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11	Canting the cradle : the destruction of an ancient Mesopotamian civilization Marston, Jane Elizabeth 02 1900 (has links) Iraq is a country of great cultural significance as it is where civilization first began. As a result of its lengthy occupation, it is virtually one large archaeological site. In spite of numerous warnings to the governments of both the United States and the United Kingdom, no efforts were made to protect the Iraqi National Museum in Baghdad when the American-led coalition unlawfully invaded Iraq. Indeed, orders were given not to interfere with the looting. During the occupation that followed, the United States failed to take steps to protect Iraqi cultural property. In terms of international law, it was obliged to protect Iraq’s cultural property. The United States also chose to exacerbate its unlawful conduct by occupying archaeological sites and damaging them further by illegal construction. As a result many significant sites have been irreparably damaged or destroyed. Their conduct was the result of complete indifference to the Iraqi cultural heritage. Although their actions render them iin breach of international law, it is unlikely that the United States will ever be prosecuted for its actions. / Biblical and Ancient Studies / M.A. (Ancient Near Eastern Studies) Iraq Mesopotamia Cultural property Inventions Excavation Invasion Iraqi Museum Baghdad Looting Destruction of archaeological sites Occupation of archaeological sites Efforts to recover looted property Efforts to aid Iraq Museum 363.6909567 Archaeological thefts -- Iraq Iraq -- Antiquities Cultural property -- Protection -- Iraq Matḥaf al-ʻIrāqī
12	Unknown provenance : the forgery, illicit trade and looting of ancient near eastern artifacts and antiquities Conradie, Dirk Philippus 05 1900 (has links) The archaeology of the region, referred to in scholarly lexicon as the Ancient Near East, is richly endowed with artefacts and monumental architecture of ancient cultures. Such artefacts, as a non-renewable resource are, therefore considered to be a scarce commodity. So also is the context and the provenance of these objects. Once an object’s provenance has been disturbed, it is of no further significant use for academic research, except for aesthetic value. Historically, as well as in the present, we see that humans have exploited this resource for various reasons, with very little regard given to provenance. The impact of forgery, illicit trade and looting are the greatest threat to the value of provenance. Contrary to some arguments, collectors, curators, buyers, looters and certain scholars play a significant role in its destruction. This research reveals to what extent unknown provenance has become a disturbing problem in the study of archaeological artefacts. / Biblical and Ancient Studies / M.Th. (Biblical Archaeology) Provenance Forgery Illicit trade Looting Artefacts Antiquities Museums Repatriation Ancient Near East 220.930956 Bible -- Antiquities Classical antiquities Forgery of antiquities -- Middle East Pillage -- Middle East Classical antiquities -- Forgeries

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Canting the cradle : the destruction of an ancient Mesopotamian civilization

Unknown provenance : the forgery, illicit trade and looting of ancient near eastern artifacts and antiquities