Sammanfattning Sedan lång tid tillbaka har den svenska kollektivavtalsmodellen varit utgångspunkt för reglering av löner och andra allmänna anställningsvillkor på vår arbetsmarknad. Arbetsmarknadens parter, dvs. fackföreningar och arbetsgivare har genom träffande av kollektivavtal kommit överens om vilka villkor som ska tillämpas. Hösten 2004 inträffade dock en händelse vars följder har inneburit ett ifrågasättande av avtalsmodellens förenlighet med EU:s nationalitetsdiskrimineringsförbud och de EG-rättsliga bestämmelserna om fri tjänsterörlighet. De svenska fackförbunden Byggnads och Elektrikerförbundet vidtog stridsåtgärder mot ett lettiskt byggbolag, Laval un Partneri Ltd, som med utstationerade lettiska arbetare utförde en ombyggnation av en skola i Vaxholm. Stridsåtgärderna syftade till att förmå det lettiska bolaget att teckna svenskt kollektivavtal. Tvisten mellan parterna kom dock att handla om så mycket mer än ett skolbygge. Till syvende och sist gällde frågan om den fria tjänsterörligheten inom EU ska överordnas strejkrätten, en grundläggande mänsklig fri- och rättighet. EG-domstolen meddelade i december 2007 domslutet i Vaxholmstvisten, det s.k. Laval-målet. Domen innebar ett underkännande av de vidtagna stridsåtgärderna, och lex Britannia, den bestämmelse i MBL som givit fackföreningarna rätt att vidta stridsåtgärder för att tilltvinga sig svenskt kollektivavtal, bedömdes som diskriminerande. Domslutet innebär att den svenska arbetsrätten nu måste anpassas till EG-rättens bestämmelser om fri rörlighet för tjänster på den inre marknaden. Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka tänkbara förändringar av svensk arbetsrätt, som en anpassning till EG-rätten. De bestämmelser som kan komma att revideras är 42 § MBL, Britanniaprincipen och lex Britannia, samt utstationeringslagen. Andra lösningar är tänkbara, t.ex. införandet av en proportionalitetsprincip eller krav på undantag i det nya Lissabonfördraget för kollektivavtal och strejkrätt. / Abstract The national authorities in Sweden have entrusted management and labour with the task of setting, by way of collective negotiations, the wage rates and other terms and conditions of employment. The parties on the labour market, i.e. trade unions and employers have reached collective agreements, which prescribe the current terms and conditions. The autumn of 2004 something happened that has lead to questions about the role of the social partners and collective agreements, and whether the existing Swedish practice is compatible with rules of the EC Treaty on the freedom to provide services and the prohibition of discrimination on grounds of nationality. Byggnads and Elektrikerförbundet (Swedish trade unions) toke collective actions with the aim of having a Latvian company, Laval un Partneri Ltd, to sign a Swedish collective agreement. The company posted Latvian workers to Sweden for the construction of a school in Vaxholm. However, the dispute between the contending parties was about more than the construciton of a school. Finally the question concerned whether the freedom to provide services should be in a superior position, prior the fundamental right to strike. In December 2007 the Court of Justice delivered the judgement in the Vaxholm dispute (or case C-341/05 Laval). The Court judged that the rules of the EC Treaty precluded Byggnads from taking collective actions. The collective actions were with other words not allowed. Lex Britannia, the rule that gives Swedish trade unions the right to take collective actions to force foreign providers of services to sign a Swedish collective agreement, was found to give rise to discrimination. This means that the Swedish labour law is not compatible with the rules of the EC Treaty on the freedom to provide services. For that reason the Swedish labour law now has to amend. The purpose of this essay is to investigate conceivable changes of the labour law in Sweden, as an adjustment to the rules of the EC Treaty. 42 § MBL, which includes lex Britannia, and the Law on the posting of workers are some national regulations that can be amended. Several others changes could be done, e.g. introduction of a principle of proportionality in the Swedish labour law, or a demand from the Swedish government for an exception of collective agreements and collective actions in the Treaty of Lisbon.

<p>Sammanfattning</p><p>Sedan lång tid tillbaka har den svenska kollektivavtalsmodellen varit utgångspunkt för reglering av löner och andra allmänna anställningsvillkor på vår arbetsmarknad. Arbetsmarknadens parter, dvs. fackföreningar och arbetsgivare har genom träffande av kollektivavtal kommit överens om vilka villkor som ska tillämpas. Hösten 2004 inträffade dock en händelse vars följder har inneburit ett ifrågasättande av avtalsmodellens förenlighet med EU:s nationalitetsdiskrimineringsförbud och de EG-rättsliga bestämmelserna om fri tjänsterörlighet.</p><p>De svenska fackförbunden Byggnads och Elektrikerförbundet vidtog stridsåtgärder mot ett lettiskt byggbolag, Laval un Partneri Ltd, som med utstationerade lettiska arbetare utförde en ombyggnation av en skola i Vaxholm. Stridsåtgärderna syftade till att förmå det lettiska bolaget att teckna svenskt kollektivavtal. Tvisten mellan parterna kom dock att handla om så mycket mer än ett skolbygge. Till syvende och sist gällde frågan om den fria tjänsterörligheten inom EU ska överordnas strejkrätten, en grundläggande mänsklig fri- och rättighet.</p><p>EG-domstolen meddelade i december 2007 domslutet i Vaxholmstvisten, det s.k. Laval-målet. Domen innebar ett underkännande av de vidtagna stridsåtgärderna, och lex Britannia, den bestämmelse i MBL som givit fackföreningarna rätt att vidta stridsåtgärder för att tilltvinga sig svenskt kollektivavtal, bedömdes som diskriminerande. Domslutet innebär att den svenska arbetsrätten nu måste anpassas till EG-rättens bestämmelser om fri rörlighet för tjänster på den inre marknaden.</p><p>Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka tänkbara förändringar av svensk arbetsrätt, som en anpassning till EG-rätten. De bestämmelser som kan komma att revideras är 42 § MBL,</p><p>Britanniaprincipen och lex Britannia, samt utstationeringslagen. Andra lösningar är tänkbara, t.ex. införandet av en proportionalitetsprincip eller krav på undantag i det nya Lissabonfördraget för kollektivavtal och strejkrätt.</p> / <p>Abstract</p><p>The national authorities in Sweden have entrusted management and labour with the task of setting, by way of collective negotiations, the wage rates and other terms and conditions of employment. The parties on the labour market, i.e. trade unions and employers have reached collective agreements, which prescribe the current terms and conditions. The autumn of 2004 something happened that has lead to questions about the role of the social partners and collective agreements, and whether the existing Swedish practice is compatible with rules of the EC Treaty on the freedom to provide services and the prohibition of discrimination on grounds of nationality.</p><p>Byggnads and Elektrikerförbundet (Swedish trade unions) toke collective actions with the aim of having a Latvian company, Laval un Partneri Ltd, to sign a Swedish collective agreement. The company posted Latvian workers to Sweden for the construction of a school in Vaxholm.</p><p>However, the dispute between the contending parties was about more than the construciton of a school. Finally the question concerned whether the freedom to provide services should be in a superior position, prior the fundamental right to strike.</p><p>In December 2007 the Court of Justice delivered the judgement in the Vaxholm dispute (or case C-341/05 Laval). The Court judged that the rules of the EC Treaty precluded Byggnads from taking collective actions. The collective actions were with other words not allowed. Lex Britannia, the rule that gives Swedish trade unions the right to take collective actions to force foreign providers of services to sign a Swedish collective agreement, was found to give rise to discrimination. This means that the Swedish labour law is not compatible with the rules of the EC Treaty on the freedom to provide services. For that reason the Swedish labour law now has to amend.</p><p>The purpose of this essay is to investigate conceivable changes of the labour law in Sweden, as an adjustment to the rules of the EC Treaty. 42 § MBL, which includes lex Britannia, and the Law on the posting of workers are some national regulations that can be amended. Several others changes could be done, e.g. introduction of a principle of proportionality in the Swedish labour law, or a demand from the Swedish government for an exception of collective agreements and collective actions in the Treaty of Lisbon.</p>

After the last European Union expansion the east European countries became members of the European Union. This meant that they would become apart of the Schengen agreement and that they would be able to travel, live and work anywhere in Europe. This came as a shock to the Scandinavian trade unions that were worried that work migration would escalate, and that it would lead to social dumping, which would make the working conditions worse for the native workers. . The Swedish labour market is build up by the principal of negotiations. The evolution of the labour laws comes from the rules and regulations of collective agreements. The Lex Britannia principal was made to regulate the working conditions for guest workers in Sweden, by making it possible for trade unions to take industrial action against foreign companies to make them sign a Swedish collective agreement. Even though Swedish labour law includes an obligation to maintain industrial peace it is not valid for foreign companies. In the Laval- case the European court of justice judge that the Lex Britannia principles is not consistent with EC- law and that the Swedish labour law violate the principles of free movement and the posting of workers directive. By comparing the Swedish labour laws and regulations on collective agreements, laws and regulations on remuneration to the Latvian labour laws and regulations on collective agreements and laws and regulations on remuneration, the study have shown that the countries have a lot in common at the same time they differ quite allot. The similarities may in many cases be an effect of the common EC- laws and regulations. The conclusion came to be that do to its history of forming and develop the rules and regulations of the Swedish labour market the Swedish trade unions have a strong position in the Swedish labour market. The Swedish labour market may therefore show tendencies of protectionism at the same time that the young labour market, the young labour laws and weak trade unions of Latvia shows tendencies of social dumping.

<p>After the last European Union expansion the east European countries became members of the European Union. This meant that they would become apart of the Schengen agreement and that they would be able to travel, live and work anywhere in Europe. This came as a shock to</p><p>the Scandinavian trade unions that were worried that work migration would escalate, and that it would lead to social dumping, which would make the working conditions worse for the native workers. .</p><p>The Swedish labour market is build up by the principal of negotiations. The evolution of the labour laws comes from the rules and regulations of collective agreements.</p><p>The Lex Britannia principal was made to regulate the working conditions for guest workers in Sweden, by making it possible for trade unions to take industrial action against foreign companies to make them sign a Swedish collective agreement.</p><p>Even though Swedish labour law includes an obligation to maintain industrial peace it is not valid for foreign companies. In the Laval- case the European court of justice judge that the Lex Britannia principles is not consistent with EC- law and that the Swedish labour law violate the principles of free movement and the posting of workers directive.</p><p>By comparing the Swedish labour laws and regulations on collective agreements, laws and regulations on remuneration to the Latvian labour laws and regulations on collective agreements and laws and regulations on remuneration, the study have shown that the countries have a lot in common at the same time they differ quite allot. The similarities may in many cases be an effect of the common EC- laws and regulations.</p><p>The conclusion came to be that do to its history of forming and develop the rules and regulations of the Swedish labour market the Swedish trade unions have a strong position in the Swedish labour market. The Swedish labour market may therefore show</p><p>tendencies of protectionism at the same time that the young labour market, the young labour laws and weak trade unions of Latvia shows tendencies of social dumping.</p>