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Statistická analýza teplotních a srážkových časových řad v České republice v období 1961 - 2008 / Statistical Analysis of Temperature and Precipitation Time Series in the Czech Republic in Period 1961-2008Helman, Karel January 2005 (has links)
The present dissertation deals with an analysis of monthly time series of average temperatures and precipitation sums recorded at 44 sites in the Czech Republic over the period of 1961--2008. The main research purpose is to acquire deeper knowledge of regularities in the climatic time series development, using an appropriate set of statistical methods. A secondary objective is to search and find correlations between the research outcomes and basic geographic coordinates (altitude, longitude and latitude) of particular measurement stations and comparing all the results achieved for the selected climatic elements. There are two major contributions of this work. In the first place, it presents new knowledge in the field of climatic time series, particularly in connection with the strength and development of their seasonal component, further for instance analysing the relation between the distribution of a residual component and the geographic coordinates of the measurement stations. Another contribution lies in an extensive application of statistical methods of climatic time series analysis. Several types of methods were used, having employed both widely and rarely applied statistical tools (linear trends analysis and Box-Jenkins methodology respectively) as well as those used for the very first time (moving-seasonal time series).
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Analysis of Stream Runoff Trends in the Blue Ridge and Piedmont of Southeastern United StatesKharel, Usha 20 April 2009 (has links)
The purpose of the study was to examine the temporal trends of three monthly variables: stream runoff, rainfall and air temperature and to find out if any correlation exists between rainfall and stream runoff in the Blue Ridge and Piedmont provinces of the southeast United States. Trend significance was determined using the non-parametric Mann-Kendall test on a monthly and annual basis. GIS analysis was used to find and integrate the urban and non-urban stream gauging, rainfall and temperature stations in the study area. The Mann-Kendall test showed a statistically insignificant temporal trend for all three variables. The correlation of 0.4 was observed for runoff and rainfall, which showed that these two parameters are moderately correlated.
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Planejamento de experimentos bayesianos: aplicações em experimentos na presença de tendências lineares.Lima, Luis Gustavo Guedes Bessa 11 January 2007 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2007-01-11 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / We present a general introduction in the construction of experimental design, spe-
cially a general factorial design and factorial design 2k and some Bayesian criteria in
the construction of experimental design. In practice, usually the researcher can have a
priori knowledge of specialists for estimated quantities from an experiment. The use of
Bayesian methods can take on best results with low costs. Many Bayesian criteria in-
troduced in literature are presented. One of the main applications in the experimental
design construction involve the existance of linear trends with objective of verifying the
best sequence of runs, specially the factorial designs with eight runs.
In this disertation, we introduce some basic concepts in design of experiments and the
use of the Bayesian approach to have more e¢ cient and less cost experiments. The main
goal of the work, is to consider a special case of great importance in applied indistrial
work: the presence of linear trend. In this case, we present a comparative study in design
of experiments under the classical and Bayesian approaches. / Inicialmente apresentamos uma introdução geral sobre planejamentos de experimen-
tos, em especial, o planejamento fatorial geral e o planejamento fatorial 2k, e alguns
critérios Bayesianos na construção de planejamentos de experimentos. Na prática, usual-
mente o pesquisador pode ter conhecimento a priori de especialistas das quantidades a
serem estimadas, a partir de um experimento. O uso de métodos Bayesianos pode levar à
melhores resultados com menores custos. Vários critérios Bayesianos introduzidos na liter-
atura são apresentados. Algumas aplicações são consideradas para ilustrar a metodologia
proposta. Uma das principais aplicações na construção de um planejamento de exper-
imentos envolve a presença de tendências lineares com o objetivo de verificar a melhor
seqüência possível de ensaios, em especial o planejamento fatorial com oito ensaios.
Nesta dissertação, pretendemos introduzir alguns conceitos básicos em planejamen-
tos de experimentos e o uso do enfoque Bayesiano que leva à experimentos com melhor
eficiência e menores custos. Como objetivo principal de trabalho, vamos considerar um
caso especial de grande importância nas aplicações industriais: a presença de tendên-
cias lineares. Neste caso, vamos apresentar um estudo comparativo em planejamento de
experimentos clássicos e planejamento de experimentos Bayesianos.
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