La presente tesis constituye una investigación para optar el título profesional de Ingeniero Geógrafo en la mención de Ambiente y recursos naturales en la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. El “Estudio de Impacto Ambiental” constituye un requisito exigible en nuestro país para las actividades de desarrollo y está normado en diferentes sectores como el minero energético, industrial, pesquero, vivienda y construcción, y transporte, entre otros. Este tipo de estudio es un estudio multidisciplinario, que en la práctica debe ser realizado por especialistas de diversas ramas, como biólogos, meteorólogos, ingenieros geógrafos, ambientales, sociólogos, arqueólogos, etc. En primer lugar un estudio de impacto ambiental, debe enmarcarse en la normatividad ambiental peruana y luego debe establecerse la línea base del área donde se ubicará el proyecto. Posteriormente, debe describirse la actividad propuesta para luego con este conocimiento y el de las condiciones de línea base, establecerse con el uso de metodologías adecuadas, los impactos previsibles de la actividad propuesta. Finalmente, deben definirse las medidas de mitigación y un plan de manejo ambiental que establezca a través de monitoreos si las medidas de mitigación surten efecto una vez iniciadas las operaciones. El plan de manejo ambiental debe garantizar que la actividad sea amigable al ambiente. Esta tesis presenta como estudio – caso: un análisis de los principales impactos a la calidad del aire ocasionados por actividad agroindustrial en su conjunto (campo y planta), mediante el levantamiento de información en campo así como la ejecución de monitoreos comparativos. Se realizó la toma de muestras en dos estaciones ubicadas según la dirección predominante del viento (una a barlovento y la otra a sotavento), asimismo se debe indicar que la ubicación antes mencionada estuvo sujeta a condiciones de seguridad, suministro de energía y accesibilidad.

No description available.

Texte remanié de: Th. 3e cycle,--Ét. mexicaines--Perpignan, 1983. / Bibliogr. p. 229-239 . Index.

"Where the power of the wall is to deny, the power of the door is to permit, and allow entry. 1" Borders are represented on maps as thick, predetermined lines that delineate, separate, and segregate one area from another. A whole is divided into two or more parts. Borders become boundaries and, in reality, are abstract and intangible, often responsible for creating both geographic and political havoc. In between a border are thresholds that signal a transition between layers, spaces, times, and countries. This project engages within this Liminal space, an in-between of the threshold. Prompted by humanitarian and political crises, thousands of people are fleeing their homes in search of safety and protection from danger, including persecution for protected reasons such as race, religion, nationality, or political opinion. Many, like unaccompanied minors, travel dangerous paths to seek asylum at one of these borders, which promise safety and security from the violent conditions in their countries. In the USA and elsewhere, seeking asylum is a human right. Simultaneously, thousands of people whose claims for asylum are unsuccessful are detained, deported, or repatriated. In 1873, Sebastian Lerdo de Tejada, the 27th President of Mexico (1872 to 1876) declared, "Let there be a desert between strength and weakness." The United States of America and the United Mexican States share a historically-contested 1,954-mile border. Any wall separating two countries belongs to both countries. This thesis considers borders as more than places that close or delimit one place from another, but also as opportunities to expand into living and organic spaces. Borders both delimit and negotiate between two sides of neither a single state nor a single place but as thresholds which hundreds of thousands of separate lives navigate every single day along the border regions. This thesis explores how architecture focused on empowering at-risk asylum seekers can shape the border space. In particular, the chosen design proposes a Halfway House on the threshold space between the twin-sister borderplex of Laredo, Texas, United States of America, and Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas, Mexico. / Master of Architecture / Borders are represented on maps as thick, predetermined lines that delineate, separate and segregate one area from another. A whole divided into two or more parts. Borders become boundaries and in reality, are abstract and intangible, often responsible for creating both geographic and political havoc. In between these borders, is where we find liminal space. Prompted by humanitarian and political crises, thousands of people are fleeing their homes in search of safety and protection from danger, including persecution of race, religion, nationality, or political opinion. Many people, including unaccompanied minors, travel dangerous paths to seek asylum at one of these borders, which promise safety and security from the violent conditions in their countries. In the USA and elsewhere, seeking asylum is a human right. Simultaneously, thousands of people whose claims for asylum are unsuccessful are detained, deported, or repatriated. This thesis considers borders as more than places that close or delimit one place from another, but also as opportunities to expand into living and organic spaces. Borders both delimit and negotiate between two sides of neither a single state, nor a single place but as thresholds which hundreds of thousands of separate lives navigate every single day along the border regions. This thesis explores how architecture focused on empowering at-risk asylum seekers can shape the border space. In particular, the chosen design proposes a halfway house between Laredo, Texas, and Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas.

This qualitative study investigated Spanish language use and linguistic attitudes in Laredo, Texas and the surrounding area from 1860 to 1930. In the public domain, sources include the Spanish and English language newspapers and Webb County Court documents. These were analyzed for evidence of the impact of English language contact and prevailing attitudes towards the use of Spanish from both the Hispanic and Anglo perspective. In the private domain, three major collections of private correspondence as well as other miscellaneous correspondence and records were transcribed and analyzed for evidence of metalinguistic or other attitudes towards Spanish. A linguistic analysis of the orthographic, phonological, morphosyntactic, and pragmatic features of Spanish used in the correspondence was also conducted. The major collections of correspondence and other private papers include: 1) the John Z. Leyendecker collection, 2) letters from the Clemente and Federico Idar Family Papers, and 3) the Miguel San Miguel Jr. private collection. The multiple authors in these collections come from low to middle income families and from varied educational and linguistic backgrounds, thus providing a broad socio-economic linguistic sample. Findings include a strong support for Spanish language use and teaching/learning of the Spanish language as well as varied levels of language confidence among bilingual and aspiring second language learners. Negative attitudes regarding class and lack of education rather than ethnicity were clearly held by some writers. Additionally, mixed attitudes about the strong presence of the Mexican culture in Laredo were found. The linguistic analysis found little evidence of English impact during the 1860s, but growing evidence of its influence during the early 20th century. Most prevalent were the use of English loan words, nativized loan words, and nonce borrowings. Some evidence of language shift was noted in the younger writers of the twentieth century. A few of the more salient Spanish linguistic features found include the use of the synthetic future verb form, minimal confusion between ser and estar, metathesis, apocope, vowel raising and lowering, and archaic expressions.

Thesis (M.F.A.)--University of North Texas, August, 2008. / Title from title page display. Includes bibliographical references.

Twinmates is an inside look at the unique and unusual appeal of border politics in Laredo, Texas through the point of view of identical twin brothers-- A. Jaime Mendoza and B. Javier Mendoza. The documentary chronicles the Mendoza twins for a period of six years as they switch political parties, in order to get elected (Republicans turn Democrats), and use that political exposure to expand their janitorial company to the metropolitan cities of Dallas and Austin. In addition to the Mendoza twins' business and politics, the documentary also captures entertaining interactions with family and friends.

En el Año 2009, la vía que une los distritos de Laredo y El Porvenir no contaba con alumbrado público; es así que la Municipalidad Distrital de Laredo y en coordinación con la Empresa Hidrandina poner en marcha el Proyecto denominado: “Alumbrado Público Vía enlace Distritos de Laredo y El Porvenir”; en la etapa de ejecución, se realiza cálculos de los parámetros de iluminación con los componentes físicos de diseño planteados en el diseño del estudio definitivo, los mismos que no eran óptimos y si bien cumplían con la Norma Técnica DGE “Alumbrado de Vías Públicas en Zonas de Concesión de Distribución”, sus valores se encontraban cerca al rango mínimo, no garantizando su cumplimento en la toda etapa de funcionamiento. Esta investigación tiene como propósito mejorar los parámetros de iluminación y garantizar la calidad de alumbrado público a la vía, acorde con lo establecido en la Norma, con la puesta en operación del Proyecto en mención. La metodología para el estudio necesito emplear la estrategia experimental, a través de la manipulación variables independientes tales la longitud de los vanos, los equipos y accesorios de iluminación considerados en el diseño del Proyecto; con la finalidad de poder contrastar los efectos sobre las variables dependientes como son los parámetros de iluminación. Para ello se usó como herramienta de cálculo el software Calculux. El análisis se hizo mediante ensayos, modificando las dimensiones del diseño constructivo del pastoral, tales como el alcance horizontal y el ángulo de inclinación y calculando los parámetros de iluminación para cada caso. Con los ensayos realizados se pudo verificar la variación de los parámetros de iluminación respecto a las modificaciones del dimensionamiento del pastoral. Así mismo mediante una evaluación adecuada se pudo optimizar las dimensiones del diseño constructivo del pastoral planteado inicialmente en el Proyecto, permitiendo establecer un nuevo diseño con la dimensión más óptima, la misma que fue considerada para ejecución de la obra. Concluida la ejecución de la obra se realizaron pruebas de campo, tales como luminancia media, iluminancia media y uniformidad media de Iluminancia, cuyos valores eran próximos a los calculados teóricamente con el nuevo diseño, los mismos que se encontraban dentro de los rangos permitidos establecidos en la Norma

"In an attempt to determine the effectiveness of the political leadership provided by members of an ethnic group, this thesis investigates the Mexican-American electorate in San Antonio and Laredo, Texas. Three variables were studied: the leaders, the followers, and the circumstances under which both operate...Data for this investigation were gathered through personal interviews and from voting records complied by the county clerks of Bexar and Webb Counties. "--leaf 1.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among different levels of acculturation on the childbearing beliefs and practices of pregnant Mexican American adolescents living in Southwest border regions. A descriptive correlational design was used in this study. Three instruments were used to collect data. A total of 73 pregnant Mexican American adolescents participated in the study. The Laredo sample and the Tucson sample were identified as true bicultural samples. The El Paso group was identified as a Mexican-oriented bicultural sample. All geographical areas had an equal acceptance of traditional Mexican medicine and biomedical beliefs. Laredo and Tucson adolesents' beliefs in the traditional Mexican childbearing culture was directly related to their acculturation level. For the El Paso group, there was a low negative correlation which indicated that being more or less acculturated did not necessarily affect the adolescents' beliefs in the traditional Mexican childbearing culture.