Submitted by PPG Economia do desenvolvimento (economia-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-03-20T22:35:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ANDREA_BENTO _CARVALHO_TES.pdf: 2537906 bytes, checksum: f8e7900fb9f2d100aac7e42d6b6307a8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Tatiana Lopes (tatiana.lopes@pucrs.br) on 2018-04-03T18:53:51Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ANDREA_BENTO _CARVALHO_TES.pdf: 2537906 bytes, checksum: f8e7900fb9f2d100aac7e42d6b6307a8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-03T18:59:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ANDREA_BENTO _CARVALHO_TES.pdf: 2537906 bytes, checksum: f8e7900fb9f2d100aac7e42d6b6307a8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-01-30 / The concept of a marine economy, its quantification and impacts are important to change or to create appropriate public policies. It is noted that studies dedicated to the economics of the sea in Brazil are still incipient. Therefore, this thesis is dedicated to this interesting and innovative topic of research in Brazil. This thesis presents three essays of Brazilian Marine Economy. The aim of the first essay is to construct a concept of marine economy for Brazil, thus making possible the analysis of the participation of these sectors in the national economy. The Brazilian marine economy was divided into twelve sectors of the economy (sections) making a total of forty activities (classes). The methodology presented for the conceptualization of the Brazilian marine economy incorporates some aspects developed in previous international studies, by classifying the activities directly or indirectly related to the sea. However, it differs from some international studies when considering only activities exclusively developed in states and counties facing the sea. Thus, the Brazilian marine economy is defined as: Economic activities that have direct influence of the sea, including economic activities that do not have the sea as raw material, but which are developed in nearness to the sea. It was verified that the Brazilian marine economy is composed of two hundred and eighty municipalities located in seventeen states and in the three regions - North, Central and South, with the southern coast concentrating the highest indicators of population, GDP and employment in marine activities. The second essay aims to quantify the Brazilian marine economy for 2015 through the estimation of a National Input-Output Matrix which creates the marine sectors by separating activities directly related to the sea, (Marine Dimension activities), as well as indirectly linked to the sea (Adjacent to the Sea). Additionally, it is possible to know the size of the Brazilian marine economy. The result of this work is the Marine Economy Input-Output Matrix, denominated MIP Br Mar. The Brazilian marine economy, for the year 2015, generated for the national economy R$ 1.11 trillion of Gross Domestic Product and R$ 1.18 trillion of Gross Value Added. The Brazilian marine sectors employed more than 19 million people, generating almost R$ 500 billion in wages. The final demand of the marine sectors was estimated at R$ 1.3 trillion. Therefore, it should be noted that the Brazilian marine economy is dominated by the sector of services, where we can highlight tourism. Finally, the third essay presents the backward and forward linkages, in addition to the multipliers of the Brazilian marine economy. For the Marine Dimension, the Sea Manufactures, Marine Living Resources and Maritime Transport sectors have the largest multipliers. Considering the impacts of Backward and Forward policies, the Brazilian marine economy presents, by analyzing the Marine Dimension, two sectors with values greater than 1 for backward linkages (Manufactures of the Sea, both for the open and closed models, and Marine Living Resources for the open model). In relation to forward linkages, a single marine sector, by the marine dimension, presents a value greater than 1 for the open and closed model (Sea Energy). Thus, there are no key sectors in Brazilian marine economy and it is a major consumer of other industries rather than suppliers. / O conceito de economia do mar, sua quantifica??o e seus impactos na economia nacional s?o importantes para alterar, ou ent?o, criar pol?ticas p?blicas mais eficientes. Estudos apontando a economia do mar no Brasil ainda s?o incipientes. Portanto, esta tese dedica-se a este inovador e interessante t?pico de pesquisa para o Brasil, apresentando tr?s ensaios que versam sobre a Economia do Mar no Brasil. O objetivo do primeiro ensaio ? construir um conceito de economia do mar para o Brasil, dessa forma possibilitando a an?lise da participa??o destes setores na economia nacional. A economia do mar brasileira foi dividida em doze setores da economia (se??es) perfazendo um total de quarenta atividades (classes). A metodologia apresentada para a conceitua??o da economia do mar brasileira incorpora alguns aspectos desenvolvidos em estudos internacionais anteriores, ao classificar as atividades em direta ou indiretamente relacionadas ao mar. Entretanto, diferencia-se de alguns estudos internacionais ao considerar somente atividades realizadas exclusivamente em estados e munic?pios defrontantes com o mar. Assim sendo, economia do mar no Brasil ? definida, como: Atividades econ?micas que apresentam influ?ncia direta do mar, incluindo as atividades econ?micas que n?o tem o mar como mat?ria-prima, mas, que s?o realizadas nas suas proximidades. Verificou-se que a economia do mar brasileira ? composta por duzentos e oitenta munic?pios espalhados por dezessete estados repartidos, de acordo com classifica??o pr?pria, em tr?s regi?es ? Norte, Central e Sul, sendo que o litoral sul concentra os maiores indicadores de popula??o, PIB e emprego em atividades marinhas. O segundo ensaio visa quantificar a economia do mar no Brasil para o ano de 2015 atrav?s da estima??o de uma Matriz Insumo Produto nacional que crie os setores marinhos apartando as atividades em diretamente relacionadas ao mar (Dimens?o Marinha), bem como as indiretamente ligadas ao mar (Adjacentes ao Mar). Al?m disso, responda qual o tamanho da economia do mar no Brasil. Dessa forma, o resultado deste trabalho ser? a Matriz Insumo Produto do Mar, denominada MIP Br Mar. A economia do mar brasileira, no ano de 2015, gerou para a economia nacional R$ 1,11 trilh?o de PIB e R$1,18 trilh?o de Valor Adicionado Bruto. Os setores marinhos empregaram no total mais de 19 milh?es de pessoas, gerando quase R$ 500 bilh?es em sal?rios. A demanda final dos setores marinhos foi estimada em R$ 1,3 trilh?o. Nesse sentido, destaca-se que a economia do mar brasileira ? dominada pela categoria de servi?os, onde podemos salientar o turismo. Por fim, o terceiro ensaio apresenta os encadeamentos de impactos de pol?ticas backward e forward, al?m dos multiplicadores da economia do mar brasileira. Pelo escopo Dimens?o Marinha, os setores Manufaturas do Mar, Recursos Vivos do Mar e Transporte do Mar apresentam os maiores multiplicadores. Considerando os impactos de pol?ticas backward e forward, a economia do mar brasileira apresenta, analisando a Dimens?o Marinha, dois setores com valores maiores de 1 para backward linkages (Manufaturas do Mar, tanto para os modelos aberto e fechado, e, Recursos Vivos do Mar para o modelo aberto). No tocante a forward linkages, um ?nico setor marinho, pela dimens?o marinha, apresenta valor maior de 1 para o modelo aberto e fechado (Energia do Mar). Nesse sentido, constata-se que a economia do mar brasileira n?o apresenta setores-chaves e tem por caracter?stica ser maior consumidora de outras ind?strias ao inv?s de supridora.