Th. 3e cycle--Paris--INALCO, 1988.

The greater part of Pazande speaking territory is situated at a reasonable distance from the major swahilophone territories and most speakers of Zande have never been in close contact with speakers of Kiswahili. Only when Tippu Tip reached the north-eastern areas of present DR Congo and claimed a political position of power, did the Zande came into contact with Kiswahili. This contact was not intense and, as such, the few Kiswahili loanwords that exist in Zande have never been a topic of research. Such loanwords, however, do exist, e.g. kiti ‘chair’, and may have entered the language via Lingala or, due to its geographical proximity, the variety Bangala.

Kinshasa, la capitale de la République Démocratique du Congo est une ville plurilingue et pluriethnique du fait qu’elle fait l’objet d’un exode rural important. C’est dans cet environnement particulièrement plurilingue que le lingala est employé comme langue véhiculaire parfois en concurrence avec le français. C’est dans ce cadre que nous posons le problème des facteurs qui déterminent le choix du français, du lingala classique et du français dans cet espace. Au contact avec le français, langue officielle du pays, le discours kinois à base lingala présente aujourd’hui une hétérogénéité linguistique qui affecte plusieurs niveaux d’analyse que nous étudions sous l’étiquette d’alternance de langues : alternance interphrastique et alternance intraphrastique. Mais il existe aussi un fonds lexical d’origine européenne qui passe inaperçu aujourd’hui, grâce à leur intégration phonétique. Il a fallu recourir à ce qui reste de ressemblance formelle pour les déceler et proposer des hypothèses de leur évolution à partir de leurs étymons français, portugais ou anglais.Ce travail tente d’appréhender les questions formelles et sémantiques que présentent la langue lingala et le discours kinois, au contact avec les langues européennes, le français en particulier. Pour ce faire, nous avons eu recours à un corpus composé de discours effectivement prononcés mais qui ont tous la caractéristique d’être des discours publiés (publicités, chansons, édition du journal télévisé en lingala facile). / Kinshasa, capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, is a multilingual and multiethnic city due to its being the object of an important rural exodus. It is in this particular multilingual environment that Lingala is used as a vehicular language, sometimes in competition with French. This is the setting for which we discuss the factors determining the choice between using French only or using classical Lingala and French.The contact between French, the country’s official language, and the Lingala base has resulted in a linguistic heterogeneity which will be analysis on several levels using the theories of code-switching: intersentential code-switching and intrasentential code-switching. But there is also a substratum of European origin which goes unseen today because of its phonetic integration. We have had recourse to formal resemblances in order to discern elements of this substratum and its French, Portuguese, or English etymons and to propose hypotheses about their evolution.This study attempts to describe the formal and semantic questions posed by the Lingala language and by Kinois discourse when they come in contact with European languages and particularly with French. To do this, we have established a corpus of discourses which have been effectively pronounced but which are all published discourses (advertisements, songs, televised news shows in basic Lingala).

My thesis investigates the universality of the Matrix Language Frame model developed by Myers-Scotton (2002). The work tests the model by using bilingual data which display code-switching between French and the low variety of Lingala. The main concern of the work is to test the constraints that are posited in terms of principles of the model and which claim that the Matrix Language dictates the morphosyntactic frame of a bilingual Complementizer Phrase (CP). In the light of the findings of this study, it was shown that the ML model failed to account for a number of situations; and such was the case of the Morpheme Order Principle and double morphology, specifically with the outsider late system morphemes.

Reproduction de : Thèse de doctorat : Littérature comparée : Paris 4 : 2007. / Titre provenant de l'écran titre. 267 références bibliographiques.