O objetivo desse trabalho é identificar o comportamento da areia de britagem de rocha calcária na argamassa de revestimento Foram propostas cinco composições de traço, a primeira com 100% areia natural, que será usado como traço de referência, a segunda composição com 80% areia natural, e 20% areia de britagem de rocha calcária, o terceiro com 60% areia natural e 40% areia de britagem de rocha calcária, o quarto com 40% areia natural e 60% areia de britagem de rocha calcária, e o quinto com 20% areia natural e 80% areia de britagem de rocha calcária. Os traços das argamassas foram compostos com cimento, areia, água e aditivo, sem a presença da cal, e estas foram ensaiadas no estado fresco e endurecido e apresentaram os seguintes resultados: Os traços compostos com a areia de britagem de rocha calcária apresentaram melhor desempenho que o traço de referência, composto apenas com areia natural. O traço com 60% de areia natural e 40% de areia de britagem de rocha calcária apresentou melhor desempenho em 70% dos ensaios realizados, tendo apresentado uma curva granulométrica dentro da zona ótima superior e inferior exigido pela norma. A relevância desse estudo se deve ao fato de que, a areia de britagem é um resíduo que gera um importante passivo ambiental, e o uso da areia de extração provoca a degradação do meio ambiente. Utilizar a areia de britagem para substituir a areia natural é uma forma de contribuir para a preservação ecológica. / The goal of this resarch is to identify the behavior of limestone crushed sand in coating mortar. Five trace compositions were proposed and tested: the first one made up of 100% natural sand, which will be used as reference trace, the second composition presented 80% natural sand and 20% limestone rock crushed sand, the third one 60% natural sand and 40% limestone rock crushed sand, the fourth one with 40% natural sand and 60% limestone rock crushed sand, and the fifth trace 20 % natural sand and 80% limestone rock crushed sand. The mortar traces were composed of cement, sand, water and additive, without the presence of lime, and these were tested in the wet and hardened state and presented the following results: Composite traces with limestone rock crushed sand presented better performance than the reference trace, which had only natural sand. The traces with 60% natural sand and 40% limestone crushed sand showed better performance in 70% of the tests performed, and presented a grain size curve within the optimal upper and lower zone, as required by the standard rules. The relevance of this study is due to the fact that crushed sand is a waste that generates important environmental liability, and natural sand extraction leads to the environmental degradation. Using crushed sand to replace natural sand is one way to contribute to environmental preservation.

The anisotropy of the Biscayne Aquifer which serves as the source of potable water for Miami-Dade County was investigated by applying geophysical methods. Electrical resistivity imaging, self potential and ground penetration radar techniques were employed in both regional and site specific studies. In the regional study, electrical anisotropy and resistivity variation with depth were investigated with azimuthal square array measurements at 13 sites. The observed coefficient of electrical anisotropy ranged from 1.01 to 1.36. The general direction of measured anisotropy is uniform for most sites and trends W-E or SE-NW irrespective of depth. Measured electrical properties were used to estimate anisotropic component of the secondary porosity and hydraulic anisotropy which ranged from 1 to 11% and 1.18 to 2.83 respectively. 1-D sounding analysis was used to models the variation of formation resistivity with depth. Resistivities decreased from NW (close to the margins of the everglades) to SE on the shores of Biscayne Bay. Porosity calculated from Archie's law, ranged from 18 to 61% with higher values found along the ridge. Higher anisotropy, porosities and hydraulic conductivities were on the Atlantic Coastal Ridge and lower values at low lying areas west of the ridge. The cause of higher anisotropy and porosity is attributed to higher dissolution rates of the oolitic facies of the Miami Formation composing the ridge. The direction of minimum resistivity from this study is similar to the predevelopment groundwater flow direction indicated in published modeling studies. Detailed investigations were carried out to evaluate higher anisotropy at West Perrine Park located on the ridge and Snapper Creek Municipal well field where the anisotropy trend changes with depth. The higher anisotropy is attributed to the presence of solution cavities oriented in the E-SE direction on the ridge. Similarly, the change in hydraulic anisotropy at the well field might be related to solution cavities, the surface canal and groundwater extraction wells.

The diploma thesis deals with possibility of utilization raw materials from alternative sources for production of cement-bonded particleboards. In theoretical part the possibilities of modifying composition of cement-bonded slabs with emphasis on their matrix are discussed in detail. On basis of the findings and their evaluation, waste from the formatting of cement-bonded particleboards, micronized limestone, heat sink and high temperature fly ash were selected to the composition modification. The mentioned raw materials were analyzed and subsequently tested as substitutes for the matrix of cement-bonded particleboards in the experimental part. The properties of the proposed materials were tested even in the longer term, including the microstructure.

The diploma thesis is focused on effective utilization of currently produced alternative raw materials in the production of cement-bonded boards. The emphasis is primarily on the scraps and dust arising from the processing of cement-bonded slabs, as well as on slag and limestone. The theoretical part contains a survey of current knowledge about the given issue. In the experimental part, the alternative raw materials were analyzed in detail and their influence (as modifier components of the matrix and the filler) on the properties of cement-bonded slabs was examined. Research and development took place using physico-mechanical, thermal and microstructural methods.

This diploma thesis is focused on the description and summary of existing knowledge about vibro-pressed concrete products with treated surface with protective coating, that is hardering by ultravioled and infrared radiation. The theoretical part describes the production of vibro-presses products, possible wayt of finishing the surface including the description of the most commonly used materials and the methods of application and hardering of protrctive coating on the surface. Another point of the theoretical part is creating of lime efflorescence on the concrete surface and their subsequent disappearance. The experimental part of the thesis is ficused on obtaining information about the properties of the modified pavements by these techologies and comparing the acquired properties with the charakteristice of the reference pavements that do not have any protective coating on their surface.

The subject of the diploma thesis is a design of a kindergarten in a passive standard standing on a plot situated in the center of Fulnek. The building has two floors and the first floor is embedded in the terrain. The vertical load-bearing structures consist of sand-lime masonry with a contact thermal insulation system. The building is based on foundation strips due to the type of subsoil. The roofing is then solved by a single-layer flat roof with a vegetation layer.

The diploma thesis describes admixtures for concrete. It deals with the influence of admixtures on the properties of cement composites in the fresh and hardened state. The theoretical part described the individual components of concrete, where the main attention was focused to inert admixtures and their effect on mechanical properties, shrinkage, resistance of cement composites to aggressive medium. Furthermore, the effect of admixtures on concretes with recycled aggregates was described. In the first stage of the practical part, cement mortars with 25, 35 and 50% replacement of cement admixtures were created. In the second stage, concretes with admixtures and a minimum strength class of C30/37 and C50/60 were created. Finely ground granulated slag, micronized limestone and granite stone dust were used as admixtures in mortars and concretes. The change of properties in the fresh and hardened state was observed on cement composites.

The theoretical part describes the admixtures that are used in cement replacement. Here also summarizes the findings on the influence of granulomentry, grain shape and fineness of admixtures on the density of the cement matrix. The practical part is experimentally verified the influence of fineness admixtures and grain size on the mechanical properties of concrete. Also, the rheological properties of cement are compared with admixtures depending on the type and dosage and time.

The diploma thesis deals with the design of a kindergarten on a particular building site in the village of Netin. The aim is to create a functional layout suitable for everyday use. It is a two-floor construction without a cellar which can accommodate 40 pre-school children. The building has been designed using the construction software system KM BETA and is sheltered with a flat roof on the one-floor part and with a shed roof on the two-floor part.

Concrete as a building material is subject to continuous innovation and thanks to advanced technology and quantum of research, its properties are still improved. It is logical that the more concrete we produce, the more waste it arises. The volume of this waste can not be stored in landfills endlessly, nowadays most of the waste economies in the world are trying to recycle concrete rubble. The recycling is not such a problem, the technology has been long verified but the quality of the recycled concrete aggregate is unquestionably one of the primary assumption which leads to accomplish required properties of concrete. In fact, the recycling process is „crushing“ the concrete into particles with an effort to eliminate the cement paste on the surface of the aggregate. An ideal solution would be create a resistant and firm coating that would adhere perfectly to the cement matrix. This diploma thesis is focused on the properties of recycled concrete aggregate and methods of improvement and optimization of the concrete mix composition.