This thesis addresses the borrowing and adaptation of the English discourse marker (DM) anyway into the speech of the Czech-speaking diaspora in Texas, known widely as Texas Czechs (TC). The primary goal of the thesis is to assess which subtypes of 'anyway', according to the schema of Ferrara (1997), are borrowed into TC, and to what extent. Chapter one addresses the sociolinguistic history of the TC community. The historical origins of the people and cultural background are provided. Late in the chapter, I provide a discussion of previous scholarship in the field of TC linguistics over the last half-century. Chapter two addresses the theories of borrowing and code-switching in language. The two are disambiguated, and a basic set of conditions which define the two are proposed. From this, I address Serra's (1998) theory of a mixed-code system, which relies on the knowledge of two separate codes for understanding, but also utilizes borrowings. The works of Fuller (2001) and Weilbacher (2007) in Pennsylvania and Texas German communities are addressed, as is Johnson's (1995) work on Tejano. The chapter concludes with a brief description of DMs. Chapter three describes the subtypes and features of 'anyway' in English according to Ferrara's (1997) schema, as well as surveys a number of possible counterparts for 'anyway' in standard European Czech. Chapter four analyzes borrowed 'anyway' in TC speech as a Ferraran subtype. I disambiguate the uses of various types of anyway, proposing that only anyway, Ferrara's only true DM, is borrowed in TC. I demonstrate that possible functions of native TC DMs similar to 'anyway' function inherently differently than those of Ferrara. I show that 'anyway' is borrowed into TC to fulfill a pragmatic gap in the form of 'anyway', whereas the two adverbial subtypes are not borrowed. In older data, these two were borrowed, but no examples exist in modern speech. I propose that this is indicative of the TC's existence as a mixed-code system, in that knowledge of both English and TC are required to properly choose the appropriate DM and to understand borrowed DMs from the other code. / text

The diploma thesis deals with English loanwords that were integrated into French during the past 5 years and became a part of metalinguistic corpus. There are two aims, on one hand, we will analyze English loanwords that entered general language dictionary in the past 5 years. On the other hand, using sociolinguistic research, we will try to find how native speakers perceive given loanwords. The text is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part characterizes loanwords, describes individual types of loanwords, and discusses their general characteristics and codification. The practical part is dedicated to classification of loanwords codified in the given metalinguistic corpus and deals with their perception by native speakers. Key words: anglicisms, English loanwords, French, language borrowing, codification, metalinguistic corpus

The diploma thesis deals with English loanwords that were integrated into French during the past 5 years and became a part of metalinguistic corpus. There are two aims, on one hand, we will analyze English loanwords that entered general language dictionary in the past 5 years. On the other hand, using sociolinguistic research, we will try to find how native speakers perceive given loanwords. The text is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part characterizes loanwords, describes individual types of loanwords, and discusses their general characteristics and codification. The practical part is dedicated to classification of loanwords codified in the given metalinguistic corpus and deals with their perception by native speakers. Key words: anglicisms, English loanwords, French, language borrowing, codification, metalinguistic corpus

Данная работа посвящена особенностям адаптации англоязычных заимствований общественно-политического дискурса в русском и испанском языках. Теоретическая часть исследования включает в себя определение терминологической базы и особенностей перевода общественно-политических текстов; выявление функций англоязычных заимствований в общественно-политическом дискурсе и формулировку основных способов адаптации англоязычных заимствований общественно-политического дискурса к нормам принимающего языка. В методологической части исследования представлен анализ существующих публикаций и научно-исследовательских работ, посвященных англоязычным заимствованиям, а также определены методы и методологические принципы настоящего исследования. Практическая часть посвящена отбору и интерпретации материала исследования, анализу способов и моделей адаптации англоязычных заимствований общественно-политического дискурса в русском и испанском языках на сформированном материале исследования, а также сравнительному анализу выявленных способов и моделей. В Заключении представлены основные выводы данной исследовательской работы. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы для анализа англоязычных заимствований в других языках-реципиентах и для анализа заимствований из других языков, а также для адаптации новой лексики, заимствованной из английского языка, к нормам русского и испанского языков. / This study is dedicated to English-language borrowings of socio-political discourse in Russian and Spanish and features of their adaptation to the receiving languages. The theoretical part of the study includes the definition of the study terminology and the description of the translation of socio-political texts and its main features; the identification of the functions of English-language borrowings in socio-political discourse and the elaboration on the main ways of English-language borrowing adaptation to the norms of the receiving languages. The methodological part of the study represents an analysis of the existing scientific publications and research papers on English-language borrowings, as well as the methods and methodological principles of the current study. The practical part is devoted to the selection and interpretation of the study material, the analysis of methods and models of English-language borrowing adaptation to the norms of Russian and Spanish languages based on the study material, as well as a comparative analysis of the identified methods and models of English-language borrowing adaptation. The main takeaways of this study are presented in the conclusion. The results of this study can be used to analyze English-language borrowings in other recipient languages and to analyze borrowings from other languages, as well as to adapt new vocabulary borrowed from English to the norms of Russian and Spanish languages.