• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 1
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

A Importância das praias para o desenvolvimento inicial de assembleias de peixes e macrocrustáceos: variação espaço-temporal da ictiofauna em praias adjacentes a um estuário tropical (Resex Acaú-Goina PE/PB, Brasil)

LACERDA, Carlos Henrique Figueiredo January 2014 (has links)
Submitted by Caroline Falcao (caroline.rfalcao@ufpe.br) on 2017-05-22T17:05:47Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Tese_Lacerda2014 (versão BC).pdf: 15671958 bytes, checksum: bd96e677f6b27688458828455de7708d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-22T17:05:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Tese_Lacerda2014 (versão BC).pdf: 15671958 bytes, checksum: bd96e677f6b27688458828455de7708d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / As zonas costeiras são consideradas áreas de transição entre os domínios continental e marinho, apresentando alta complexidade e dinamismo. Representando aproximadamente 10% das áreas emersas habitáveis, abrigam atualmente cerca de dois terços da população mundial proporcionando inúmeros serviços econômico-sociais a sociedade humana, que em constante expansão sobrecarrega cada vez mais esses ambientes que exercem papéis ecológicos fundamentais na manutenção da biodiversidade (e produtividade) local e de ecossistemas adjacentes (terrestre e marinho). Dentre os diferentes ecossistemas costeiros, os sistemas estuarinos são bastante conhecidos por estarem presentes em praticamente toda a costa brasileira, assim como por apresentarem grande importância ecológica, econômica e social. Na costa nordeste do Brasil muitos ecossistemas estuarinos ainda encontram-se pouco ou até mesmo não estudados, deixando uma lacuna nos estudos ecológicos referentes a esses ecossistemas que além de grande dinamismo também apresentam muitas particularidades, principalmente ao longo dessa região (NE) onde a plataforma continental é mais estreita. Dessa forma, durante o período de doze meses o habitat praia estabelecido na porção externa do estuário do Rio Goiana foi amplamente estudado, tendo como objetivo principal, avaliar o potencial desse ambiente como berçário para as assembleias de peixes. Um total de três desenhos amostrais foram elaborados e executados nas praias adjacentes a foz do Rio Goiana. A partir do esforço amostral, aspectos relacionados à composição e dinâmica da comunidade de fauna, assim como, características morfodinâmicas e ambientais, foram descritos pela primeira vez nesse habitat, que atualmente encontra-se sob a condição de Reserva Extrativista (RESEX Acaú-Goiana). Foi identificado que as praias adjacentes ao estuário ocorrem junto a um extenso terraço de baixa-mar, cortado pelo canal principal do rio ao longo da margem sul do estuário. Por se tratar de um ambiente dominado pela maré, diferentes ciclos ambientais como o ciclo lunar e circadiano, apresentaram grande influencia nos padrões das variáveis ambientais (salinidade, temperatura da agua, oxigênio dissolvido e profundidade), assim como, no uso do habitat pelas diferentes espécies da fauna. A diferença no regime de chuvas ao longo do ciclo sazonal mostrou-se determinante na composição da comunidade biótica das praias, dominadas por espécies estuarinas durante a estação chuvosa, e abrigando um maior número de espécies costeiras durante a estação seca. Esse ciclo sazonal do habitat, estimulado pelas oscilações de variáveis ambientais como salinidade e temperatura, permite que o habitat contemple um maior número de espécies, e aumenta a eficiência do fluxo de energia entre a porção interna do estuário e habitats costeiros adjacentes. A porção externa do estuário do Rio Goiana proporciona um extenso habitat de aguas rasas, ideal para o desenvolvimento inicial de varias espécies de peixes e crustáceos. É nesse habitat, que o berçário de espécies chave para a subsistência de famílias tradicionais como, Mugil spp. e Callinectes danae ocorre. O grande acúmulo de matéria orgânica, típico de terraços de maré, associado às baixas profundidades e transparência, promovem proteção e recursos alimentares para inúmeras espécies em desenvolvimento inicial, se apresentando assim, como uma importante alternativa de berçário para as assembleias de peixes e crustáceos. As praias estudadas podem exercer um importante papel na manutenção da biodiversidade do ecossistema estuarino e adjacente. As informações levantadas no presente estudo são inéditas, podendo servir de auxilio aos órgãos competentes, em seus planos de manejo de ecossistemas costeiros em unidades de conservação. / Coastal areas are considered transition zones between continental and marine environments, with high complexity and dynamism. Representing approximately 10% of the habitable emerged areas, currently home to about two-thirds of the world population providing numerous services (economic and social) to human society, which in constantly expanding, overwhelms these environments which performing key ecological roles in the maintenance of local biodiversity (and productivity ) and in the adjacent ecosystems (terrestrial and marine). Among the different coastal ecosystems, estuarine systems are well known to be present in practically the entire Brazilian coast, as well as presenting ecological, economic and social services. On the northeast coast of Brazil many estuarine ecosystems are still little or even not studied, leaving a gap in ecological estuarine studies, especially over this region (NE), where the continental shelf is narrower providing many particularities to this ecosystems. So, during the twelve-month period, the beach habitat established in the outer portion of the estuary Goiana was widely studied, with the main purpose of evaluating the potential of this environment as a nursery for fish assemblages. A total of three sampling designs were developed and implemented in the sandy beaches adjacent to Goiana River’s mouth. Aspects related to the composition and dynamics of the faunal community, as well as, morphodynamic and environmental features, were described for the first time in this area, a Marine Conservation Unit, of type Extractive Reserve (RESEX Acaú-Goiás). It was identified that the adjacent estuarine beaches occur along an extensive low tide terrace, crossed by the Goiana main channel along the southern shore. As a tide dominated environment, different environmental cycles, such as circadian and lunar cycle, had great influence on the patterns of environmental variables (salinity, water temperature, dissolved oxygen and depth), as well as in habitat use by different fauna species. The differences in rainfall regime along the seasonal cycle, proved decisive in the composition of the biotic community, dominated by estuarine species during the rainy season, and harboring a greater number of coastal species during the dry season. This seasonal cycle of the habitat, allows the sandy beaches to contemplate a larger number of species, and increases the efficiency of energy flow between the inner portion of the estuary and adjacent coastal habitats. The outer portion of Goiana River estuary provides an extensive shallow water habitat, ideal for the initial development of various species of fish and crustaceans. In this habitat, the nursery of key species for the livelihoods of traditional families as Mugil spp. and Callinectes danae occurs. The large accumulation of organic matter (wrack), typical of tidal terraces, associated to lowest depths and water transparency, promote protection and food resources for many species in early development, presenting as an important alternative nursery and feeding site for fish and crustaceans species. Thus, the sandy beach habitat plays an important role in the livelihood of the local community, as well as in maintaining the biodiversity of estuarine-coastal continuum. The information gathered in this study, should be taken into account by environmental agencies in their planning of coastal ecosystems.
2

Les plages sableuses en environnement macro-tidal : de l'influence de la pente sur les processus morphodynamiques / Sandy beach in a macro tidal environment : the role of the beach slope on the morphodynamic processes

Caulet, Charles 07 December 2018 (has links)
Ces travaux de thèse concernent la morpho-dynamique d'une plage de poche sableuse, située en environnement macrotidal. L'étude est menée sur la plage de Porsmilin, une plage de type intermédiaire avec une terrasse de basse mer. Cette étude s’appuie sur des observations in situ acquises lors de campagnes de mesures, organisées au cours de cette thèse. Le principal objectif est de caractériser le rôle de la pente, dans l'équilibre dynamique existant entre les processus hydrodynamiques et la morphologie de la plage. La dynamique des niveaux d’eau, de la propagation des ondes infragravitaires et de la turbulence sont examinés et mis en regard des variations morphologiques de la plage, en particulier de la pente locale de la plage. Les niveaux d’eau sont globalement sous-estimés par les formulations empiriques proposées dans la littérature. Des formules adaptées au site de Porsmilin sont présentées. L’impact de la brisure de pente observée le long du profil de plage sur la dynamique de la plage, est étudié. La variabilité de la position de la brisure de pente est impliquée dans les processus d’accommodation à court terme de la plage. Cela se traduit par un retrait vers le haut de plage de la brisure de pente, permettant une dissipation plus efficace de l’énergie incidente par la terrasse de basse mer. En revanche, ce retrait peut conduire, à une concentration d’énergie importante en haut de plage, lors de conditions particulièrement énergétiques, associées à un marnage important. La position de la brisure de pente pourrait être un bon indicateur de l'état de vulnérabilité de la plage face à des évènements énergétiques, ce qui constitue une information primordiale dans le contexte actuel d’érosion généralisée des littoraux sableux. / This PhD work is focused on the morphodynamic of a pocket beach, located in a macrotidal environment. The beach type is intermediate, with a low tide terrace. The study is based on in situ observations, collected during field campaigns organized during the PhD. The objective is to characterize the beach slope impact on hydrodynamics processes and beach morphology. The water levels dynamic, infragravity waves propagation and turbulence generation in the swash zone, are examined and linked to the beach slope variability.The empirical formulations proposed in the literature show large under-estimations of water levels in the site. Empirical formulations adapted to the beach are proposed.The characteristic break slope presents along the cross-shore profile of low tide terrace beaches is studied. The variability of the break slope location is relevant to explain the short term accommodation of the beach. Under incident wave energy, the location of the beach slope moves shoreward, allowing higher wave dissipation by the low tide terrace. Nevertheless, the reflective part is reduced, which leads to a vulnerable state of the upper beach under strong forcing associated with high tide. The location of the beach slope is found to be a good indicator of the beach vulnerability under a given wave forcing. It provides valuable information in the globalized beach erosion context.

Page generated in 0.0499 seconds