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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Determinacao de tricio e estroncio-90 no controle radiologico do IPEN-CNEN/SP

LEONARDO, LUCIO 09 October 2014 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:49:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:01:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 09815.pdf: 1279672 bytes, checksum: b0b13ac00bb4c31120dba8064c665328 (MD5) / Dissertacao (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
12

Padrao experimental em espectrometria de neutrons rapidos utilizando neutrons da reacao DT e avaliacao de metodos de calculo de blindagem

COELHO, PAULO R.P. 09 October 2014 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:37:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:08:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 02030.pdf: 8691192 bytes, checksum: ad86831849e25d23427f44ea6beba5ed (MD5) / Tese (Doutoramento) / IPEN/T / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
13

Padronização do Y-90 pelo método CIEMAT/NIST em sistema de cintilação líquida e pelo método do traçador em sistema de de coincidência 4'pi''beta''gama' / Standardization of Y-90 by CIEMAT/NIST method in scintilation counting system and by tracing method in 4'pi''beta''gamma' coincidence system

NASCIMENTO, TATIANE da S. 10 November 2014 (has links)
Submitted by Claudinei Pracidelli (cpracide@ipen.br) on 2014-11-10T10:55:54Z No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-11-10T10:55:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
14

Danos de radiacao em componentes quimicos de detectores cintiladores organicos

FERNANDES NETO, JOSE M. 09 October 2014 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:48:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T13:59:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 09304.pdf: 9069440 bytes, checksum: 9b629151d743bf36f1cfe4b92c5a25b2 (MD5) / Tese (Doutoramento) / IPEN/T / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
15

Estudo e desenvolvimento de metodos analiticos para determinacao da radioatividade natural em aguas

SAMPA, MARIA H. de O. 09 October 2014 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:29:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:00:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 00374.pdf: 1851667 bytes, checksum: eb55ab298cfe6ea72073a36c84226d72 (MD5) / Dissertacao (Mestrado) / IEA/D / Instituto de Energia Atomica - IEA
16

Determinacao de tricio e estroncio-90 no controle radiologico do IPEN-CNEN/SP

LEONARDO, LUCIO 09 October 2014 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:49:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:01:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 09815.pdf: 1279672 bytes, checksum: b0b13ac00bb4c31120dba8064c665328 (MD5) / Dissertacao (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
17

Padrao experimental em espectrometria de neutrons rapidos utilizando neutrons da reacao DT e avaliacao de metodos de calculo de blindagem

COELHO, PAULO R.P. 09 October 2014 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:37:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:08:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 02030.pdf: 8691192 bytes, checksum: ad86831849e25d23427f44ea6beba5ed (MD5) / Tese (Doutoramento) / IPEN/T / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
18

Padronização do Y-90 pelo método CIEMAT/NIST em sistema de cintilação líquida e pelo método do traçador em sistema de de coincidência 4'pi''beta''gama' / Standardization of Y-90 by CIEMAT/NIST method in scintilation counting system and by tracing method in 4'pi''beta''gamma' coincidence system

NASCIMENTO, TATIANE da S. 10 November 2014 (has links)
Submitted by Claudinei Pracidelli (cpracide@ipen.br) on 2014-11-10T10:55:54Z No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-11-10T10:55:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / O 90Y tem uma meia-vida de 2,7 dias, decaindo com 99,98% por emissão beta para o estado fundamental do 90Zr. Neste trabalho foram aplicadas duas metodologias para a padronização do 90Y. O método do traçador em um sistema de coincidência de 4πβ-γ, onde foi medido o emissor beta puro, misturado com um emissor de beta-gama, que proporciona a eficiência de detecção beta. Para este método, o radionuclídeo 24Na, que decai com meia-vida de 0,623 dia pela emissão beta, com energia beta máxima de 1393 keV, seguido por dois raios gama, foi usado como traçador. A eficiência foi obtida, selecionando-se o pico de absorção total com energia de 1369 keV no canal gama. Alíquotas conhecidas do traçador, previamente padronizadas pelo método de coincidência 4πβ-γ, foram misturadas com alíquotas conhecidas de 90Y. A atividade do emissor beta puro foi calculada por meio de um sistema de coincidência por software (SCS) usando discriminação eletrônica para alterar a eficiência de beta. O comportamento da curva de extrapolação foi predito por meio do código Esquema, que utiliza a técnica de Monte Carlo. O outro método usado foi o método CIEMAT/NIST desenvolvido para sistemas de contagem de cintilação líquida. Para este método, utilizou-se uma solução padrão de 3H. O sistema 2100TR TRICARB foi usado para as medições, o qual opera em coincidência com duas fotomultiplicadoras; uma fonte externa, colocada perto do sistema de medição foi usada para determinar o parâmetro quenching. O coquetel utilizado foi o Ultima Gold, a variação do fator de quenching foi obtida pelo uso de nitrometano. As amostras radioativas foram preparadas em frascos de vidro com baixa concentração de potássio. As atividades determinadas pelos dois métodos foram comparadas e os resultados obtidos são concordantes dentro das incertezas experimentais. Por meio deste trabalho, foi possível avaliar o desempenho do método CIEMAT/NIST, que apresenta várias vantagens em relação ao método do traçador, entre elas a facilidade para a preparação das fontes, medidas simples e rápidas sem a necessidade de determinar as curvas de extrapolação. / Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
19

Mottenkugeln zum Nachweis der Kernstrahlung: Hartmut Kallmann (1896 – 1978) und die organischen Szintillatoren

Niese, Siegfried 09 August 2012 (has links)
Es werden die Entdeckung der organischen Szintillatoren durch Hartmut Kallmann und seine anderen Arbeiten, insbesondere die Entwicklung der flüssigen Szillitatoren beschrieben. / The discovery of organic scintillators by Hartmut Kallmann and his further work, especially the development of liquid scintillators are described.
20

Les expériences Nucifer et Stéréo : étude des antineutrinos de réacteurs à courte distance / The Nucifer and Stereo experiments : a study of reactor antineutrinos at short baseline

Pequignot, Maxime 30 September 2015 (has links)
Interagissant très peu avec leur environnement, les neutrinos peuvent aujourd'hui être clairement détectés à l'aide d'une technologie largement éprouvée reposant sur l'utilisation de liquide scintillant et de photo-multiplicateurs. Les progrès réalisés ces dernières années permettent de réduire la taille et la complexité des détecteurs et laissent ainsi entrevoir les premières applications à ces particules. Première expérience placée à 7,2 m d'un coeur de réacteur nucléaire, le détecteur Nucifer démontre la possibilité de compter les antineutrinos venant du combustible à cette faible distance induisant un environnement très défavorable en terme de bruits de fond. Dans cette thèse, nous présentons l'analyse ayant permis de rejeter les différents bruits de fond venant du réacteur et de son circuit de désactivation mais aussi des muons atmosphériques. Une prédiction du taux d'antineutrinos avec différentes simulations Monte-Carlo a également été réalisée et se trouve en accord avec le taux mesuré dans la limite des incertitudes statistiques et systématiques. Sur près d'un an de prise de données, nous avons pu suivre l'évolution en puissance du réacteur Osiris. Une étude de sensibilité a montré que la présence de plutonium dans le coeur d'Osiris était détectable à 95 % CL dès que cet isotope contribue à hauteur de 10 % de la masse fissile (1,5 kg dans Osiris). En outre, le détecteur a montré une grande stabilité tout au long de la prise de données prouvant que le contrôle à distance des réacteurs nucléaires est possible. Cette expérience ouvre donc la voie à de nouveaux modes de contrôle des réacteurs nucléaires pour les autorités de sûreté. Dans le cadre des travaux sur les spectres d'antineutrinos émis par les réacteurs nucléaires, un déficit a récemment été mis en évidence dans le taux des antineutrinos mesurés pour les expériences à courte distance des réacteurs. Ce déficit, appelé anomalie réacteur, pourrait trouver son origine dans une nouvelle oscillation à travers un état stérile du neutrino à l'électronvolt. L'expérience Stéréo a pour but de trancher sur l'existence ou non de cette oscillation en se plaçant à 10 m du réacteur nucléaire de l'ILL. En observant une distorsion à la fois en énergie et en distance, le détecteur permettra en effet d'apporter une conclusion solide sur ce phénomène. Nous revenons ici sur le développement du projet et sur les différents choix technologiques réalisés pour améliorer la sensibilité de l'expérience. Une attention particulière est portée sur l'estimation des bruits de fond provenant du réacteur nucléaire ainsi que des expériences voisines utilisant des faisceaux de neutrons. Des mesures expérimentales alliées à des simulations ont permis de quantifier les flux de rayons gammas et de neutrons ainsi que leur direction afin de prévoir les blindages nécessaires. Enfin, nous présentons les performances du prototype correspondant à une cellule du détecteur final. / In spite of a faint interaction with their environment, neutrinos can be now clearly detected thanks to a proven technology based on liquid scintillators and photomultiplier tubes. The advances made these last years allow to reduce the size and the complexity of the detectors and therefore naturally lead to the first applications with these particles. As the first experiment to be placed at 7.2 m of a nuclear core, the Nucifer detector demonstrates the possibility of counting antineutrinos coming from the nuclear fuel at such a short baseline despite the very unfavourable environment in term of the background noises. In this thesis, we present an analysis which rejects the various background noises coming from the reactor and its deactivation circuit but also from the atmospheric muons. A prediction of the antineutrino rate with several Monte-Carlo simulations was also performed and is in good agreement with the measured rate, within statistical and systematic uncertainties. After nearly one year of data taking, we were able to follow the power evolution of the reactor Osiris. A sensibility study showed that the presence of plutonium in the Osiris core was detectable at 95 % CL as soon as this isotope contributes at the level of 10 % of the fissile mass (1,5 kg in Osiris). Besides, the detector was very stable throughout the data taking proving that the remote control of nuclear reactor with a neutrino detector is possible. Thus, this experiment opens the way to new control modes of nuclear reactors by the nuclear safety authorities. As part of the work on the antineutrino spectra emitted by nuclear reactors, a deficit was recently highlighted in the observed antineutrino rate for the experiments at short baseline. This deficit, called the reactor anomaly, could be explain by a new oscillation into a sterile state of the neutrino at the electronvolt scale. The Stereo experiment aims to test the existence of this oscillation by performing measurements 10 m away from the ILL nuclear reactor. By observing a distortion pattern of the energy and distance dependence of the neutrino spectrum, the detector will be able to provide a solid proof of this phenomenon. We present here the project development and the various technological choices that we have done to improve the experiment sensibility. The estimation of the background noise coming from the nuclear reactor as well as the nearby experiments using neutron beams has been performed with on-site measurements and simulations to design the shielding of the detector. Eventually we present the performances of the prototype which corresponds to one cell of the final detector.

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