Inaug.-Diss.--Göttingen. / Vita.

Inaug.-Diss.--Göttingen. / Vita.

Diss.--Fakultät für Philologie--Bochum--Ruhr-Universität, 1990.

Texte remanié de: Tesis doctoral--Universidad de Valladolid, 1995. / Bibliogr. p. 318-330.

Tendons are frequently used for reconstructive surgery. This includes palmaris longus, plantaris, the long extensors of the toes and fingers as well as the flexors of the fingers. The surgeon must base his or her selection of the donor tendon for grafting on what is needed, for example tendon size, length, and width. The most desirable tendons in reconstructive surgery are the palmaris longus and plantaris tendons. These two muscles are also considered to be the easiest tendons to harvest, and therefore they remain the ideal choices for plantaris,or tendon grafts. Apart from what is mentioned in the literature, questions remain such as: which characteristics do the palmaris longus and plantaris muscles possess that make them suitable for use as flaps or grafts in reconstructive surgery and; how can knowledge of the characteristics of these muscles improve reconstructive surgery in South Africa? The palmaris longus and plantaris muscles are indeed subject to variation, whether in the general anatomy, form, attachment, actions and/or prevalence. A statistical significant difference was found between the male and female sample when considering the length of the palmaris longus muscle. When comparing the palmaris longus muscle to the plantaris muscles, it was found that there is a statistical significant difference between them as well. Therefore, although these muscles may look alike, when it comes to the surgical aspect it is suggested that the palmaris longus is used when a wider tendon is preferred and the plantaris muscle when a longer tendon is needed. The prevalence of the palmaris longus and plantaris muscles compared well with studies done on other population groups. No correlation was found between the sex of the cadaver and the prevalence of the palmaris longus and plantaris muscles. In addition it was established that there is no relationship between the prevalence of the palmaris longus and plantaris muscles in the same individual. A possible phylogenetic degenerative trend for the palmaris longus muscle was also examined. After studying various age groups, it was determined that such a trend could not be established for this sample. In conclusion, based on the morphology and prevalence of the palmaris longus and plantaris muscles in a South African population, they are ideal for the use of flaps and/or tendon graft in reconstructive surgery. But it is of utmost importance that the reconstructive surgeon, working on South African patients, remember that both these muscles are subject to variation and not only will it be beneficial to employ proper detection methods to determine the viability of either muscle before considering its suitability in reconstructive surgery but also a sound knowledge of the anatomy of these muscles must be known. AFRIKAANS : Tendons word dikwels gebruik vir rekonstruktiewe chirurgie. Dit sluit die M. palmaris longus en M. plantaris, die lang ekstensors van die tone en vingers, sowel as die fleksors van die vingers in. Die chirurg moet sy of haar keuse van die skenkertendon baseer op dit wat benodig word, byvoorbeeld tendongrootte, ~lengte en ~breedte. Die mees gesogte tendons in rekonstruktiewe chirurgie is dié van M. palmaris longus en M. plantaris. Hierdie twee spiere word ook geag as die maklikste spiere om te oes / bekom, en daarom bly hulle die ideale keuse vir weefselsnitte of tendon-oorplantings. Afgesien van wat in die literatuur beskryf word, bly die volgende vrae onbeantwoord: Watter eienskappe maak M. palmaris longus en M. plantaris geskik vir die gebruik as weefselsnitte of tendon-oorplantings in rekonstruktiewe chirurgie en, hoe kan kennis van hierdie eienskappe van dié spiere, rekonstruktiewe chirurgie in Suid-Afrika verbeter? M. palmaris longus en M. plantaris is inderdaad onderworpe aan variasie van die algemene anatomie, vorm, aanhegtings, aksies en / of aanwesigheid en/of afwesigheid. 'n Statistiese beduidende verskil is gevind tussen die manlike en vroulike steekproef ten opsigte van die lengte van M. palmaris longus. M. palmaris longus is met M. plantaris ook vergelyk en daar was gevind dat daar 'n statisties beduidende verskil tussen hierdie spiere is. Alhoewel hierdie spiere dieselfde lyk, is dit belangrik om in ag te neem dat as dit by die chirurgiese aspekte kom, word daar voorgestel dat M. palmaris longus eerder gebruik moet word wanneer 'n wyer tendon verkies word en M. plantaris gekies moet word wanneer ‘n langer tendon benodig word. Daar is goeie ooreenkoms tussen die aanwesigheid en/of afwesigheid van M. palmaris longus en M. plantaris wanneer hul met studies, wat op die ander bevolkingsgroepe gedoen was, vergelyk word. Geen ooreenkomste was tussen die geslag van die kadawer en die aanwesigheid en/of afwesigheid van M. palmaris longus en M. plantaris gevind nie. Daarbenewens was dit vasgestel dat daar geen verhouding tussen die aanwesigheid en/of afwesigheid van M. palmaris longus en M. plantaris in dieselfde individu is nie. 'n Moontlike filogenetiese degeneratiewe tendens vir M. palmaris longus is ook ondersoek. Na die bestudering van verskillende ouderdomsgroepe, is daar bepaal dat so 'n tendens nie bevestig kon word vir hierdie steekproef nie. Ter afsluiting, die morfologie en die aanwesigheid en/of afwesigheid van M. palmaris longus en M. plantaris, in 'n Suid-Afrikaanse bevolking, is ideaal vir die gebruik van weefselsnitte of tendon-oorplantings in rekonstruktiewe chirurgie. Maar dit is van uiterste belang dat die rekonstruktiewe chirurg, wie met Suid-Afrikaanse pasiënte werk, onthou dat beide hierdie spiere onderworpe is aan variasie. Dit sal dus voordelig wees om behoorlike opsporingsmetodes te gebruik om die vatbaarheid van hierdie spiere in rekonstruktiewe chirurgie vas te stel, maar hy of sy het ook kennis van die anatomie van hierdie spiere, nodig. Copyright / Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2011. / Anatomy / unrestricted

This paper aims to explore the connections and parallels between Longus' Daphnis and Chloe and Ovid's Metamorphoses. The conclusions reached should provide fertile ground for further studies in the intertextual play between novels and Latin poetry. To reach these conclusions, there will be a multi-pronged approach at analyzing the questions and implications raised by the potential connections. First Longus' novel will be situated within a context of Greek literature under the Roman Empire that consciously utilized Vergilian poetry. Having done that, I will turn to the similar methods that each author uses to play with genre and the visual worlds in his work, a process that shows that Longus was using Ovid as a definite model/kindred spirit for his novel's approach to these topics. Following that, there will be an extended examination of specific episodes in Daphnis and Chloe through which Longus reveals his knowledge of Ovid's Metamorphoses. Finally, this paper will attempt to situate the arguments and conclusions that are made in the context of the current debates over the readership of the novel to present a strong case for bilingualism in the ancient world. / text

Abstract Hallux valgus (HV) decreases the forces under the first ray during the propulsive phases of gait and transfers loading to the lesser metatarsals. Biomechanical factors contribute to the development of HV through various mechanisms; however, the flexibility of HV has not been considered to be a major determinant when planning surgery for HV. The aims of this thesis were to develop a clinical test and a new surgical technique for flexible HV, to report the mid-term follow-up results of this new correction method, and to compare the metatarsal load distribution after the new technique to that achieved with distal chevron osteotomy in a matched-pair analysis. The new surgical technique, first tarsometatarsal joint derotational arthrodesis (FTJDA), includes rotational correction of the first metatarsal without surgery to the first metatarsophalangeal joint (I MTPJ). It is indicated for patients who are able to reduce HV with peroneus longus (PL) function (PL activation test). Between 2003 and 2009, a total of 88 flexible HV underwent FTJDA operations. Seventy-six operated feet were re-examined after an average of 5.1 (range 3.0 to 8.3) years of follow-up. Outcome measures included the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score and pre- and postoperative radiological analysis. Gait analysis was used to compare the metatarsal load distribution after the FTJDA with a distal chevron cohort in 30 pairs matched by HV angle and follow-up time. The mean HV and intermetatarsal correction angles between preoperative and six-week follow-up radiographs were 19.8 degrees and 8.9 degrees, respectively. HV and intermetatarsal angle (IMA 1-2) correction were satisfactorily maintained (13.4 degrees [95% CI 11.6 to 15.1] and 4.5 degrees [95% CI 3.7 to 5.2], respectively) at mid-term follow-up. AOFAS score was excellent or good in 72% of the operated feet. In gait analysis, the FTJDA group had 8% higher relative impulses under the first metatarsal head (MTH), whereas chevron group had central loading pattern. In conclusion, FTJDA corrects flexible HV effectively without intervention to the I MTPJ. The correction is satisfactorily maintained at the late follow-up and the clinical results are good. In the gait analysis, the FTJDA produces better postoperative dynamic loading capacity of the first ray in comparison to distal chevron osteotomy. / Tiivistelmä Vaivaisenluu heikentää voimantuottoa ensimmäisen säteen alla kävelyn ponnistusvaiheiden aikana ja kuormitus siirtyy ulommille jalkapöytäluille. Biomekaanisilla tekijöillä arvellaan olevan osuutta vaivaisenluun kehittymiseen. Vaivaisenluun joustavuutta ei ole pidetty ratkaisevana tekijänä kirurgisen hoidon suunnittelussa. Tämän tutkimuksen tavoitteina oli kehittää kliininen testi ja uusi kirurginen korjausmenetelmä joustavalle vaivaisenluuvirheasennolle, raportoida uuden korjausmenetelmän keskipitkän seuranta-ajan tulokset ja verrata jalkapöytäluiden kuormitusjakaumaa uuden korjausmenetelmän jälkeen distaaliseen chevron -osteotomiaan kaltaistettujen parien analyysillä. Uusi kirurginen toimenpide, ensimmäisen tarsometatarsaalinivelen derotaatioartrodeesi (FTJDA), sisältää metatarsaalin rotaatiokorjauksen avaamatta ensimmäisen varpaan tyviniveltä. Menetelmä on tarkoitettu potilaille, joilla vaivaisenluuvirheasento korjaantuu peroneus longuksen toiminnalla (PL-aktivaatiotesti). Vuosina 2003–2009 operoitiin yhteensä 88 joustavaa vaivaisenluuvirheasentoa ensimmäisen tarsometatarsaalinivelen derotaatioartrodeesillä (FTJDA). 76 leikattua jalkaa tutkittiin uudelleen 5,1 vuoden (vaihteluväli 3,0 – 8,3) keskiseuranta-ajan jälkeen. Tulosten arvioinnissa käytettiin AOFAS-pisteytystä ja pre- ja postoperatiivisia radiologisia mittauksia. Kävelyanalyysillä verrattiin jalkapöytäluiden kuormitusta FTJDA- ja distaalisen chevron -osteotomiaryhmän välillä 30 parilla, jotka kaltaistettiin vaivaisenluukulman ja seuranta-ajan suhteen. Keskimääräinen vaivaisenluu- ja intermetatarsaalikulmien korjautuminen oli preoperatiivisten ja kuuden viikon kontrollikuvien välillä 19,8 ja 8,9 astetta. Korjautumistulokset vaivaisenluu- ja intermetatarsaalikulmien osalta säilyivät hyvänä,13,4 astetta (95% luottamusväli 11,6-15,1) ja 4,5 astetta (95% luottamusväli 3,7-5,2), keskipitkänajan seurannassa. AOFAS pisteytys antoi erinomaisen tai hyvän tuloksen 72%:lle leikatuista jaloista. Kävelyanalyysissä FTJDA -ryhmän relatiivinen impulssi oli 8% korkeampi ensimmäisen jalkapöytäluun pään alla, kun taas chevron -ryhmällä todettiin päkiän keskiosan kohonnut kuormitusjakauma. Yhteenvetona voidaan todeta, että FTJDA korjaa joustavan vaivaisenluun tehokkaasti ilman I-varpaan tyvinivelen toimenpiteitä. Korjautumistulos säilyy pitkäaikaisseurannassa ja kliiniset tulokset ovat hyviä. Kävelyanalyysissä FTJDA tuottaa paremman postoperatiivisen, ensimmäisen säteen dynaamisen kuormituskapasiteetin, distaaliseen chevron -osteotomiaan verrattuna.

Scholarship on Longus’s Daphnis and Chloe tends to center on eroticism or pastoralism or the interplay of the two in the infusion of Theocritean innocence into the Greek narrative prose tradition of heterosexual love. Although these approaches examine Longus’s careful construction of an eroticized pastoral world, they tend to overlook the reproduction and parenthood that also inform Longus’s pastoralism. This article argues that Longus’s pastoral landscapes, signaled chiefly by the locus amoenus, have a primarily reproductive rather than erotic function. These landscapes introduce parenthood and childcare as themes that, in turn, serve as metaphors for the creative process behind the novel itself. By shifting the focus to the reproductive and parental aspects of Daphnis and Chloe, I will illuminate a hybrid quality to Longus’s pastoralism that has not been fully explored but is a key aspect of his pastoral art.

国立情報学研究所で電子化したコンテンツを使用している。

Diss.--Berlin--Freie Universität, 1996. / Bibliogr. p. 437-446. Glossaire. Index.