character and richness of wastelands are often ignored and erased in a process akin to gentrification - the sterilisation of wastelands results in ‘non-place’. Thus, on a spatial and experiential level, this dissertation explores the potential of wastelands to become enigmatic landscapes in reaction to the ‘non place’ of modernity. Wastelands in Pretoria are mapped in order to identify potential areas that can be re-imagined to serve a decaying city with open space, yet not be reduced to ‘non-place’ - a site in Salvokop is selected for the study. The design follows a hypothetical process that start with spatial explorations followed by planning considerations; not vice versa. Technical investigations test the validity of the proposed intervention and refine it. A portion of the site is resolved to a detailed sketch plan. / Dissertation (ML(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Architecture / unrestricted

The Berlin Mission Station, Botshabelo, situated nearby the town of Middelburg in Mpumalanga presents a multi-cultural landscape that is emblematic of the complex questions facing heritage sites in South Africa today. Botshabelo mission station is a historically, physically and culturally layered landscape with a shared heritage and an assemblage of narratives. The following dissertation examines the two cultures that influenced the establishment of the mission station, namely the local African cultures and the German missionaries of the 19th Century, and their relationship with the landscape. The embedded layers of meaning and heritage within Botshabelo’s landscape relating to these cultures were translated into a contemporary landscape design with the aim of reviving the neglected historic site. / Mini Dissertation ML(Prof)--University of Pretoria, 2018. / Architecture / ML(Prof) / Unrestricted

Ao tentar retomar ocupações e traçados do passado, o turismo pode retomar, simultaneamente, (in)capacidades e conflitos presentes desde sempre nos lugares. Esta é a tese proposta neste trabalho. Para demonstrá-la, desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa mais abrangente que cuidou de verificar como são construídas as paisagens turísticas em unidades territoriais, núcleos e/ou rotas históricas e os resultados desta construção sobre os territórios. Como objetos de estudo tomou-se dois núcleos históricos situados no antigo Caminho dos Diamantes, uma das três rotas que formavam as chamadas Estradas Reais do Brasil Colônia: os Distritos de Milho Verde e São Gonçalo. Estas localidades, grandes produtoras de diamantes nos séculos XVII e XVIII, sofreram, àquela época, a imposição das forças de dominação da Coroa Portuguesa que as transformaram em um enclave rigidamente controlado. Ao final do período da mineração, as duas localidades apresentavam paisagens marcadamente distintas. As de Milho Verde revelavam um quadro de insustentabilidade ambiental ao passo que as de São Gonçalo revelavam um ambiente urbano paisagisticamente qualificado, cercado por uma natureza preservada. Mantidas abandonadas por mais de um século, em função do esvaziamento econômico a que foi submetido todo o Norte Mineiro, estas localidades foram descobertas pelo turismo que ali se instalou nas décadas finais do século XX. Estas novas forças incidentes foram acrescidas das impostas pelos discursos de um projeto turístico público-privado, o Projeto Estrada Real. Os resultados da pesquisa mostraram que o turismo em Milho Verde retomou o antigo Caminho dos Diamantes como condutor dos novos processos insustentáveis que se estabeleceram sobre a localidade. Ao longo deste trajeto histórico, o turismo vai recuperando as incapacidades e conflitos que marcaram a evolução de suas paisagens e nelas sempre estiveram presentes, produzindo novas paisagens insustentáveis, denominadas no trabalho de paisagens convexas. Em São Gonçalo, o tipo de turismo que ali se estabeleceu retomou o antigo Caminho como atrativo turístico, recuperando as capacidades que historicamente fizeram da localidade um lugar paisagisticamente qualificado, resultando no que se denominou paisagens côncavas. A construção metodológica da pesquisa centrou-se na paisagem como principal categoria de percepção e análise dos fenômenos. As paisagens dos lugares foram lidas e analisadas pelas suas forças construtoras: as verticalidades, forças externas aos lugares; as horizontalidades, forças internas; e as forças de filtro. Estas últimas, uma contribuição do trabalho, são formadas pelas legislações e ordenamentos e podem atuar ou não nas paisagens, dependendo da mobilização das horizontalidades e/ou verticalidades. As evidências encontradas na pesquisa apontam para o fato de que o turismo, ao ajustar-se ao existente, pode fazer aflorar aquilo que ao longo dos tempos foi dando forma e sentido às paisagens dos lugares e que nelas permaneceram presentes. Os resultados indicam que, dependendo do tipo de turismo que se implanta nos lugares, pode haver supressão de direitos, principalmente naqueles onde isto já acontecia no passado, ou o surgimento de novas formas de superação de injustiças, de reestruturação econômica e de resolução de conflitos, quando um turismo mais sustentável incidir em lugares com tradição de participação dos atores locais no trabalho coletivo de construção social. / When retaking occupations and traces of the past, tourism can simultaneously retrieve (in)capacities and conflicts ever-present in the places. In order to demonstrate this thesis, a comprehensive research was conducted, to verify how these tourist landscapes are constructed in territorial units, centers and/or historical routes, as well as the results of this construction upon the territories. The objects of study were two historical centers situated in the old Caminho dos Diamantes (Diamond Path), the districts of Milho Verde and São Gonçalo. The Caminho dos Diamantes is one of three routes that formed the Estrada Real (Royal Road) in the Colonial period. These localities, great producers of diamonds in the XVIIth and XVIIIth centuries, experienced, at that time, a severe domination by the Portuguese Crown, transforming them into a strictly controlled enclave. By the end of the mining period, both localities presented markedly distinct landscapes. Those of Milho Verde displayed a picture of environmental unsustainability, whereas those of São Gonçalo revealed an urban environment with qualified landscape, surrounded by a well-preserved nature. These localities, forsaken for over a century as a result of the economic exhaustion forced upon the North of Minas Gerais, were rediscovered by tourism in the last decades of the XXth Century. To these new influencing forces, others imposed by the discourses of a public-private tourist project were added: the Estrada Real Project. The results of the research show that tourism in Milho Verde regained the old Diamond Path as a conductor of new unsustainable processes that had been established there. Along this historical path, tourism went on retrieving the incapacities and conflicts that have marked the evolution of its landscapes and were always present, producing new unsustainable landscapes, here termed convex landscapes. In São Gonçalo, the type of tourism established regained the old Path as a tourist attraction, restoring the potentialities that historically made the locality a place of qualified landscape, resulting in what is termed here concave landscapes. The methodological framework of this research has been centered on the landscape as the main category of perception and analysis of the phenomena. The landscapes of the places were read and analyzed in terms of their building forces: verticalities - forces external to the places; horizontalities - forces internal to the places; and filtering forces. The latter, a contribution of this work, are formed by laws and regulations that may or may not act upon the landscapes, depending on the mobilization of the horizontalities and/or verticalities. The evidence found points to the fact that tourism, in adjusting to the existing context, has the power to make emerge those aspects that have given shape and direction to the landscapes and have remained present. Results indicate that depending on the kind of tourism established in the places, there may be suppression of rights, especially on those where this already happened, or there may be the emergence of new forms of overcoming injustices, economic restructuration and conflict solving, when a more sustainable tourism acts upon places where more participant actors work collectively in social construction.

Ao tentar retomar ocupações e traçados do passado, o turismo pode retomar, simultaneamente, (in)capacidades e conflitos presentes desde sempre nos lugares. Esta é a tese proposta neste trabalho. Para demonstrá-la, desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa mais abrangente que cuidou de verificar como são construídas as paisagens turísticas em unidades territoriais, núcleos e/ou rotas históricas e os resultados desta construção sobre os territórios. Como objetos de estudo tomou-se dois núcleos históricos situados no antigo Caminho dos Diamantes, uma das três rotas que formavam as chamadas Estradas Reais do Brasil Colônia: os Distritos de Milho Verde e São Gonçalo. Estas localidades, grandes produtoras de diamantes nos séculos XVII e XVIII, sofreram, àquela época, a imposição das forças de dominação da Coroa Portuguesa que as transformaram em um enclave rigidamente controlado. Ao final do período da mineração, as duas localidades apresentavam paisagens marcadamente distintas. As de Milho Verde revelavam um quadro de insustentabilidade ambiental ao passo que as de São Gonçalo revelavam um ambiente urbano paisagisticamente qualificado, cercado por uma natureza preservada. Mantidas abandonadas por mais de um século, em função do esvaziamento econômico a que foi submetido todo o Norte Mineiro, estas localidades foram descobertas pelo turismo que ali se instalou nas décadas finais do século XX. Estas novas forças incidentes foram acrescidas das impostas pelos discursos de um projeto turístico público-privado, o Projeto Estrada Real. Os resultados da pesquisa mostraram que o turismo em Milho Verde retomou o antigo Caminho dos Diamantes como condutor dos novos processos insustentáveis que se estabeleceram sobre a localidade. Ao longo deste trajeto histórico, o turismo vai recuperando as incapacidades e conflitos que marcaram a evolução de suas paisagens e nelas sempre estiveram presentes, produzindo novas paisagens insustentáveis, denominadas no trabalho de paisagens convexas. Em São Gonçalo, o tipo de turismo que ali se estabeleceu retomou o antigo Caminho como atrativo turístico, recuperando as capacidades que historicamente fizeram da localidade um lugar paisagisticamente qualificado, resultando no que se denominou paisagens côncavas. A construção metodológica da pesquisa centrou-se na paisagem como principal categoria de percepção e análise dos fenômenos. As paisagens dos lugares foram lidas e analisadas pelas suas forças construtoras: as verticalidades, forças externas aos lugares; as horizontalidades, forças internas; e as forças de filtro. Estas últimas, uma contribuição do trabalho, são formadas pelas legislações e ordenamentos e podem atuar ou não nas paisagens, dependendo da mobilização das horizontalidades e/ou verticalidades. As evidências encontradas na pesquisa apontam para o fato de que o turismo, ao ajustar-se ao existente, pode fazer aflorar aquilo que ao longo dos tempos foi dando forma e sentido às paisagens dos lugares e que nelas permaneceram presentes. Os resultados indicam que, dependendo do tipo de turismo que se implanta nos lugares, pode haver supressão de direitos, principalmente naqueles onde isto já acontecia no passado, ou o surgimento de novas formas de superação de injustiças, de reestruturação econômica e de resolução de conflitos, quando um turismo mais sustentável incidir em lugares com tradição de participação dos atores locais no trabalho coletivo de construção social. / When retaking occupations and traces of the past, tourism can simultaneously retrieve (in)capacities and conflicts ever-present in the places. In order to demonstrate this thesis, a comprehensive research was conducted, to verify how these tourist landscapes are constructed in territorial units, centers and/or historical routes, as well as the results of this construction upon the territories. The objects of study were two historical centers situated in the old Caminho dos Diamantes (Diamond Path), the districts of Milho Verde and São Gonçalo. The Caminho dos Diamantes is one of three routes that formed the Estrada Real (Royal Road) in the Colonial period. These localities, great producers of diamonds in the XVIIth and XVIIIth centuries, experienced, at that time, a severe domination by the Portuguese Crown, transforming them into a strictly controlled enclave. By the end of the mining period, both localities presented markedly distinct landscapes. Those of Milho Verde displayed a picture of environmental unsustainability, whereas those of São Gonçalo revealed an urban environment with qualified landscape, surrounded by a well-preserved nature. These localities, forsaken for over a century as a result of the economic exhaustion forced upon the North of Minas Gerais, were rediscovered by tourism in the last decades of the XXth Century. To these new influencing forces, others imposed by the discourses of a public-private tourist project were added: the Estrada Real Project. The results of the research show that tourism in Milho Verde regained the old Diamond Path as a conductor of new unsustainable processes that had been established there. Along this historical path, tourism went on retrieving the incapacities and conflicts that have marked the evolution of its landscapes and were always present, producing new unsustainable landscapes, here termed convex landscapes. In São Gonçalo, the type of tourism established regained the old Path as a tourist attraction, restoring the potentialities that historically made the locality a place of qualified landscape, resulting in what is termed here concave landscapes. The methodological framework of this research has been centered on the landscape as the main category of perception and analysis of the phenomena. The landscapes of the places were read and analyzed in terms of their building forces: verticalities - forces external to the places; horizontalities - forces internal to the places; and filtering forces. The latter, a contribution of this work, are formed by laws and regulations that may or may not act upon the landscapes, depending on the mobilization of the horizontalities and/or verticalities. The evidence found points to the fact that tourism, in adjusting to the existing context, has the power to make emerge those aspects that have given shape and direction to the landscapes and have remained present. Results indicate that depending on the kind of tourism established in the places, there may be suppression of rights, especially on those where this already happened, or there may be the emergence of new forms of overcoming injustices, economic restructuration and conflict solving, when a more sustainable tourism acts upon places where more participant actors work collectively in social construction.

Master of Landscape Architecture / Department of Landscape Architecture/Regional and Community Planning / Timothy D. Keane / Naturalistic landscapes have increased in popularity, especially in the landscape architecture profession, due to the push for greener and more sustainable landscape designs in civic spaces. The increase in popularity and resulting use of naturalistic landscapes by landscape architects creates a need to understand users’ preferences for naturalistic landscapes. Users need to have moderate to high preference levels for the naturalistic landscape spaces in order for such spaces to be successful. This work identifies and explains civic spaces, characteristics of traditional landscape designs, characteristics and history of naturalistic landscapes, and characteristics and details of previous preference studies that focused on people’s preferences for natural areas. This study also identifies current preference levels and background characteristics of respondents, which are used to determine who does and does not prefer naturalistic landscapes in civic spaces and why. A survey questionnaire targeted toward users of naturalistic landscapes identified opinions, preferences, and statistical data relevant to this study. A total of sixty-one surveys were completed and collected from two separate survey sites. Survey results were used to determine: 1. Preference levels of the respondents. 2. Background characteristics and values of the respondents. 3. Correlations and patterns between respondents’ preference levels and their background characteristics. 4. Correlations and patterns between respondents’ preference levels and their values and opinions. 5. Differences between the results from the two survey sites. Survey results and analyses indicate that perceived safety is a major factor that influences preference levels. Background characteristics such as the level of formal education and the participation in classes and seminars that focus on topics relevant to naturalistic landscapes are also significant indicators of preference levels. Another of the indicators is the participation in outdoor activities of all sorts. Along with determining the indicators of preference levels, the survey results were used in the comparison of the results from the two survey locations.

Call number: LD2668 .T4 1978 S72 / Master of Landscape Architecture

Master of Landscape Architecture / Department of Landscape Architecture/Regional and Community Planning / Stephanie A. Rolley / People living in urban and suburban areas are disconnected from agriculture. The food that we consume is grown many miles from our homes and we have little knowledge of how that food travels from seed to plate. Incorporating edible landscapes into public land in cities brings people in direct contact with the food they eat. Edible landscapes are neighborhood scale sites with the specific purpose of producing food. Edible landscapes became popular in the late 1970s. Typically developed with a focus on food production and little attention to aesthetics, the general public often thinks of these landscapes as messy and farm-like. Through quality design edible landscapes can be productive and aesthetically pleasing. The combination of these ideals create exciting and unique solutions that differ from the edible landscapes of the past. Attention to site and community design principles as well as growing conditions results in a new type of public landscape that can enhance a community’s appearance while feeding its residents. A typology of edible landscapes was applied to Manhattan, Kansas to test the potential for a community-wide system of edible landscapes. The typology is based on: garden purpose, physical characteristics, visual characteristics, and potential user groups. The inventory of public land is based upon the Diggable City project in Portland, Oregon. Potential sites were evaluated on their physical characteristics, visual profile, and design potential to determine what garden type would be most appropriate. Further analysis of each site’s design potential resulted in the selection of three sites for prototypical design development. The prototypical designs provide examples of how design principles and growing conditions can work together to create new edible landscapes and enrich the community.