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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Desempenho de motor diesel com óleo vegetal de Crambe (Crambe abyssinica hochst) pré-aquecido

Bomfati, Bruna Martins 27 February 2018 (has links)
Submitted by Eunice Novais (enovais@uepg.br) on 2018-05-18T19:33:14Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Bruna Martins Bomfati.pdf: 1871828 bytes, checksum: 025d7196b1adc075dc67eda4558cee36 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-18T19:33:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Bruna Martins Bomfati.pdf: 1871828 bytes, checksum: 025d7196b1adc075dc67eda4558cee36 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Os problemas ambientais decorrentes do uso de combustíveis fósseis têm incentivado o desenvolvimento de fontes renováveis de energia. Neste cenário, em relação à busca por possíveis substitutos ao petrodiesel, os óleos vegetais e seus derivados vêm se revelando a melhor alternativa. Porém, para os óleos vegetais serem utilizados de forma pura como combustível, adaptações devem ser feitas para reduzir sua viscosidade e minimizar a ocorrência de possíveis problemas de desempenho e de danos ao motor. Neste trabalho, foi realizado ensaio de longa duração em motor ciclo Diesel, monocilíndrico e com injeção indireta, utilizando óleo de crambe pré-aquecido a 100 °C como combustível, com o objetivo de avaliar o desempenho do motor alimentado com este óleo vegetal, em comparação ao petrodiesel, assim como observar possíveis contaminações no óleo lubrificante decorrentes da utilização do óleo de crambe. O ensaio teve duração total de 100 horas. Em intervalos de tempo predeterminados, mensurou-se o consumo e a perda de potência relativa para os combustíveis crambe e petrodiesel, e realizou-se retirada de amostra de lubrificante para análise laboratorial, sendo as primeiras avaliações no tempo zero e as subsequentes a cada 15 horas de operação do motor. Também foi calculada a eficiência térmica do conjunto motor-gerador nos dois tratamentos. O consumo de óleo de crambe foi, em média, superior ao de petrodiesel nos quatro regimes de operação do motor, sendo mais evidente a diferença entre os combustíveis nos regimes com carga. A perda de potência relativa do combustível crambe foi superior à do petrodiesel nas avaliações em que se aplicou a carga de 51% da potência nominal do motor sobre a condição de 1.800 rpm de velocidade livre de carga e para a aplicação de carga adicional de 15% sobre a condição de 51% de demanda da potência nominal do motor; porém, para a aplicação de 66% de demanda da potência nominal do motor sobre a condição de 1.800 rpm livre de carga, o combustível crambe apresentou menor perda de potência relativa. Não houve diferença na eficiência térmica do conjunto motor-gerador com os dois combustíveis, comprovando que o maior consumo de óleo de crambe compensa seu menor poder calorífico em relação ao petrodiesel. Nas análises realizadas nas amostras de lubrificante não foram observados indícios de contaminação pelo combustível e nem alterações de suas propriedades, indicando combustão adequada do óleo de crambe, entretanto, observou-se aumento acentuado da concentração de ferro. Em geral, apesar do desempenho inferior, obteve-se bons resultados com o óleo de crambe pré-aquecido como combustível, porém mais estudos são necessários para avaliar a viabilidade técnica e econômica de seu uso. / The environmental problems arising from the use of fossil fuels have encouraged the development of renewable energy sources. In this scenario, in relation to the search for possible substitutes for petrodiesel, fuels made from vegetable oils are considered an interesting alternative. However, to use pure vegetable oils as fuel, adaptations must be made to reduce the oil viscosity and minimize the occurrence of performance issues and engine damage. In this study, a long-term test was performed in a single-cylinder, indirect injection diesel engine fueled with crambe oil preheated at 100 °C, with the aim of evaluating the performance of the engine with the use of this vegetable oil as fuel, in comparison to petrodiesel, and also possible contaminations in the lubricant due to the use of crambe oil. The essay had a duration of 100 hours. At specific time intervals, consumption and relative power loss for crambe oil and petrodiesel were measured, and lubricant samples were taken for laboratory analysis. The initial evaluations were at time zero and the subsequent at each 15 hours of engine operation. Also, the thermal efficiency was calculated for both fuels. The consumption of crambe oil was, on average, higher than that of petrodiesel for the four engine operating regimes, and the difference between the fuels consumptions was more evident at load conditions. The relative power loss of crambe fuel was higher than that of petrodiesel in the evaluations in which the load of 51% of rated engine power was applied over the condition of 1,800 rpm load-free and for the application of additional load of 15% over the demand of 51% of rated engine power; however, for the application of load of 66% of rated engine power over the condition of 1,800 rpm load-free, crambe oil presented less relative power loss. There was no difference between the fuels in the thermal efficiency of the engine-generator set, proving that the higher consumption of crambe oil compensates its lower heating value in relation to petrodiesel. In the lubricant analyses, there was no evidence of contamination by the fuel and no changes in its properties, indicating adequate combustion of the crambe oil, but it was observed a marked increase in iron concentration. In general, despite the inferior performance, good results were obtained with preheated crambe oil as fuel. However, more studies are necessary to evaluate the technical and economic feasibility of its use.
2

Konstrukce zařízení pro výzkum mazání ozubených převodů / Design of the device for research on lubrication of gears

Žáček, Jan January 2018 (has links)
The master´s thesis is focused on the design and implementation of the laboratory stand for studying lubrication of gears. Specifically, to assess the effect of lubricant contamination on gears. The device uses the Niemann closed circuit concept which in practice is called „back to back“. Firstly, in the theoretical part, the test circuits uses for testing gears are described and one of the standardized procedure for experimentation is presented. Based on research studies, basic parameters for the design and creation of conceptuals are determined. The practical part consists not only the design of this stend, but also including test run and the description of the procedure on that device. The result of this master´s thesis is the functional experimental device for the future development of intelligent lubrication systems.

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