La présente thèse a pour principal objectif l’analyse empirique et théologique de la participation active (PA) des pratiquants dominicaux au sein de deux communautés montréalaises catholiques romaines. Les débats portant sur l’objet de l’étude sont encore ouverts eu égard aux récentes réappropriations religieuses des contemporains et aux nouveaux modes culturels. Cette thèse se penchera succinctement sur le sens historique de ce principe, pour ensuite privilégier l’évolution contemporaine des discussions. Ce sont, tout particulièrement, les catégories de participation théologale, externe, interne, communautaire et d’expérience liturgique qui constitueront le cadre d’observation qualitative de cette étude. La notion de PA est en pleine évolution depuis la réforme voulue par Vatican II. En s’appuyant sur des postures théologiques récentes, cette thèse vise à savoir comment les différents paramètres de la PA sont perçus et vécus chez certains pratiquants. Du point de vue pastoral, cette thèse prend appui sur ce courant théologique pour interroger les manières de faire participer les pratiquants pour leur faire vivre authentiquement le mystère eucharistique en s’inspirant notamment des perspectives patristiques. Elle procède aussi à l’étude de l’expérience liturgique des pratiquants suivant les traces de Join-Lambert et de Jean Séguy. Ces théologiens ont traité des problématiques liées au champ émotionnel de la liturgie, Séguy le subordonnant au rituel régulé et rationnel dans le Catholicisme romain. Tout en faisant état des dissidences théologiques concernant cette notion, sujet à controverse, cette thèse conclut que les réformes conciliaires ont eu des impacts positifs sur la pratique liturgique. Elle indique que la participation liturgique paraît moins envisagée sous l’angle d’un rapport implicatif, que d’un rapport électif à la liturgie dominicale. Exprimant des attentes à la fois rituelles rationnelles et rituelles émotionnelles, les pratiquants recherchent davantage l’expérience d’une rencontre personnelle avec Dieu, alors que certains valorisent l’assemblée elle-même. Ensuite, la thèse révèle les enjeux liés au défi ministériel. Surgit la question de la centralité de la figure du prêtre, à l’heure de la synodalité en Église. / The main focus of this thesis is the empirical and theological analysis of the active participation (AP) of Sunday churchgoers in two Roman Catholic Montreal communities. Debates on the object of the study are still open in view of the new religious reappropriations of contemporaries and new cultural modes. This thesis will briefly examine the historical meaning the notion of AP, to then focus on the contemporary evolution of the debate. It is, in particular, the categories of external, internal, community participation and liturgical experience that will constitute the qualitative observation framework of this study. The concept of PA is in full evolution since the reform desired by Vatican II. Based on recent reflections, this thesis aims to know how the different parameters of AP are perceived and experienced by some practitioners. From a pastoral point of view, this thesis is based on this theological current to question the ways of involving practitioners in order to make them live authentically the Eucharistic mystery by drawing inspiration in particular from patristic perspectives. It also proceeds to the study of the liturgical experience of practitioners following in the footsteps of Join-Lambert and Jean Séguy, theologians who have dealt with issues related to the emotional field of the liturgy, Séguy subordinating it to regulated and rational ritual in Catholicism. While noting the theological disagreements concerning this controversial notion, this thesis concludes that the conciliar reforms have had positive impacts on liturgical practice. It indicates that liturgical participation seems less envisaged from the angle of an implicative relationship, than of a selective relationship to the Sunday liturgy. Expressing both rational ritual and emotional ritual expectations, practitioners seek more the experience of a personal encounter with God, while just some value the assembly itself. Then, the thesis reveals the issues related to the ministerial challenge. The question of the centrality of the figure of the priest arises at a time when synodality in the Church is being considered.

Parish clergy and religious change in Prague's diocese from Council of Trent till the end of the 17th century The religious change that happens in Bohemia in the 17th century has no equivalent in the Europe at this time: the whole country, where Catholics were in a very minority, comes back to the roman Church. This evolution is here seen from a very prosaic point of view: how lay people live this change, and so how acts the parish clergy in this matter. Conversion's strategy, at the end of the Council of Trent, was to permit the use of the chalice to the laity. The consequence of this permission was a very hazy situation in the parishes, but Holy See did nothing before the battle of White Mountain, and after the battle, he suppressed chalice, mainly for pastoral reasons. During the Thirty years War, the kingdom is the place of a general reform, which has its origins in the catholic missionary movement of the beginning of the century and in the political theories of this time. Bohemia is strongly marked by the war that acts as a catalyst; at the same time political and religious authorities were lacking. The inhabitants, usually just formal Catholics at the beginning, convert themselves more and more deeply during the 17th century. The eldest, who remembered the non-Catholics services, died during the...