Thesis (Ph. D.)--Yale University, 1980. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 325-339).

Thesis (M.A.)--Guo li zheng zhi da xue. / Bibliography: p. 259-287.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 160-167).

L? ritual (禮) is one of the most distinctive features of Confucianism (r? ji?, 儒家), but interpreters have yet to agree on the extent of its functions and whether the Confucians provide any justification of its use. Contemporary attempts to derive such justification have typically relied upon explaining l?'s relationship with r?n humaneness (仁), another core concept for Confucianism that is frequently given great prominence in Confucian ethics. Drawing upon such approaches, I propose that at least one aspect of l?'s function is best understood as being bound-up with that of r?n and that this function arguably justifies Confucian appeals to l? as a guide to conduct. My approach is distinct from previous interpretations, however, in that I argue that l? serves metaphorically as the language by which attitudes conducive to r?n are managed and expressed, and that the successful application of l?, including its use in symbolizing ethically significant normative statuses, contributes to the Confucian ideal of harmony (h?, 和) on both interpersonal and intrapersonal levels. The upshot of this interpretation is that, despite criticisms both modern and ancient, we can clearly see how the Confucians justifiably imbue a particular aspect of traditional mores with normative ethical force. / published_or_final_version / Philosophy / Master / Master of Philosophy

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 230-239). / Also available by subscription via World Wide Web / vii, 239 leaves, bound 29 cm

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington. / Bibliography: l. 332-345.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 230-239).

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 73-79)

Thesis (M.A.)--Guo li Taiwan shi fan da xue guo wen yan jiu suo, 1969.

Thesis (M.A.)--Guo li zheng zhi da xue. / Bibliography: p. 259-287.