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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Herança genética da resistência a Tuta absoluta em acessos de tomateiro do Banco de Germoplasma de Hortaliças da UFV / Analysis of the resistance tomato to Tuta absoluta and of the genetic inheritance of the resistance in accesses of the Vegetable Germplasm Bank of UFV

Antônio, Adilson de Castro 20 February 2006 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:40:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 162363 bytes, checksum: 15ec5f985211394c383fbeeb52aa7aa7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-02-20 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The aim of this study were to select among 15 accesses of Lycopersicon esculentum from BGH-UFV, identified for liveira (2004) as the most resistant accesses for antixenosis to Tuta absoluta, the least favorite ones for oviposition to moth Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), to study the resistance for antibiosis and to study the inheritance of the resistance of the access less favorite for oviposition to T. absoluta. The antixenosis experiment was analyzed take into account the number of insects eggs to plant, of each access, regarding to 12 and 24 hours of exhibition to this pert-insects adults. The characteristics evaluated for the antibiosis experiment were: percentage of mortality of pert-insect, weight of female pupa and male pupa, adult's weight, percentage of pupa mortality, sexual reason and transfer of weight of the pupas for the adults. The characteristics evaluated for the experiment of inheritance study were the number of eggs for seedling of the generations BGH-1497 (masculine genitor) and 'Santa Clara' (feminine genitor) and F1, F2, RC1 and RC2, coming from crossing of 'Santa Clara' x BGH-1497. Being the number of eggs for seedling converted for non preference index for oviposição (INP). The less favorite accesses for the insects of T. absoluta were BGH-1989, BGH-55, BGH-320, BGH-1708, BGH-1282, BGH-227, BGH-1990 and BGH-1497. The accesses BGH-83, BGH-1532 and BGH-674 were the one that had tendency for larger values of percentage of died pupas. BGH-55 and BGH-320 were the accesses that had tendency for smaller values for weight of female pupas. They were not found male pupas in the accesses BGH-83, BGH-489 and BGH-1989.BGH-1532 presented tendency for smaller sexual reason. BGH-55 and BGH-1990 were the accesses that had tendency for larger transfer of weight of the pupas for the adults. In the heritance complete model, the average presented larger magnitude for studied characteristic, explaining 67,14% of the available variability respectively for the non preference index for oviposição, followed by 12,90% and 6,61% for the addictive effects and of dominância, respectively, and still 13,33% for the sum of effects owed the interactions epistáticas. The addictive variance for INP was of 372,67, what provided variance due to the deviation of negative dominance, -44,83. The wide herdabilidade was of 69,07% and the restricted was of 78,51%, what allows the transfer of the resistance characteristic among the generations. The average levels of dominance based on variances was considered 0,00 and the average levels of dominance based on averages it was 0,046. The proportion phenotypic that best explained the data of this experiment was 13:3, in other words, 13 susceptible for 3 resistant, due to better adaptation for the chi-square test. / Os objetivos deste trabalho foram selecionar entre 15 acessos de Lycopersicon esculentum do BGH-UFV, identificados por Oliveira (2004) como os mais resistentes por antixenose a traça do tomateiro Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), os menos preferidos para oviposição da traça do tomateiro, estudar a resistência por antibiose e estudar a herança da resistência do acesso menos preferido para oviposição de T. absoluta. No experimento de antixenose foram contados o número de ovos da traça do tomateiro por planta, com 12 e 24 horas de exposição aos insetos. No experimento de antibiose avaliaram-se: percentagem de mortalidade de lagartas, peso de pupa fêmea e de macho, peso de adulto, percentagem de mortalidade de pupa e razão sexual. No experimento de estudo de herança genética avaliaram-se o número de ovos por planta dos genitores BGH-1497 (masculino) e Santa Clara (feminino) e das gerações F1, F2, RC1 e RC2. O número de ovos por planta foi convertido para Índice de Não Preferência para oviposição (INP). Os acessos menos preferidos pelos insetos de T. absoluta foram BGH-55, BGH-227, BGH-320, BGH-1282, BGH-1497, BGH-1708, BGH-1989 e BGH-1990. Os acessos BGH-83, BGH-1532 e BGH-674 foram os que tiveram tendência para maiores valores de percentagem de pupas mortas. BGH-55 e BGH-320, foram os que tiveram tendência para menores valores para peso de pupas fêmeas. Não foram encontrados pupas macho nos acessos BGH-83, BGH-489 e BGH-1989. BGH-1532 apresentou tendência para menor razão sexual. No estudo de herança a média apresentou maior magnitude, explicando 67,14% da variabilidade disponível do INP, seguida de 12,90% e 6,61% para os efeitos aditivos e de dominância, respectivamente; os 13,33% restantes representam a soma de efeitos devido as interações epistáticas. A variância aditiva para o INP foi de 372,67, gerando variância devido ao desvio de dominância negativa, -44,83. A herdabilidade ampla foi 69,07% e a restrita 78,51%. O grau médio da dominância baseado em variâncias foi considerado 0,00 e o grau médio da dominância baseado em médias foi 0,46. A proporção fenotípica que melhor explicou os dados deste experimento foi 13:3, ou seja, 13 suscetíveis para 3 resistentes.

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