41 |
A study of Chen Li and the Yangzhou School Chen li yu Yangzhou xue pai yan jiu /Wong, Hoi-kit. January 2005 (has links)
Thesis (M. A.)--University of Hong Kong, 2005. / Title proper from title frame. Also available in printed format.
|
42 |
Li Kung-lin's Chiu-ko t'u a study of the Nine songs handscrolls in the Sung and Yüan dynasties /Muller, Deborah Del Gais. January 1981 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Yale University, 1981. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (v. 1, p. 294-324).
|
43 |
Liu Jishan li xue si xiang yan jiu yi xing shan, zhu jing, shen du shuo wei zhu /Liu, Zhehao. January 1900 (has links)
Thesis (Master's)--Guo li zheng zhi da xue, 1981. / Cover title. Includes bibliographical references.
|
44 |
Li Hung-chang and China's railways (1865-1895) Li Hongzhang yu Zhongguo tie lu.Chan, Man-fai. January 1976 (has links)
Thesis (M.A.)-- University of Hong Kong, 1976. / Also available in print.
|
45 |
A study of Li Jinxi's system of Chinese grammer Li Jinxi Han yu yu fa ti xi yan jiu /Tse, Yiu-kay. January 1995 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Hong Kong, 1995. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 247-266) Also available in print.
|
46 |
Entwicklungen und Auswirkungen der innenpolitischen Prozesse Taiwans auf die China-Taiwan-BeziehungenJacot, Olivier. January 2008 (has links) (PDF)
Master-Arbeit Univ. St. Gallen, 2008.
|
47 |
Li Tao and the incident of "Cup of Wine" Li Tao yu "Bei jiu shi bing quan" shi jian yan jiu /Wong, Wai-lan, January 2005 (has links)
Thesis (M. A.)--University of Hong Kong, 2005. / Title proper from title frame. Also available in printed format.
|
48 |
Li Yu gai bian ju yan jiu : jian lun wen ren chuan qi yu shi min wen xue zhi rong he /Wu, Tsz Wing. January 2006 (has links)
Thesis (M.Phil.)--Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 142-156). Also available in electronic version.
|
49 |
Electrochemical properties and ion-extraction mechanisms of Li-rich layered oxides and spinel oxidesKnight, James Courtney 16 September 2015 (has links)
Li-ion batteries are widely used in electronics and automotives. Despite their success, improvements in cost, safety, cycle life, and energy density are necessary. One way to enhance the energy density is to find advanced cathodes such as Li-rich layered oxides, which are similar to the commonly layered oxide cathodes (e.g., LiCoO2), except there are additional Li ions in the transition-metal layer, due to their higher charge-storage capacity. Another way of advancing is to design new battery chemistries, such as those involving multivalent-ion systems (e.g., Mg2+ and Zn2+) as they could offer higher charge-storage capacities and/or cost advantages.
Li-rich layered oxides have a complex first charge-discharge cycle, which affects their other electrochemical properties. Ru doping was expected to improve the performance of Li-rich layered oxides due to its electroactivity and overlap of the Ru4+/5+:4d band with the O2-:2p band, but it unexpectedly decreased the capacity due to the reduction in oxygen loss behavior. Preliminary evidence points to the formation of Ru-Ru dimers, which raises the Ru4+/5+:4d band, as the cause of this behavior.
Li-rich layered oxides suffer from declining operating voltage during cycling, and it is a huge challenge to employ them in practical cells. Raising the Ni oxidation state was found to reduce the voltage decay and improve the cyclability; however, it also decreased the discharge capacity. Increasing the Ni oxidation state minimized the formation of Mn3+ ions during discharge and Mn dissolution, which led to the improvements in voltage decay and cyclability.
Extraction of lithium from spinel oxides such as LiMn2O4 with acid was found to follow a Mn3+ disproportionation mechanism and depend on the Mn3+ content. Other common dopants like Cr3+, Fe3+, Co3+, or Ni2+/3+ did not disproportionate, and no ion-exchange of Li+ with H+ occurred in the tetrahedral sites of the spinel oxides.
Extraction with acid of Mg and Zn from spinel oxides, such as MgMn2O4 and ZnMn2O4, were also found to follow the same mechanism as Li-spinels. The Mg-spinels, however, do experience ion exchange when Mg ions are in the octahedral sites. Chemical extraction of Mg or Zn with an oxidizing agent NO2BF4 in acetonitrile medium, however, failed due to the electrostatic repulsion felt by the migrating divalent ions. In contrast, extraction with acid was successful as Mn dissolution from the lattice opened up favorable pathways for extraction. / text
|
50 |
Low temperature Li-ion battery ageing / Lågtemperaturåldring av Li-jon batterierNilsson, Johan Fredrik January 2014 (has links)
Different kinds of batteries suit different applications, and consequently several different chemistries exist. In order to better understand the limitations of low temperature performance, a Li-ion battery chemistry normally intended for room temperature use, graphite-Lithium Iron Phosphate, with 1 M LiPF6 ethylene carbonate:diethylene carbonate electrolyte, is here put under testing at -10°C and compared with room temperature cycling performance. Understanding the temperature limitations of this battery chemistry will give better understanding of the desired properties of a substitute using alternative materials. The experimental studies have comprised a combination of battery cycle testing, and surface analysis of the electrodes by Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. Results showed that with low enough rate, temperature is less of a problem, but with increased charge rate, there are increasingly severe effects on performance at low temperatures. XPS measurements of low charge rate samples showed similar Solid Electrolyte Interface layers formed on the graphite anode for room- and low temperature batteries, but with indications of a thicker layer on the former. A section of the report handles specific low temperature battery chemistries. The conclusions- and outlook were made by comparing the results found in the study with earlier findings on low temperature Li-ion batteries and present possible approaches for modifying battery performance at lowered temperatures. / I detta projekt har litium-jon-batterier testats i avseende på sina lågtemperaturprestanda. Arbetet gjordes genom att testa och jämföra prestantda mellan prover vid -10°C och rumstemperaturprover. Med analytiska instrument studerades både den morfologiska och kemiska förändring som skett under användning. Vald batterikemi har varit av slaget grafit-litiumjärnfosfat med en typisk organisk elektrolyt. Denna batterikemi är inte på något sätt anpassad för lågtemperaturprestanda och med det hoppas kunna påvisas de effekter som en mer lämpligt lågtemperaturkemi åtgärdar, och förstå hur de gör det. Med låg temperatur uppkommer en större ’tröghet’ för de kemiska reaktioner som sker i ett batteri. Om designen inte är särskilt gjord för låg temperatur kan effekterna bli osäkra, rent av farliga. Risken ökar nämligen för plätering av metalliskt litium på den negativa elektroden, och skulle litiumdeponeringen växa i den riktning som kopplar samman batteriets poler så kortsluts systemet. Med den höga energidensitet som karaktäriserar litium-jon-batterier vore en kortslutning extra beklaglig då den organiska elektrolyten kan antändas, med en potentiell explosion som följd.Inom särskilda applikationer kan lågtemperaturmiljöer förväntas för ett batteri, till exempel för fordon. En elbil i skandinaviskt klimat skulle behöva fungera ohindrat även vintertid, då temperaturerna ofta når -10°C och lägre. Samtidigt får man påminnas om att litium-jon-batterierna är relativt moderna och ännu inte har fått något stort genomslag som framdrivningsmedel. Detta försätter bilindustrin i ett krafigt behov av omfattande forskning för att kunna ta strategiskt sunda beslut för att möjliggöra en ordentlig introducering av elbilar som trovärdig ersättare till de fossilt drivna bilarna. I linje med trenden att ständigt bygga säkrare bilar måste elbilarna kunna visa upp förutsägbarhet, och med detta pålitlighet och säkerhet. I detta arbetet erhölls resultat som visade på batterifunktion även vid den sänkta temperaturen, men med gränser för hur snabbt laddningöverföring kunde ske jämfört med i rumstemperatur. Bevis för bildande av skyddsfilm på anod efter 1.5 battericykler, snarlik komposition för -10°C - och rumstemperaturbatterier – men med vissa indikationer på ett tjockare bildat lager hos den senare. Därtill gjordes jämförelser med specifika lågtemperaturselektrolyter, där en skillnad i framförallt innehåll utav etylkarbonat (mindre andel vid lågtemperaturapplikationer) uppvisar stora förbättringar i kallare klimat. En sådan provblandning gjordes och uppvisade bättre prestanda vid -10°C än rumstemperaturbatterier med standardelektrolyt. Arbetet har utförts vid Institutionen för Kemi-Ångström vid Uppsala universitet.
|
Page generated in 0.0322 seconds